B
They say that “travel is the best teacher”. And there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake(1587－1641). His book The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake not only encouraged the love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country’s land and geography.
Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. Later, Xu’s father died. It seemed that his travelling dreams died too. He was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his mother as tradition required.
But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her son’s love for travelling, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.
So in his twenties and with his mother’s support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind his mother and his new wife. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming Kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary which once had over 2,600,000 words would eventually become The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake.
Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, going almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived.
However, his willingness to face hardships came at a cost. Progress was slow and tiring. He was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys.
Sadly, Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.
(
A. Strict but interesting.
B. Kind but uneducated.
C. Helpful and hard-working.
D. Supportive and open-minded.
(
A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.
B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.
C. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail.
D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in.
(
A. It was only made public after Xu died.
B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime.
C. It was the first travel book ever written in China.
D. It was mainly about the different people of China.
(
a. He went on his first journey.
b. His book was finally printed.
c. He returned to his hometown for the last time.
d. He developed an interest in books about other places.
e. He started managing the family farm after his father died.
A. a-e-d-c-b
B. d-e-a-c-b
C. d-e-a-b-c
D. e-d-a-b-c
(
A. The general details of Xu Xiake’s life story.
B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels.
C. The important discoveries made by Xu Xiake.
D. The influence of Xu’s book The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake.
They say that “travel is the best teacher”. And there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake(1587－1641). His book The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake not only encouraged the love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country’s land and geography.
Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. Later, Xu’s father died. It seemed that his travelling dreams died too. He was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his mother as tradition required.
But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her son’s love for travelling, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.
So in his twenties and with his mother’s support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind his mother and his new wife. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming Kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary which once had over 2,600,000 words would eventually become The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake.
Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, going almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived.
However, his willingness to face hardships came at a cost. Progress was slow and tiring. He was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys.
Sadly, Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.
(
D
)6. Which of the following best describes Xu’s mother?A. Strict but interesting.
B. Kind but uneducated.
C. Helpful and hard-working.
D. Supportive and open-minded.
(
C
)7. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels?A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.
B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.
C. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail.
D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in.
(
A
)8. Which is true about The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake according to the passage?A. It was only made public after Xu died.
B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime.
C. It was the first travel book ever written in China.
D. It was mainly about the different people of China.
(
B
)9.（创新考法·信息排序）What is the correct order of the following events in Xu’s life?a. He went on his first journey.
b. His book was finally printed.
c. He returned to his hometown for the last time.
d. He developed an interest in books about other places.
e. He started managing the family farm after his father died.
A. a-e-d-c-b
B. d-e-a-c-b
C. d-e-a-b-c
D. e-d-a-b-c
(
A
)10. What is the passage mainly about?A. The general details of Xu Xiake’s life story.
B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels.
C. The important discoveries made by Xu Xiake.
D. The influence of Xu’s book The Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake.
答案：6. D 推理判断题。由第三段可知，母亲理解儿子、不束缚他、允许他每年出游三个月，说明她思想开明，支持自己的儿子。
7~8. CA
9. B 信息排序题。阅读全文可知事件排序：d.年少对各地书籍产生兴趣→e.父亲去世，打理家业→a.第一次外出游历→c.最后一次返乡→b.书籍最终出版。
10. A 主旨大意题。文章整体介绍徐霞客的生平：年少爱好游历、母亲支持他、三十年徒步旅行、撰写游记、晚年病逝、书籍后世流传。
7~8. CA
9. B 信息排序题。阅读全文可知事件排序：d.年少对各地书籍产生兴趣→e.父亲去世，打理家业→a.第一次外出游历→c.最后一次返乡→b.书籍最终出版。
10. A 主旨大意题。文章整体介绍徐霞客的生平：年少爱好游历、母亲支持他、三十年徒步旅行、撰写游记、晚年病逝、书籍后世流传。
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，围绕徐霞客的生平事迹设置了细节理解、推理判断、信息排序、主旨大意四类题型。解题时需先通读全文把握文章脉络，再针对各题关键词定位原文对应内容，逐一分析选项，排除与原文不符的错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
6. 推理判断题：定位原文第三段，徐霞客的母亲理解儿子对旅行的热爱，拒绝束缚他，允许他每年出游三个月，体现出她思想开明且支持儿子的选择，故选D。
7. 细节理解题：定位原文第五段，徐霞客选择步行旅行是为了能详细研究环境，获得对自然世界的真实认知，故选C。
8. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段，徐霞客去世后多年他的日记才被印刷，故选A。
9. 信息排序题：梳理原文事件顺序：d（年少时对各地书籍产生兴趣）→e（父亲去世后开始打理家庭农场）→a（第一次外出游历）→c（最后一次返回故乡）→b（他的书最终被印刷），对应选项B。
10. 主旨大意题：文章整体介绍了徐霞客的生平经历，包括年少爱好、母亲支持、旅行经历、撰写游记、病逝及书籍流传等内容，故选A。
【答案】6.D 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】本题是人物传记类英语阅读理解，考查学生对文章细节的定位、逻辑推理、事件排序及主旨归纳能力，题型常规，需学生仔细阅读原文，找准对应信息即可解答。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
6. 推理判断题：定位原文第三段，徐霞客的母亲理解儿子对旅行的热爱，拒绝束缚他，允许他每年出游三个月，体现出她思想开明且支持儿子的选择，故选D。
7. 细节理解题：定位原文第五段，徐霞客选择步行旅行是为了能详细研究环境，获得对自然世界的真实认知，故选C。
8. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段，徐霞客去世后多年他的日记才被印刷，故选A。
9. 信息排序题：梳理原文事件顺序：d（年少时对各地书籍产生兴趣）→e（父亲去世后开始打理家庭农场）→a（第一次外出游历）→c（最后一次返回故乡）→b（他的书最终被印刷），对应选项B。
10. 主旨大意题：文章整体介绍了徐霞客的生平经历，包括年少爱好、母亲支持、旅行经历、撰写游记、病逝及书籍流传等内容，故选A。
【答案】6.D 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】本题是人物传记类英语阅读理解，考查学生对文章细节的定位、逻辑推理、事件排序及主旨归纳能力，题型常规，需学生仔细阅读原文，找准对应信息即可解答。
【难度系数】0.6