Trees have roots(根). People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it comes from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives(侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving at the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is judge the situation to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes(前缀) and suffixes(后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other". When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with(与……有关) "other". Examine the words "alternate" and "alternative". Can you find the Latin root in them?
If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays next time. You are alternating paying.
If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the next Saturday.
If you have no alternative, you have no other choices.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work always pay off.
(
A. The situation.
B. The crime scene.
C. The new and difficult word.
D. Everything that is known.
(
A. They each pay half.
B. Jim pays every time.
C. They take turns to pay.
D. Their parents pay for them.
(
A. By giving a fact.
B. By giving an example.
C. By telling a story.
D. By having a discussion.
(
A. My brother is my senior by two years.
B. He was ill so he was absent from school.
C. A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D. 60 students were present at the sports meeting.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives(侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving at the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is judge the situation to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes(前缀) and suffixes(后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other". When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with(与……有关) "other". Examine the words "alternate" and "alternative". Can you find the Latin root in them?
If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays next time. You are alternating paying.
If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the next Saturday.
If you have no alternative, you have no other choices.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work always pay off.
(
C
)33. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The situation.
B. The crime scene.
C. The new and difficult word.
D. Everything that is known.
(
C
)34. If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is "alternating paying"?A. They each pay half.
B. Jim pays every time.
C. They take turns to pay.
D. Their parents pay for them.
(
B
)35. How does the author explain(解释) the ideas about root words?A. By giving a fact.
B. By giving an example.
C. By telling a story.
D. By having a discussion.
(
A
)36. "Sen" from the Latin word means "old". Which word uses this Latin root?A. My brother is my senior by two years.
B. He was ill so he was absent from school.
C. A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D. 60 students were present at the sports meeting.
答案：C[语篇解读]本文主要通过举例和类比，说明了词根在理解单词中的重要性。
33. C
34. C 推理判断题。根据方框中“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢外出吃饭，第一次你付钱，下次另一个人付钱。你们是轮流付钱。因此，alternating paying 指的是轮流付钱。
35. B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Let's look at one common root word used in English. 'Alter' from the Latin word means 'other'.”可知，作者通过举例来解释词根的概念。
36. A 推理判断题。根据题干可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，表示“年老的”。选项 A 句意为“我哥哥比我大两岁。”，其中 senior 使用了这个词根。
33. C
34. C 推理判断题。根据方框中“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢外出吃饭，第一次你付钱，下次另一个人付钱。你们是轮流付钱。因此，alternating paying 指的是轮流付钱。
35. B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Let's look at one common root word used in English. 'Alter' from the Latin word means 'other'.”可知，作者通过举例来解释词根的概念。
36. A 推理判断题。根据题干可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，表示“年老的”。选项 A 句意为“我哥哥比我大两岁。”，其中 senior 使用了这个词根。
解析：
【分析】
本文是一篇关于英语词根重要性的阅读理解题，共4道选择题，分别考查代词指代、词义猜测、论证方法、词根应用。解题时需结合原文细节定位对应内容，分析逻辑关系：
1. 第33题：代词指代题，需定位到第二段最后一句，明确it的指代对象；
2. 第34题：词义猜测题，需找到文中关于alternating paying的举例说明，匹配选项含义；
3. 第35题：论证方法题，需判断作者解释词根时所用的论证方式；
4. 第36题：词根应用题，需结合题干中sen的含义，分析选项单词的词根使用情况。
【解析】
33. 代词指代题：定位至第二段最后一句“the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is judge the situation to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”，此处it指代前文提到的“new and difficult word”，故选C。
34. 词义猜测题：根据文中举例“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays next time. You are alternating paying.”，可知alternating paying意为“轮流付钱”，对应选项C。
35. 论证方法题：作者在第四段通过“alter”词根的具体例子来解释词根的作用，属于举例子的论证方法，故选B。
36. 词根应用题：题干中sen意为“老”，选项A中senior意为“年长的”，用到了sen词根；B项absent意为“缺席的”，C项sentenced意为“判刑”，D项present意为“出席的”，均未用到sen词根，故选A。
【答案】
33.C 34.C 35.B 36.A
【知识点】
代词指代题、词义猜测题、阅读理解解题技巧
【点评】
本文围绕英语词根的重要性展开，题目设置贴合初中英语阅读理解常见考点，注重考查学生的细节定位、词义猜测及词根应用能力，解题需结合原文信息与词根知识，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本文是一篇关于英语词根重要性的阅读理解题，共4道选择题，分别考查代词指代、词义猜测、论证方法、词根应用。解题时需结合原文细节定位对应内容，分析逻辑关系：
1. 第33题：代词指代题，需定位到第二段最后一句，明确it的指代对象；
2. 第34题：词义猜测题，需找到文中关于alternating paying的举例说明，匹配选项含义；
3. 第35题：论证方法题，需判断作者解释词根时所用的论证方式；
4. 第36题：词根应用题，需结合题干中sen的含义，分析选项单词的词根使用情况。
【解析】
33. 代词指代题：定位至第二段最后一句“the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is judge the situation to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”，此处it指代前文提到的“new and difficult word”，故选C。
34. 词义猜测题：根据文中举例“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays next time. You are alternating paying.”，可知alternating paying意为“轮流付钱”，对应选项C。
35. 论证方法题：作者在第四段通过“alter”词根的具体例子来解释词根的作用，属于举例子的论证方法，故选B。
36. 词根应用题：题干中sen意为“老”，选项A中senior意为“年长的”，用到了sen词根；B项absent意为“缺席的”，C项sentenced意为“判刑”，D项present意为“出席的”，均未用到sen词根，故选A。
【答案】
33.C 34.C 35.B 36.A
【知识点】
代词指代题、词义猜测题、阅读理解解题技巧
【点评】
本文围绕英语词根的重要性展开，题目设置贴合初中英语阅读理解常见考点，注重考查学生的细节定位、词义猜测及词根应用能力，解题需结合原文信息与词根知识，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6