五、阅读表达。（共5题；每小题2分，计10分）
Everyone knows Confucius(孔子). He is a great thinker in Chinese history. He was born in Qufu, Shandong Province during the Spring and Autumn Period. He is from a rich family. Confucius lives for 73 years. He lived longer than other most people at his age. He has a long life and has a set of ways to keep good health.
First of all, he has a big heart and he opens it up to everyone. His dream is that the old live an easy life, friends believe in him and the young think of him. He has an easy life. He always says, “People can eat coarse grains(粗粮) and drink cold water, bend arms as a pillow(枕头).” He thinks it’s wrong to get wealth in special ways.
Secondly, Confucius is very careful about his eating because he thinks it’s good for his mind and body. He never eats food that becomes bad. He never speaks while eating or sleeping.
Lastly, he likes music and exercise. He can play the guqin. He also likes to travel around the world. He is strict with himself. One of his famous sayings is, “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others do to you.”
As students in the 21st century, we should have an open heart, big dreams and good living habits. We should also work hard from now on. Please take action right away!
根据短文内容回答问题(每小题答案不超过10个单词)。
1. Where was Confucius born?
2. What’s Confucius’s life like?
3. How many ways does Confucius have to keep healthy?
4. Why is Confucius very careful about his eating?
5. What can we learn from Confucius from the passage?(请自拟一句话作答)
Everyone knows Confucius(孔子). He is a great thinker in Chinese history. He was born in Qufu, Shandong Province during the Spring and Autumn Period. He is from a rich family. Confucius lives for 73 years. He lived longer than other most people at his age. He has a long life and has a set of ways to keep good health.
First of all, he has a big heart and he opens it up to everyone. His dream is that the old live an easy life, friends believe in him and the young think of him. He has an easy life. He always says, “People can eat coarse grains(粗粮) and drink cold water, bend arms as a pillow(枕头).” He thinks it’s wrong to get wealth in special ways.
Secondly, Confucius is very careful about his eating because he thinks it’s good for his mind and body. He never eats food that becomes bad. He never speaks while eating or sleeping.
Lastly, he likes music and exercise. He can play the guqin. He also likes to travel around the world. He is strict with himself. One of his famous sayings is, “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others do to you.”
As students in the 21st century, we should have an open heart, big dreams and good living habits. We should also work hard from now on. Please take action right away!
根据短文内容回答问题(每小题答案不超过10个单词)。
1. Where was Confucius born?
In Qufu, Shandong Province.
2. What’s Confucius’s life like?
It's long.
3. How many ways does Confucius have to keep healthy?
Three.
4. Why is Confucius very careful about his eating?
Because it's good for his mind and body.
5. What can we learn from Confucius from the passage?(请自拟一句话作答)
We should have a good living habit.
答案：1. In Qufu, Shandong Province.
2. It's long.
3. Three.
4. Because it's good for his mind and body.
5. We should have a good living habit.
2. It's long.
3. Three.
4. Because it's good for his mind and body.
5. We should have a good living habit.
解析：
【分析】
本题为根据短文内容回答问题的阅读表达题，解题思路是：先通读短文把握主旨，再针对每个问题的关键词，定位原文对应内容，提取关键信息，同时严格遵循答案不超过10个单词的要求。具体步骤为：1. 找出生地：定位第一段中“born”相关内容；2. 找生活状态：定位第一段关于孔子寿命的描述；3. 数健康方法：定位文中表顺序的First、Secondly、Lastly三点；4. 找注意饮食的原因：定位第三段开头原因句；5. 总结学到的内容：定位最后一段总结句。
【解析】
1. 问题问孔子出生地，原文第一段明确提及“He was born in Qufu, Shandong Province”，直接提取答案；
2. 问题问孔子的生活状态，第一段提到“He has a long life”，提炼为“It's long”；
3. 问题问保持健康的方法数量，文中用First、Secondly、Lastly分三点，共3种；
4. 问题问注意饮食的原因，第三段开头“because he thinks it’s good for his mind and body”，直接提取；
5. 问题问从孔子身上学到的内容，最后一段总结核心要求，选取符合的表述作答。
【答案】
1. In Qufu, Shandong Province.
2. It's long.
3. Three.
4. Because it's good for his mind and body.
5. We should have a good living habit.
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、根据短文回答问题
【点评】
本题考查学生对短文细节信息的定位与提取能力，题目设置基础，答案可直接从原文获取，适合学生巩固阅读答题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为根据短文内容回答问题的阅读表达题，解题思路是：先通读短文把握主旨，再针对每个问题的关键词，定位原文对应内容，提取关键信息，同时严格遵循答案不超过10个单词的要求。具体步骤为：1. 找出生地：定位第一段中“born”相关内容；2. 找生活状态：定位第一段关于孔子寿命的描述；3. 数健康方法：定位文中表顺序的First、Secondly、Lastly三点；4. 找注意饮食的原因：定位第三段开头原因句；5. 总结学到的内容：定位最后一段总结句。
