六、跨学科 历史 阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:历史人物 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★★
The ancient Silk Road was a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It was one of the most important milestones(里程碑) of trade and culture in world history, and the pioneer, Zhang Qian, could not be easily forgotten by history. He was a great diplomat(外交官), traveller and explorer in the Han Dynasty of China.
In 138 B. C. , Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yuezhi people to fight against the Xiongnu. He started his trip from Chang'an. But unluckily, Zhang was caught by the Xiongnu people just as he left Han, and was held prisoner(囚犯) for about ten years.
Zhang finally managed to run away with some of his men and continued to travel west. When Zhang at last reached the Yuezhi, he was sad to find that they didn't want to fight against the Xiongnu people. On the return journey, Zhang Qian and his men were caught again. It was not until 126 B. C. that they returned to Chang'an.
Though Zhang hadn't finished his task, he brought back first-hand information about Central Asia. The paths Zhang Qian explored later served as the highways connecting Europe, the Middle East, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, and East Asia. Commodities(商品) have been transported along this network of highways, which has been known as the "Silk Road" since the 19th century. Zhang Qian has been remembered as the great explorer that opened up a new era(时代) of cultural exchange between the East and the West.
1. What does the underlined word "alliance" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. A long journey to a faraway place.
B. A secret plan to run away.
C. An agreement to work together.
D. An introduction to each other.
2. What kind of person is Zhang Qian?
A. Careful and creative.
B. Energetic and active.
C. Proud and open-minded.
D. Brave and strong-minded.
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Zhang Qian and the Silk Road
B. Zhang Qian and the Yuezhi people
C. The importance of the Silk Road
D. The history of the Han Dynasty
4. The writer would most probably talk about
A. how the Xiongnu people were beaten back
B. why people did business along the Silk Road
C. what Zhang Qian did in the rest of his lifetime
D. how the Silk Road made a difference to the cultural exchange
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:历史人物 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★★
The ancient Silk Road was a once-in-a-lifetime journey. It was one of the most important milestones(里程碑) of trade and culture in world history, and the pioneer, Zhang Qian, could not be easily forgotten by history. He was a great diplomat(外交官), traveller and explorer in the Han Dynasty of China.
In 138 B. C. , Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yuezhi people to fight against the Xiongnu. He started his trip from Chang'an. But unluckily, Zhang was caught by the Xiongnu people just as he left Han, and was held prisoner(囚犯) for about ten years.
Zhang finally managed to run away with some of his men and continued to travel west. When Zhang at last reached the Yuezhi, he was sad to find that they didn't want to fight against the Xiongnu people. On the return journey, Zhang Qian and his men were caught again. It was not until 126 B. C. that they returned to Chang'an.
Though Zhang hadn't finished his task, he brought back first-hand information about Central Asia. The paths Zhang Qian explored later served as the highways connecting Europe, the Middle East, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, and East Asia. Commodities(商品) have been transported along this network of highways, which has been known as the "Silk Road" since the 19th century. Zhang Qian has been remembered as the great explorer that opened up a new era(时代) of cultural exchange between the East and the West.
1. What does the underlined word "alliance" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. A long journey to a faraway place.
B. A secret plan to run away.
C. An agreement to work together.
D. An introduction to each other.
2. What kind of person is Zhang Qian?
A. Careful and creative.
B. Energetic and active.
C. Proud and open-minded.
D. Brave and strong-minded.
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Zhang Qian and the Silk Road
B. Zhang Qian and the Yuezhi people
C. The importance of the Silk Road
D. The history of the Han Dynasty
4. The writer would most probably talk about
D
after Paragraph 4.A. how the Xiongnu people were beaten back
B. why people did business along the Silk Road
C. what Zhang Qian did in the rest of his lifetime
D. how the Silk Road made a difference to the cultural exchange
答案：1. C 词义猜测题。根据张骞被派去与大月氏联合对抗匈奴可推断，alliance 意为“结盟”，与 an agreement to work together 意思相近。
2. D 推理判断题。张骞被匈奴扣留仍坚持使命、两次被俘不放弃，体现其意志坚定、不畏艰难的品质。
3. A 标题概括题。文章围绕张骞出使西域及丝绸之路的贡献展开，A项适合作为本文的标题。
4. D 推理判断题。第四段提及张骞开启了东西方文化交流的新时代，下文最可能介绍丝绸之路对文化交流的具体影响。
2. D 推理判断题。张骞被匈奴扣留仍坚持使命、两次被俘不放弃，体现其意志坚定、不畏艰难的品质。
3. A 标题概括题。文章围绕张骞出使西域及丝绸之路的贡献展开，A项适合作为本文的标题。
4. D 推理判断题。第四段提及张骞开启了东西方文化交流的新时代，下文最可能介绍丝绸之路对文化交流的具体影响。
解析：
【分析】
解答本题需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题定位原文信息分析：1. 词义猜测题需结合alliance所在句的语境（张骞出使月氏的目的是联合对抗匈奴）推断词义；2. 人物判断题需梳理张骞的经历（两次被俘仍坚持使命）提炼其品质；3. 标题概括题需围绕全文核心内容（张骞与丝绸之路的关联）选择；4. 下文推断题需结合第四段结尾提及的“东西方文化交流新时代”推导后续内容。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段“Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yuezhi people to fight against the Xiongnu”，可知张骞出使月氏的目的是联合对抗匈奴，故alliance意为“合作协议”，对应C选项。
2. 推理判断题：文中张骞两次被匈奴扣留，仍坚持完成出使任务并带回中亚信息，体现其勇敢且意志坚定的品质，对应D选项。
3. 标题概括题：全文围绕张骞出使西域的经历及他开辟丝绸之路的贡献展开，核心是张骞与丝绸之路的关联，A选项最贴合主旨。
4. 推理判断题：第四段结尾提到张骞“opened up a new era of cultural exchange between the East and the West”，按照逻辑，下文会进一步说明丝绸之路对文化交流的具体影响，对应D选项。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本题为跨学科的英语阅读理解题，融合历史人物张骞的事迹，考查学生的词义猜测、主旨概括及逻辑推理能力，难度适中，兼顾语言能力考查与历史文化渗透。
【难度系数】
0.5
解答本题需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题定位原文信息分析：1. 词义猜测题需结合alliance所在句的语境（张骞出使月氏的目的是联合对抗匈奴）推断词义；2. 人物判断题需梳理张骞的经历（两次被俘仍坚持使命）提炼其品质；3. 标题概括题需围绕全文核心内容（张骞与丝绸之路的关联）选择；4. 下文推断题需结合第四段结尾提及的“东西方文化交流新时代”推导后续内容。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段“Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yuezhi people to fight against the Xiongnu”，可知张骞出使月氏的目的是联合对抗匈奴，故alliance意为“合作协议”，对应C选项。
2. 推理判断题：文中张骞两次被匈奴扣留，仍坚持完成出使任务并带回中亚信息，体现其勇敢且意志坚定的品质，对应D选项。
3. 标题概括题：全文围绕张骞出使西域的经历及他开辟丝绸之路的贡献展开，核心是张骞与丝绸之路的关联，A选项最贴合主旨。
4. 推理判断题：第四段结尾提到张骞“opened up a new era of cultural exchange between the East and the West”，按照逻辑，下文会进一步说明丝绸之路对文化交流的具体影响，对应D选项。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本题为跨学科的英语阅读理解题，融合历史人物张骞的事迹，考查学生的词义猜测、主旨概括及逻辑推理能力，难度适中，兼顾语言能力考查与历史文化渗透。
【难度系数】
0.5