零五网 全部参考答案 启东中学作业本 2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语上册译林版连云港专版 第160页解析答案
一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I am
excited
(excite) to hear the true story.
2. I told myself
to calm
(calm) down after the earthquake.
3. Suddenly, I heard a girl
shouting
(shout) for help.
4. (2025·江苏无锡期末)The children
were doing
(do) their homework when the power went out.
5. In the car accident, only one person stayed
alive
(live). The others were all dead.
答案:1. excited 2. to calm 3. shouting 4. were doing 5. alive
解析:
【分析】
1. 第一题:主语是人,需用-ed结尾的形容词修饰人的感受,excite的-ed形式为excited,符合语境。
2. 第二题:固定搭配tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”,此处需用动词不定式结构。
3. 第三题:hear sb doing sth是固定结构,强调听到动作正在进行,需用动名词形式。
4. 第四题:when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作,需用过去进行时,主语children为复数,对应be动词用were。
5. 第五题:stay是系动词,后接形容词作表语,live的形容词形式alive表示“活着的”,符合语境。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词辨析:修饰人感受用excited(exciting修饰事物),主语为I,故填excited。
2. 考查固定搭配:tell sb to do sth是固定用法,此处填to calm。
3. 考查非谓语动词:hear sb doing sth强调动作正在发生,故填shouting。
4. 考查过去进行时:when引导一般过去时从句,主句用过去进行时,主语children为复数,故填were doing。
5. 考查形容词:stay为系动词,后接形容词,live的形容词形式为alive,故填alive。
【答案】
1. excited 2. to calm 3. shouting 4. were doing 5. alive
【知识点】
形容词用法、固定搭配、过去进行时
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型,考查词汇词形转换与核心语法结构,涵盖形容词辨析、固定短语及时态运用,是初中英语的重点基础内容,需熟练掌握相关知识点。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
put out run out lucky trap start the big fire in all directions
at first smoke lose the match happen to
1. We are sorry to hear your school football team
lost the match
.
2. Please read the story and find out what
happened to
the earthquake survivors.
3. Firefighters managed
to put out
the fire.
4. When I was standing there, a boy
ran out
of the house.
5. After the parade ended, the crowd walked away
in all directions
.
6.
At first
, there was only a little trouble, but soon things became worse.
7.
Luckily
, I heard the noise above me and saw the bright light.
8. I
was trapped
and couldn't see anything at all.
9. The
smoke
from the factory chimney polluted the air.
10. The police are trying their best to find out who
started the big fire
in the forest.
答案:1. lost the match 2. happened to 3. to put out 4. ran out 5. in all directions 6. At first 7. Luckily 8. was trapped 9. smoke 10. started the big fire
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题,解题思路如下:①先明确方框内所有词/短语的词义及形式;②通读每个句子,理解句意,分析句子所需成分(词性、时态、语态等);③结合“每个词/短语仅用一次”的要求,匹配对应内容并调整为正确形式(如时态、非谓语、词性转换等)。
【解析】
1. 句意:很遗憾听到你们学校足球队输了比赛。固定搭配lose the match,结合语境用一般过去时,故填lost the match。
2. 句意:请读这个故事,找出地震幸存者发生了什么事。固定搭配happen to sb.(某人发生某事),结合语境用一般过去时,故填happened to。
3. 句意:消防员设法扑灭了火。固定搭配manage to do sth.(设法做某事),put out意为“扑灭”,故填to put out。
4. 句意:当我站在那里时,一个男孩从房子里跑出来。固定搭配run out of(从……跑出),结合语境用一般过去时,故填ran out。
5. 句意:游行结束后,人群向四面八方散开。固定短语in all directions(四面八方),符合句意,故填in all directions。
6. 句意:起初,只有一点麻烦,但很快情况变得更糟。固定短语at first(起初),句首首字母大写,故填At first。
7. 句意:幸运的是,我听到上方的噪音,看到亮光。此处需副词修饰整个句子,lucky的副词形式为luckily,句首首字母大写,故填Luckily。
8. 句意:我被困住了,完全看不见。主语I与trap是被动关系,结合语境用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was trapped。
9. 句意:工厂烟囱的烟污染了空气。此处需名词,smoke作名词意为“烟”,符合句意,故填smoke。
10. 句意:警察正在尽力查明谁在森林里引发了大火。固定搭配start the big fire(引发大火),结合语境用一般过去时,故填started the big fire。
【答案】
1. lost the match
2. happened to
3. to put out
4. ran out
5. in all directions
6. At first
7. Luckily
8. was trapped
9. smoke
10. started the big fire
【知识点】
动词短语运用、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础知识点的运用,侧重选词时对句意、固定搭配及语法形式(时态、语态、词性)的把握,需注意每个词/短语仅用一次,是常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
C
)1.(2025·江苏南通启东期末)The fire was spotted at about 3:30 p. m. local time on Tuesday and was
put out
three hours later.