【解析】
1. 问题问孔子出生地，原文第一段明确提及“He was born in Qufu, Shandong Province”，直接提取答案；
2. 问题问孔子的生活状态，第一段提到“He has a long life”，提炼为“It's long”；
3. 问题问保持健康的方法数量，文中用First、Secondly、Lastly分三点，共3种；
4. 问题问注意饮食的原因，第三段开头“because he thinks it’s good for his mind and body”，直接提取；
5. 问题问从孔子身上学到的内容，最后一段总结核心要求，选取符合的表述作答。
【答案】
1. In Qufu, Shandong Province.
2. It's long.
3. Three.
4. Because it's good for his mind and body.
5. We should have a good living habit.
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、根据短文回答问题
【点评】
本题考查学生对短文细节信息的定位与提取能力，题目设置基础，答案可直接从原文获取，适合学生巩固阅读答题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、缺词填空。(每空一词)(共10空;每空1分,计10分)
Do you often buy things you don't actually need, or buy more than you expected? Perhaps sometimes you even spend more than you can afford. Let's take a l 1 at why we shop the way we do and how we can shop more smartly!
How do companies encourage you to buy their products? F 2 , they put their advertisements everywhere, such as on the radio, on TV, on the internet and on the street. Second, they use b 3 colours and beautiful, smiling people to attract(吸引) customers.
They a 4 use clever words which tell us we "need" their products, or we're "worth it". They make us t 5 our lives will be better if we buy their products. Of course, sometimes, we do need the t 6 they sell, but sometimes we really don't. We buy food, clothes, beauty products and many o 7 things to be like our friends, or simply because it's fun to shop! B 8 there is always an effect(影响) on the earth. For example, if we buy things we don't need or want, we j 9 create more rubbish.
So what can you do? It's really simple. Next time you see an advertisement, STOP and THINK before you b 10 the product! The choice is yours!
1.
6.
Do you often buy things you don't actually need, or buy more than you expected? Perhaps sometimes you even spend more than you can afford. Let's take a l 1 at why we shop the way we do and how we can shop more smartly!
How do companies encourage you to buy their products? F 2 , they put their advertisements everywhere, such as on the radio, on TV, on the internet and on the street. Second, they use b 3 colours and beautiful, smiling people to attract(吸引) customers.
They a 4 use clever words which tell us we "need" their products, or we're "worth it". They make us t 5 our lives will be better if we buy their products. Of course, sometimes, we do need the t 6 they sell, but sometimes we really don't. We buy food, clothes, beauty products and many o 7 things to be like our friends, or simply because it's fun to shop! B 8 there is always an effect(影响) on the earth. For example, if we buy things we don't need or want, we j 9 create more rubbish.
So what can you do? It's really simple. Next time you see an advertisement, STOP and THINK before you b 10 the product! The choice is yours!
1.
look
2. First
3. bright
4. also
5. think
6.
things
7. other
8. But
9. just
10. buy
答案：1. look 2. First 3. bright 4. also 5. think 6. things 7. other 8. But 9. just 10. buy
解析：
【分析】做缺词填空时，需先通读全文理解主旨（本文围绕购物习惯、商家促销手段及理性购物展开），再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、逻辑关系及语法规则，逐一匹配合适的词汇。比如第1空对应固定搭配，第2空呼应后文的列举顺序，第8空体现转折逻辑，逐步推导每个空的答案。
【解析】1. 固定搭配take a look at意为“看一看”，符合语境，故填look；2. 由后文的Second（第二）可知，此处是列举的第一点，故填First；3. 修饰colours，结合语境“鲜艳的颜色”，用形容词bright；4. 前文介绍了商家的促销手段，此处表示“也”，用副词also；5. 固定用法make sb do sth，结合句意“让我们认为……”，填动词原形think；6. 指代前文提到的产品，用复数名词things；7. many other things表示“很多其他的东西”，符合语境，填other；8. 前文说购物有趣，后文说对地球有影响，是转折关系，填But；9. 结合句意“只是产生更多垃圾”，用副词just；10. 结合语境“在你买产品之前”，填动词原形buy。
【答案】1.look 2.First 3.bright 4.also 5.think 6.things 7.other 8.But 9.just 10.buy
【知识点】英语缺词填空、固定搭配、逻辑推理
【点评】本题为英语缺词填空题，侧重考查学生对上下文语境、常用固定搭配及逻辑关系的掌握，词汇均为基础常用词，整体难度适中，是初中英语的典型基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 固定搭配take a look at意为“看一看”，符合语境，故填look；2. 由后文的Second（第二）可知，此处是列举的第一点，故填First；3. 修饰colours，结合语境“鲜艳的颜色”，用形容词bright；4. 前文介绍了商家的促销手段，此处表示“也”，用副词also；5. 固定用法make sb do sth，结合句意“让我们认为……”，填动词原形think；6. 指代前文提到的产品，用复数名词things；7. many other things表示“很多其他的东西”，符合语境，填other；8. 前文说购物有趣，后文说对地球有影响，是转折关系，填But；9. 结合句意“只是产生更多垃圾”，用副词just；10. 结合语境“在你买产品之前”，填动词原形buy。
【答案】1.look 2.First 3.bright 4.also 5.think 6.things 7.other 8.But 9.just 10.buy
【知识点】英语缺词填空、固定搭配、逻辑推理
【点评】本题为英语缺词填空题，侧重考查学生对上下文语境、常用固定搭配及逻辑关系的掌握，词汇均为基础常用词，整体难度适中，是初中英语的典型基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7