四、阅读理解。
亮点原创 Do you like pop music or rock? Your favourite music might say something about who you are! Researchers asked over 4,000 people about their favourite music and their MBTI types. It turns out that different MBTI types like different types of music. Here are some of the results.
Remember: You don't have to like the same songs to be friends. Sharing the music you love can help everyone understand each other better. Think about the following questions and share your answers with your friends: How did you come to love the music you love today? How have your tastes in music changed over the years?
1. Which MBTI type has the highest percentage of liking pop music?
A. ESFP.
B. ESFJ.
C. ISFP.
D. ENTP.
2. According to the material, which type of music is more popular among N and P types?
A. Pop.
B. Rock.
C. Classical.
D. Jazz.
3. What can we infer from the "Classical" section?
A. S types are more likely to enjoy classical music.
B. N types are much more likely to enjoy classical music.
C. Classical music is only liked by ENTJ.
D. Classical music is the most popular among all types.
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the material?
A. Punk music is more popular among E types.
B. Jazz seems to draw I (introverted) types more.
C. Electronica fans are often E types.
D. Pop attracts more N and P types.
5. 新素养 归纳总结 Sort these music types by how much they are liked by N types, based on the highest percentages given for each genre.
① Classical ② Punk ③ Rock ④ Jazz
亮点原创 Do you like pop music or rock? Your favourite music might say something about who you are! Researchers asked over 4,000 people about their favourite music and their MBTI types. It turns out that different MBTI types like different types of music. Here are some of the results.
Remember: You don't have to like the same songs to be friends. Sharing the music you love can help everyone understand each other better. Think about the following questions and share your answers with your friends: How did you come to love the music you love today? How have your tastes in music changed over the years?
1. Which MBTI type has the highest percentage of liking pop music?
A. ESFP.
B. ESFJ.
C. ISFP.
D. ENTP.
2. According to the material, which type of music is more popular among N and P types?
A. Pop.
B. Rock.
C. Classical.
D. Jazz.
3. What can we infer from the "Classical" section?
A. S types are more likely to enjoy classical music.
B. N types are much more likely to enjoy classical music.
C. Classical music is only liked by ENTJ.
D. Classical music is the most popular among all types.
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the material?
A. Punk music is more popular among E types.
B. Jazz seems to draw I (introverted) types more.
C. Electronica fans are often E types.
D. Pop attracts more N and P types.
5. 新素养 归纳总结 Sort these music types by how much they are liked by N types, based on the highest percentages given for each genre.