A.put in
B.put off
C.put out
D.put up
答案:1. C 【点拨】put in 安装;put off 推迟;put out 扑灭;put up 张贴,搭建。火灾被发现三小时后被扑灭,put out 符合语境。故选C。
解析:
【分析】本题考查动词短语的辨析,解题思路为:先逐一明确各选项中“put”构成的短语含义,再结合句子语境(火灾被发现后的结果),选择符合逻辑的短语。
【解析】逐个分析选项:A项put in意为“安装;提交”;B项put off意为“推迟”;C项put out意为“扑灭(火灾等)”;D项put up意为“张贴;搭建;举起”。句子描述火灾被发现三小时后的状态,结合常识,火灾应被扑灭,因此put out符合语境,故选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析;语境理解
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析,需结合具体语境判断短语含义,属于基础题型,侧重基础知识的积累与运用。
【难度系数】0.8
(
D
)2. They waited and waited, and
at last
he came back.

A.at once
B.at first
C.at least
D.at last
答案:2. D 【点拨】句意:他们等啊等,最后他回来了。at last 最后。故选D。
解析:
【分析】本题考查介词短语的词义辨析,解题时需先明确各选项短语的含义,再结合句子语境判断合适的短语。句子中“waited and waited”体现了等待的过程,空格处需要表达“最后”的意思,据此筛选选项。
【解析】各选项短语含义:A.at once意为“立刻,马上”;B.at first意为“起初,一开始”;C.at least意为“至少”;D.at last意为“最后,终于”。结合语境“他们等啊等,______他回来了”,等待的过程对应“最后”的结果,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】介词短语辨析;词义辨析
【点评】本题为基础的短语词义辨析题,需掌握常用介词短语的含义,结合语境即可选出正确答案,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
( )3. At the beginning of the exam, it was hard for me to calm down. I could feel my heart ______ fast.

A.shaking
B.beating
C.jumping
D.running
答案:3. B 【点拨】空处所在句句意:我能感觉到心跳得很快。beat(使)规律作响或运动。故选B。
解析:
【分析】
本题考查动词词义辨析,解题思路为:先理解句子语境,再分析各选项动词的含义,结合“心跳”的固定搭配确定答案。句子表达考试开始时难以冷静,能感觉到心脏快速跳动,需选出符合“心脏跳动”含义的动词。
【解析】
句子翻译:考试开始时,我很难冷静下来,我能感觉到我的心跳得很快。逐一分析选项:A选项shaking意为“摇晃、震动”,多指物体的晃动;B选项beating可表示心脏、脉搏等规律跳动,“心跳”的固定表达为heart beat;C选项jumping意为“跳跃”,多指人或动物的肢体跳跃;D选项running意为“跑、运转”,不符合语境。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合语境考查动词的词义及常用搭配,需准确掌握不同动词的适用场景,尤其是表示心脏跳动的固定表达,属于基础词义辨析题。
【难度系数】
0.4
(
C
)4. Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off
in
all directions.

A.on
B.at
C.in
D.by
答案:4. C 【点拨】句意:由于被巨大的响声吓到了,兔子们向四面八方跑去。in all directions 向四面八方。故选C。
解析:
【分析】
这道题考查介词的固定搭配,解题时需结合句子含义,回忆表示“向四面八方”的固定短语,再匹配对应介词。句子意思是兔子被巨响吓到后向四面八方跑去,要找能和all directions构成正确搭配的介词。
【解析】
本题考查固定短语搭配。“in all directions”是英语中固定表达,意为“向四面八方”,符合句子语境。A选项on(在……上)、B选项at(在……)、D选项by(通过;被)均无法与all directions构成正确搭配,因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
介词的固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础题,侧重考查常用固定介词短语的积累,解题时结合语境和固定搭配即可快速选出答案,需学生平时注重短语的识记。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
C
)5. —I'm sorry that I shouted at you this morning.
Never mind
, but please don't get angry so often.

