三、阅读理解。(每小题3分,共27分)
A
新素材科普知识Our world is full of wonders, making us feel excited and curious. Let's take a look at the following three unusual sights(景象).
1. Colourful Mammatus Clouds
Look up! Sometimes after a storm, you might see strange clouds hanging in the sky. They are called mammatus clouds. These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward. They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds. Their unusual shape makes them look like something from another planet—colourful and amazing to watch.
2. Red Rain from the Sky
Have you ever heard of rain that is red? Red rain is an unusual sight where rainwater turns pink or red. People once thought it was caused by tiny red图 plants or special light. But now we know it's usually from red dust(灰尘) from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater. This strange rain has been in a few places around the world, making it an amazing sight.
3.
In cold winter, some low-moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles. They are round pieces of ice, just like big ice plates. How do they form? Pieces of ice spin(旋转) slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles. Only when the temperature and water are just right can we see these perfect natural ice circles.
(
A. They all look white and very beautiful.
B. They are like soft bags hanging down.
C. They form when warm air rises into cold air.
D. They are from another planet and very special.
(
A. Tiny red plants.
B. Red clouds in the sky.
C. Red dust from deserts.
D. Special light from nature.
(
A. Cold Winter Rivers
B. Slow-moving Plates
C. Dangerous Round Ice
D. Amazing Ice Circles
(
A. They all happen in winter.
B. They all happen in desert areas.
C. They are all connected with water.
D. They all need strong winds to form.
(
A. Art.
B. Travel.
C. Nature.
D. Culture.
A
新素材科普知识Our world is full of wonders, making us feel excited and curious. Let's take a look at the following three unusual sights(景象).
1. Colourful Mammatus Clouds
Look up! Sometimes after a storm, you might see strange clouds hanging in the sky. They are called mammatus clouds. These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward. They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds. Their unusual shape makes them look like something from another planet—colourful and amazing to watch.
2. Red Rain from the Sky
Have you ever heard of rain that is red? Red rain is an unusual sight where rainwater turns pink or red. People once thought it was caused by tiny red
3.
In cold winter, some low-moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles. They are round pieces of ice, just like big ice plates. How do they form? Pieces of ice spin(旋转) slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles. Only when the temperature and water are just right can we see these perfect natural ice circles.
(
B
)1. Which of the following is TRUE about mammatus clouds?A. They all look white and very beautiful.
B. They are like soft bags hanging down.
C. They form when warm air rises into cold air.
D. They are from another planet and very special.
(
C
)2. What really causes red rain to be pink or red?A. Tiny red plants.
B. Red clouds in the sky.
C. Red dust from deserts.
D. Special light from nature.
(
D
)3. Which of the following could be the best title for the third passage?A. Cold Winter Rivers
B. Slow-moving Plates
C. Dangerous Round Ice
D. Amazing Ice Circles
(
C
)4. What do the three sights have in common?A. They all happen in winter.
B. They all happen in desert areas.
C. They are all connected with water.
D. They all need strong winds to form.
(
C
)5. In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage?A. Art.
