七、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 任务型阅读。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:节气文化
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide farming. Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms. It means the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, the river thaws(解冻), and trees and grass turn green again. Here are several things to make you know about Rain Water better. Let me introduce them to you.
Rain in spring is as precious(宝贵的) as oil According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil. In northern China, the spring drought(旱灾) is common. And the rain of this season is only 10 to 15 percent of yearly average rainfall. So at that time, rain is so precious and important to the crops.
The return of a cold period Returning cold in the late spring often happens during Rain Water. The fast increase in air humidity can result in lower temperature and wet weather. Remember not to take off your coats so early in this period.
The visit to in-laws(姻亲) One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four metres of red string. They stand for good health and a long life. Another traditional gift is a pot of cooked knuckles of pork(猪蹄). The son-in-law expresses his thankfulness in this way.
Nutritious porridge(营养粥) The wet weather during Rain Water is harmful to people's health according to the Chinese medical practice. So a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to keep the body healthy.
根据短文内容回答问题,每题答案不超过 10 个词。
1. What does Rain Water stand for according to the article?
2. If the yearly average rainfall in northern China is 500 mm, how much rainfall is there in spring?
3. During Rain Water, what gifts do sons-in-law often give to their in-laws?
4. What is the best choice for health during Rain Water?
5. What do you think of the 24 solar terms?
主题群:自然生态
子主题:节气文化
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide farming. Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms. It means the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, the river thaws(解冻), and trees and grass turn green again. Here are several things to make you know about Rain Water better. Let me introduce them to you.
Rain in spring is as precious(宝贵的) as oil According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil. In northern China, the spring drought(旱灾) is common. And the rain of this season is only 10 to 15 percent of yearly average rainfall. So at that time, rain is so precious and important to the crops.
The return of a cold period Returning cold in the late spring often happens during Rain Water. The fast increase in air humidity can result in lower temperature and wet weather. Remember not to take off your coats so early in this period.
The visit to in-laws(姻亲) One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four metres of red string. They stand for good health and a long life. Another traditional gift is a pot of cooked knuckles of pork(猪蹄). The son-in-law expresses his thankfulness in this way.
Nutritious porridge(营养粥) The wet weather during Rain Water is harmful to people's health according to the Chinese medical practice. So a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to keep the body healthy.
根据短文内容回答问题,每题答案不超过 10 个词。
1. What does Rain Water stand for according to the article?
The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.
2. If the yearly average rainfall in northern China is 500 mm, how much rainfall is there in spring?
50 to 75 mm.
3. During Rain Water, what gifts do sons-in-law often give to their in-laws?
Two cane chairs with red string and knuckles of pork.
4. What is the best choice for health during Rain Water?
A bowl of nutritious porridge.
5. What do you think of the 24 solar terms?
They are useful and meaningful.（言之有理即可）
答案：1. The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. 2. 50 to 75 mm. 3. Two cane chairs with red string and knuckles of pork. 4. A bowl of nutritious porridge. 5. They are useful and meaningful.（言之有理即可）
解析：
【分析】
这是结合节气文化的任务型阅读题，解题时首先明确题干要求所有答案不超过10个词，再逐题带着关键词回原文定位：第1题定位雨水节气的含义，直接从原文首段找对应描述；第2题结合第二段给出的降雨占比做简单数学计算得出结果；第3题定位女婿拜访岳父母的习俗段落，提取对应的礼物内容；第4题从最后一段找养生相关的最佳选择；第5题为开放题，结合对24节气的认知给出合理评价即可，全程注意控制答案字数符合要求。
【解析】
1. 回到原文第一段找到对应描述"It means the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature"，直接提取该内容作为答案，符合字数要求。
2. 原文第二段说明北方春季降雨量仅为年平均降雨量的10%-15%，当年平均降雨量为500mm时，计算得500×10%=50mm，500×15%=75mm，因此春季降雨量为50到75mm。
3. 定位第四段习俗内容，文中提到传统礼物是带红绳的两把藤椅，还有炖猪蹄，整理合并得到对应答案。
4. 定位最后一段末尾，原文明确说明一碗营养粥是保持健康的最佳选择，直接提取对应内容即可。
5. 本题为开放性作答，只要围绕24节气的价值给出正向合理的评价即可，示例答案符合要求。
【答案】
1. The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.
2. 50 to 75 mm.
3. Two cane chairs with red string and knuckles of pork.
4. A bowl of nutritious porridge.
5. They are useful and meaningful.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
细节信息定位，阅读计算，节气文化常识
【点评】
本题依托24节气中的雨水节气相关传统文化内容命题，既考查学生任务型阅读的信息提取、简单运算能力，又渗透中华优秀传统文化教育，答题时需要注意严格遵守题干设定的答案字数限制，开放类问题贴合主题正向表述即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是结合节气文化的任务型阅读题，解题时首先明确题干要求所有答案不超过10个词，再逐题带着关键词回原文定位：第1题定位雨水节气的含义，直接从原文首段找对应描述；第2题结合第二段给出的降雨占比做简单数学计算得出结果；第3题定位女婿拜访岳父母的习俗段落，提取对应的礼物内容；第4题从最后一段找养生相关的最佳选择；第5题为开放题，结合对24节气的认知给出合理评价即可，全程注意控制答案字数符合要求。
【解析】
1. 回到原文第一段找到对应描述"It means the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature"，直接提取该内容作为答案，符合字数要求。
2. 原文第二段说明北方春季降雨量仅为年平均降雨量的10%-15%，当年平均降雨量为500mm时，计算得500×10%=50mm，500×15%=75mm，因此春季降雨量为50到75mm。
3. 定位第四段习俗内容，文中提到传统礼物是带红绳的两把藤椅，还有炖猪蹄，整理合并得到对应答案。
4. 定位最后一段末尾，原文明确说明一碗营养粥是保持健康的最佳选择，直接提取对应内容即可。
5. 本题为开放性作答，只要围绕24节气的价值给出正向合理的评价即可，示例答案符合要求。
【答案】
1. The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.
2. 50 to 75 mm.
3. Two cane chairs with red string and knuckles of pork.
4. A bowl of nutritious porridge.
5. They are useful and meaningful.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
细节信息定位，阅读计算，节气文化常识
【点评】
本题依托24节气中的雨水节气相关传统文化内容命题，既考查学生任务型阅读的信息提取、简单运算能力，又渗透中华优秀传统文化教育，答题时需要注意严格遵守题干设定的答案字数限制，开放类问题贴合主题正向表述即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.6