① Classical ② Punk ③ Rock ④ Jazz
③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②
答案：1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. ③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. ③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇图文结合的信息类阅读理解，解题核心思路是准确定位每道题对应的图文板块，逐一匹配信息即可得出答案：
1. 做第1题时，直接定位到流行音乐板块，对比列出的几个MBTI类型的占比，找出数值最高的选项即可；
2. 第2题需要找到描述同时偏好N和P类型的音乐板块，直接检索对应板块的说明文字就能得到结果；
3. 第3题定位古典音乐板块，将选项和板块内的描述逐一比对，排除明显错误的选项，选出符合原文表述的内容；
4. 第4题需要逐个核对四个选项对应的不同音乐板块的说明，排除和原文不符的错误表述，选出正确项；
5. 第5题需要先提取四个指定音乐类型对应的最高占比数值，再按数值从大到小排序即可得到结果。
【解析】
1. 定位到Pop流行音乐板块，给出的占比分别为ESFP 88%、ESFJ 80%、ISFP 78%，其中占比最高的是ESFP，对应选项A。
2. 逐一核对各音乐类型的说明：Pop更受S和F类型喜爱，Rock板块明确标注“Rock seems to be popular with N and P types more”，Classical更受N类型喜爱，Jazz更受E类型喜爱，符合题意的是Rock，对应选项B。
3. 定位到Classical古典音乐板块：A选项表述和原文“N types are much more likely to enjoy classical music”相悖，错误；B选项和原文表述完全一致，正确；C选项“古典音乐只有ENTJ喜欢”明显不符合板块列出的多个高占比类型的内容，错误；D选项“古典音乐在所有类型中最受欢迎”原文无相关表述，错误。因此选B。
4. 逐一核对选项：A选项，朋克板块说明朋克更受N和P类型欢迎，并非E类型，错误；B选项，爵士板块说明爵士更吸引外向E类型，并非内向I类型，错误；C选项，电子音乐板块明确标注“Electronica fans are often E types”，和原文一致，正确；D选项，流行板块说明流行更吸引S和F类型，并非N和P类型，错误。因此选C。
5. 提取四个音乐类型的最高占比：①Classical最高占比为79%，②Punk最高占比为51%，③Rock最高占比为84%，④Jazz最高占比为64%，按从高到低排序为84%＞79%＞64%＞51%，对应顺序为③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②。
【答案】
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. ③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②
【知识点】
细节信息定位，阅读理解细节判断，数据归纳排序
【点评】
本题属于图文信息类阅读，整体难度偏低，大部分题目都可以直接从图文给出的明确信息中找到对应依据，重点考察学生快速检索文本信息的能力，最后一道排序题需要学生细心提取对应数据进行比较，兼顾了信息处理能力和归纳总结素养的考察，符合新课标对信息类阅读的能力要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇图文结合的信息类阅读理解，解题核心思路是准确定位每道题对应的图文板块，逐一匹配信息即可得出答案：
1. 做第1题时，直接定位到流行音乐板块，对比列出的几个MBTI类型的占比，找出数值最高的选项即可；
2. 第2题需要找到描述同时偏好N和P类型的音乐板块，直接检索对应板块的说明文字就能得到结果；
3. 第3题定位古典音乐板块，将选项和板块内的描述逐一比对，排除明显错误的选项，选出符合原文表述的内容；
4. 第4题需要逐个核对四个选项对应的不同音乐板块的说明，排除和原文不符的错误表述，选出正确项；
5. 第5题需要先提取四个指定音乐类型对应的最高占比数值，再按数值从大到小排序即可得到结果。
【解析】
1. 定位到Pop流行音乐板块，给出的占比分别为ESFP 88%、ESFJ 80%、ISFP 78%，其中占比最高的是ESFP，对应选项A。
2. 逐一核对各音乐类型的说明：Pop更受S和F类型喜爱，Rock板块明确标注“Rock seems to be popular with N and P types more”，Classical更受N类型喜爱，Jazz更受E类型喜爱，符合题意的是Rock，对应选项B。
3. 定位到Classical古典音乐板块：A选项表述和原文“N types are much more likely to enjoy classical music”相悖，错误；B选项和原文表述完全一致，正确；C选项“古典音乐只有ENTJ喜欢”明显不符合板块列出的多个高占比类型的内容，错误；D选项“古典音乐在所有类型中最受欢迎”原文无相关表述，错误。因此选B。
4. 逐一核对选项：A选项，朋克板块说明朋克更受N和P类型欢迎，并非E类型，错误；B选项，爵士板块说明爵士更吸引外向E类型，并非内向I类型，错误；C选项，电子音乐板块明确标注“Electronica fans are often E types”，和原文一致，正确；D选项，流行板块说明流行更吸引S和F类型，并非N和P类型，错误。因此选C。
5. 提取四个音乐类型的最高占比：①Classical最高占比为79%，②Punk最高占比为51%，③Rock最高占比为84%，④Jazz最高占比为64%，按从高到低排序为84%＞79%＞64%＞51%，对应顺序为③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②。
【答案】
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. ③ ＞ ① ＞ ④ ＞ ②
【知识点】
细节信息定位，阅读理解细节判断，数据归纳排序
【点评】
本题属于图文信息类阅读，整体难度偏低，大部分题目都可以直接从图文给出的明确信息中找到对应依据，重点考察学生快速检索文本信息的能力，最后一道排序题需要学生细心提取对应数据进行比较，兼顾了信息处理能力和归纳总结素养的考察，符合新课标对信息类阅读的能力要求。
【难度系数】
0.7