B. Travel.
C. Nature.
D. Culture.
答案：1. B 【解析】根据 Colourful Mammatus Clouds 对应的内容“These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward.”可知,彩色乳状云像大而柔软的向下悬挂的袋子,B 项表述正确。
2. C 【解析】根据 Red Rain from the Sky 对应的内容“But now we know it's usually from red dust from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”可知,红雨通常是来自遥远沙漠的灰尘和雨水混合形成的,即来自沙漠的红色尘土使雨呈现红色或者粉色。
3. D 【解析】根据本段中的“In cold winter, some low-moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles.”并结合全段内容可知,这里主要介绍的是神奇的冰圈,因此 D 项“Amazing Ice Circles”最适合做本段小标题。
4. C 【解析】根据“They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds.”“But now we know it's usually from red dust from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”和“Pieces of ice spin slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles.”可知,这三种现象的共同点是都和水有关。
5. C 【解析】通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了三种不寻常的自然现象,因此我们最有可能在报纸上的“自然”版块读到这篇文章。
2. C 【解析】根据 Red Rain from the Sky 对应的内容“But now we know it's usually from red dust from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”可知,红雨通常是来自遥远沙漠的灰尘和雨水混合形成的,即来自沙漠的红色尘土使雨呈现红色或者粉色。
3. D 【解析】根据本段中的“In cold winter, some low-moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles.”并结合全段内容可知,这里主要介绍的是神奇的冰圈,因此 D 项“Amazing Ice Circles”最适合做本段小标题。
4. C 【解析】根据“They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds.”“But now we know it's usually from red dust from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”和“Pieces of ice spin slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles.”可知,这三种现象的共同点是都和水有关。
5. C 【解析】通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了三种不寻常的自然现象,因此我们最有可能在报纸上的“自然”版块读到这篇文章。
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，解题思路是先通读全文把握文章主旨，再针对每道题目回到原文定位关键信息，对比选项与原文表述的匹配度，从而选出正确答案。具体步骤：1. 第1题定位到“Colourful Mammatus Clouds”段落，查找乳状云的特征；2. 第2题定位到“Red Rain from the Sky”段落，明确红雨的真正成因；3. 第3题分析第三段核心内容，提炼合适的小标题；4. 第4题分别梳理三种现象的形成条件，找出共同点；5. 第5题根据文章介绍自然现象的内容，判断所属报纸版块。
【解析】1. 根据“Colourful Mammatus Clouds”段落中“These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward.”可知，乳状云像柔软的向下悬挂的袋子，B项正确；A项“all look white”原文未提及，C项应为冷空气落入暖空气，D项“from another planet”是比喻说法，并非真的来自其他星球，故排除A、C、D。2. 根据“Red Rain from the Sky”段落中“But now we know it's usually from red dust from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”可知，红雨是沙漠红灰尘与雨水混合形成的，C项正确；A、B、D均是过去的错误认知，排除。3. 第三段主要介绍了冬季河流或湖泊中形成的冰圈，核心是“ice circles”，故标题选D项“Amazing Ice Circles”，A、B、C均偏离核心内容，排除。4. 三种现象分别涉及风暴云下的暖空气含水滴、红雨与雨水混合、冰圈在水中形成，共同点是都与水有关，C项正确；A项并非都在冬季（乳状云在雨后，不一定冬季），B项红雨不一定在沙漠，D项冰圈形成不需要强风，排除A、B、D。5. 文章介绍三种自然奇观，属于自然类内容，应在报纸的“Nature”版块，C项正确；A艺术、B旅行、D文化均不符合，排除A、B、D。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、自然科普阅读
【点评】本文围绕三种奇特自然现象展开，题目侧重细节查找与主旨理解，需要学生具备快速定位原文信息的能力，是典型的初中英语阅读理解题型。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 根据“Colourful Mammatus Clouds”段落中“These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward.”可知，乳状云像柔软的向下悬挂的袋子，B项正确；A项“all look white”原文未提及，C项应为冷空气落入暖空气，D项“from another planet”是比喻说法，并非真的来自其他星球，故排除A、C、D。2. 根据“Red Rain from the Sky”段落中“But now we know it's usually from red dust from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”可知，红雨是沙漠红灰尘与雨水混合形成的，C项正确；A、B、D均是过去的错误认知，排除。3. 第三段主要介绍了冬季河流或湖泊中形成的冰圈，核心是“ice circles”，故标题选D项“Amazing Ice Circles”，A、B、C均偏离核心内容，排除。4. 三种现象分别涉及风暴云下的暖空气含水滴、红雨与雨水混合、冰圈在水中形成，共同点是都与水有关，C项正确；A项并非都在冬季（乳状云在雨后，不一定冬季），B项红雨不一定在沙漠，D项冰圈形成不需要强风，排除A、B、D。5. 文章介绍三种自然奇观，属于自然类内容，应在报纸的“Nature”版块，C项正确；A艺术、B旅行、D文化均不符合，排除A、B、D。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、自然科普阅读
【点评】本文围绕三种奇特自然现象展开，题目侧重细节查找与主旨理解，需要学生具备快速定位原文信息的能力，是典型的初中英语阅读理解题型。
【难度系数】0.7