六、信息还原。
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。
Do you know that much of the earth is covered with water? People drink and use fresh water. 1 This means humans, animals, and plants all need it.
2 This is a big problem. How can we keep water clean? We must not throw rubbish into the sea, streams, or ponds. We must keep mud from running into rivers when it rains. We can use machines to clean water as well.
Some animals make homes in water. Other animals live both on land and in water. When water is not clean, animals can get sick and die. Some animals even have to leave their homes. How can we help animals? 3 We can also try to keep wetlands filled with water.
4 How can we get lots of fresh water for plants? We can’t waste water. We need to save it. Wasting water is bad for the planet. So saving water helps save the earth. Wasting water is also bad for all lives on the earth. 5 Only in this way, can we keep the planet safe.
A. How can we get fresh water?
B. Plants need clean water as well.
C. All lives on the planet need water.
D. We can try to keep rivers and the sea clean.
E. But some water on our planet is not clean.
F. Everyone should try his or her best to save water.
G. Everyone mustn’t waste water.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。
Do you know that much of the earth is covered with water? People drink and use fresh water. 1 This means humans, animals, and plants all need it.
2 This is a big problem. How can we keep water clean? We must not throw rubbish into the sea, streams, or ponds. We must keep mud from running into rivers when it rains. We can use machines to clean water as well.
Some animals make homes in water. Other animals live both on land and in water. When water is not clean, animals can get sick and die. Some animals even have to leave their homes. How can we help animals? 3 We can also try to keep wetlands filled with water.
4 How can we get lots of fresh water for plants? We can’t waste water. We need to save it. Wasting water is bad for the planet. So saving water helps save the earth. Wasting water is also bad for all lives on the earth. 5 Only in this way, can we keep the planet safe.
A. How can we get fresh water?
B. Plants need clean water as well.
C. All lives on the planet need water.
D. We can try to keep rivers and the sea clean.
E. But some water on our planet is not clean.
F. Everyone should try his or her best to save water.
G. Everyone mustn’t waste water.
1.
C
2.
E
3.
D
4.
B
5.
F
答案：六、1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. F
解析：
【分析】
做这类信息还原题，首先要通读全文，明确本文核心主题是介绍水资源的重要性、现存的水污染问题，以及保护水资源、节约用水的相关举措。解题时逐空定位前后文的逻辑线索：
1. 优先观察空后给出的提示信息，比如指代类的"This means"、问答结构、并列标志词"also"等，通过线索反推空缺处的内容；
2. 把匹配的选项代入通读，验证上下文是否通顺连贯，最后排除两个多余的干扰选项，确认最终答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空后文"This means humans, animals, and plants all need it."是对空缺内容的解释说明，C选项“地球上所有的生命都需要水”刚好对应后文提到的人类、动物、植物都需要水的表述，逻辑完全匹配。
2. 第2空后文"This is a big problem. How can we keep water clean?"引出了水污染的相关问题，E选项“但是我们星球上的部分水并不干净”正好承上启下，引出后文的水污染问题，符合语境。
3. 第3空前文用问句"How can we help animals?"询问保护水生动物的方法，后文出现"We can also..."的并列结构，空缺处需要填入对应的第一种行动举措，D选项“我们可以尽力保持河流和海洋清洁”和后文的并列结构完美呼应。
4. 第4空后文围绕"How can we get lots of fresh water for plants?"展开，讨论植物的用水需求，B选项“植物同样需要干净的水”刚好引出下文关于植物用水的相关内容，衔接自然。
5. 第5空前文点明浪费水对地球所有生命都有害，后文"Only in this way, can we keep the planet safe."说明空缺处是呼吁大众节水的行动指引，F选项“每个人都应该尽自己最大的努力节约用水”符合前后文逻辑。
【答案】
1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. F
【知识点】
信息还原，语境衔接，逻辑推理
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的信息还原题型，主题贴合节水环保的常见考点，难度适中，重点考察学生抓取上下文线索的能力，学生只要抓住空前后的指代关系、问答呼应、并列句式等提示信息，很容易排除A、G两个多余干扰项，得出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类信息还原题，首先要通读全文，明确本文核心主题是介绍水资源的重要性、现存的水污染问题，以及保护水资源、节约用水的相关举措。解题时逐空定位前后文的逻辑线索：
1. 优先观察空后给出的提示信息，比如指代类的"This means"、问答结构、并列标志词"also"等，通过线索反推空缺处的内容；
2. 把匹配的选项代入通读，验证上下文是否通顺连贯，最后排除两个多余的干扰选项，确认最终答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空后文"This means humans, animals, and plants all need it."是对空缺内容的解释说明，C选项“地球上所有的生命都需要水”刚好对应后文提到的人类、动物、植物都需要水的表述，逻辑完全匹配。
2. 第2空后文"This is a big problem. How can we keep water clean?"引出了水污染的相关问题，E选项“但是我们星球上的部分水并不干净”正好承上启下，引出后文的水污染问题，符合语境。
3. 第3空前文用问句"How can we help animals?"询问保护水生动物的方法，后文出现"We can also..."的并列结构，空缺处需要填入对应的第一种行动举措，D选项“我们可以尽力保持河流和海洋清洁”和后文的并列结构完美呼应。
4. 第4空后文围绕"How can we get lots of fresh water for plants?"展开，讨论植物的用水需求，B选项“植物同样需要干净的水”刚好引出下文关于植物用水的相关内容，衔接自然。
5. 第5空前文点明浪费水对地球所有生命都有害，后文"Only in this way, can we keep the planet safe."说明空缺处是呼吁大众节水的行动指引，F选项“每个人都应该尽自己最大的努力节约用水”符合前后文逻辑。
【答案】
1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. F
【知识点】
信息还原，语境衔接，逻辑推理
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的信息还原题型，主题贴合节水环保的常见考点，难度适中，重点考察学生抓取上下文线索的能力，学生只要抓住空前后的指代关系、问答呼应、并列句式等提示信息，很容易排除A、G两个多余干扰项，得出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7