A.No way
B.My pleasure
C.Never mind
D.With pleasure
答案:5. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,空处是回答上句的道歉。Never mind 符合语境。故选C。
解析:
【分析】本题为情景交际题,需结合上句的道歉语境,明确各选项用语的含义及适用场景,从而选出正确的回应表达。
【解析】上句是道歉(“我很抱歉今天早上对你大喊大叫”),下句需回应道歉。逐一分析选项:A选项No way意为“没门、不可能”,不符合回应道歉的语境;B选项My pleasure用于回答感谢,意为“不客气”,不适合回应道歉;C选项Never mind意为“没关系”,是回应道歉的常用表达,契合语境;D选项With pleasure用于回答请求,意为“乐意效劳”,不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际用语
【点评】本题考查日常交际用语的运用,核心是掌握回应道歉的常用表达,属于基础题型,熟悉常见交际用语的用法即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
四、词语运用。
根据短文内容和首字母提示,在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages in New Territories, destroying(摧毁) fourteen h 1. Seven others were so badly damaged(破坏) that their owners had to l 2 them, and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs(屋顶). One person was killed, several were b 3 hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people were hurt too. Over two hundred people were h 4 after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm b 5 early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. "I was e 6 with my wife and children when the storm came," he said. "A few minutes later, our house fell down. We tried our best to c 7 out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back and found him, safe but scared."
Mrs Wu said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at o 8 with her children. "There was no time to take anything," she said. "A few minutes later, the roof c 9 down."
Soldiers(士兵们) helped to take people to the safe place and brought them food, clothes and w 10.
1.
houses
2.
leave
3.
badly
4.
homeless
5.
began

6.
eating
7.
climb
8.
once
9.
came
10.
water

答案:1. houses 2. leave 3. badly 4. homeless 5. began 6. eating 7. climb 8. once 9. came 10. water
解析:
【分析】
这是一道首字母填空题,解题思路为:首先通读全文,理解短文讲述的“上周周五风暴袭击村庄及灾后情况”的大意;接着针对每个空格,结合空格前后的语境、语法要求(如时态、词性、单复数)以及给出的首字母提示,匹配合适的单词;最后检查单词是否符合上下文逻辑和语法规则。
【解析】
1. 空格前是数词fourteen,后接可数名词复数,结合前文“storm destroyed(摧毁)”及首字母h,可知填houses(房屋);
2. 空格前是had to(不得不),后接动词原形,结合前文“Seven others were so badly damaged(其他7个房屋损坏严重)”及首字母l,可知填leave(离开);
3. 空格修饰动词hurt(受伤),需用副词,结合语境“several were hurt(几个人受伤)”及首字母b,可知填badly(严重地);
4. 空格描述风暴后人们的状态,结合语境及首字母h,可知填homeless(无家可归的);
5. 短文讲述的是过去的事,此处表示“风暴早上开始”,需用动词过去式,结合首字母b,可知填began(开始);
6. 此处是过去进行时(was + 现在分词),结合语境“我当时和妻儿在做某事”及首字母e,可知填eating(吃);
7. 空格前是try one's best to(尽力做某事),后接动词原形,结合语境“从倒塌的房子里出来”及首字母c,可知填climb(爬);
8. 固定短语at once(立刻),结合语境“立刻跑出去”及首字母o,可知填once;
9. 此处表示“屋顶塌下来”,需用动词过去式,结合首字母c,可知填came(come down的过去式,意为倒塌);
10. 空格与food、clothes并列,是士兵提供的物资,结合首字母w,可知填water(水)。
【答案】
1. houses 2. leave 3. badly 4. homeless 5. began 6. eating 7. climb 8. once 9. came 10. water
【知识点】
首字母填空、一般过去时、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题考查首字母填空,侧重考查学生对短文语境的理解、基础词汇的掌握及语法的运用,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
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