【分析】本题为英汉短语互译题，解题思路是：针对每个中文短语，结合所学英语的固定搭配、名词单复数、介词用法等，准确匹配对应的英文表达，确保翻译符合英语常用表达习惯，如复数名词的使用、固定短语结构等。
【解析】1. 珊瑚礁 → coral reefs；2. 北极熊和企鹅 → polar bears and penguins；3. 位于沙漠和森林之间 → lie between deserts and forests；4. 昼夜温差 → the difference in temperature between day and night；5. 包括所有生物和非生物 → include all the living and non-living things；6. 小池塘 → small ponds；7. 恶劣的气候 → the awful climate；8. 保持A和B之间的平衡 → keep the balance between A and B；9. 地球上一个非常大的生态系统 → a very large ecosystem on earth；10. 覆盖地球表面约71% → cover around 71% of the earth's surface；11. 扮演一个角色 → have a role to play；12. 容纳大量盐水 → hold plenty of salt water；13. 回到大海 → return to the ocean；14. 持续不断 → go on and on；15. 地球的“心脏” → the “heart” of the earth；16. 帮助消除污染 → help get rid of pollution；17. 防洪 → prevent floods；18. 产生氧气 → produce oxygen；19. 像巨大的海绵一样储存水 → store water like giant sponges；20. 承担地球“肾脏”的功能 → act like the “kidneys” of the earth；21. 占地球陆地面积的近三分之一 → make up/cover nearly a third of the earth's land area；22. 从空气中吸收二氧化碳 → take in carbon dioxide from the air；23. 把有害物质吸收进它们的叶子里 → trap harmful things in their leaves；24. 供养数百万植物和动物 → support millions of plants and animals；25. 减缓气候变化 → slow down climate change；26. 数百万吨塑料 → millions of tons of plastic；27. 破坏海洋生态系统的平衡 → harm the balance of the ocean ecosystem；28. 为当地野生动物建造更好的家园 → build a better home for local wildlife；29. 本课的主题 → the topic of this class；30. 不少沙漠植物 → quite a few desert plants；31. 温暖、明亮、嘈杂 → warm, bright and noisy；32. 导致珊瑚缓慢死亡 → cause corals to die slowly；33. 地球上最大的珊瑚礁系统 → the largest reef system on earth；34. 严重破坏海洋环境 → greatly damage the ocean's environment；35. 世界上最重要的湿地之一 → one of the world's most important wetlands；36. 为许多野生动物提供食物和庇护所 → provide food and cover for a lot of wildlife；37. 在中国东北 → in the north-east of China；38. 一些珍稀鸟类 → some rare birds；39. 短暂停留 → for a short stay；40. 在白天 → in the daytime；41. 为了有更多的空间用于农场和建筑 → in order to have more space for farms and buildings；42. 导致野生动物生存空间减少 → lead to less space for wildlife；43. 减少参观湿地的游客数量 → reduce the number of tourists visiting wetlands；44. 创建盐城自然保护区 → create Yancheng Nature Reserve；45. 制定法律 → create/make laws；46. 建立 → set up；47. 使湿地免受污染 → keep wetlands free from pollution；48. 保持生态系统平衡 → keep the ecosystem balanced；49. 破坏森林中的生态系统 → damage the ecosystem in forests；50. 你说得对！ → You said it!；51. 教育和知识 → education and knowledge；52. 来自工厂和房屋的废水 → wastewater from factories and houses；53. 环保产品 → environment-friendly products；54. 清理海滩 → clean up the beach；55. 给我们提供食物 → provide us with food；56. 杀死海洋生物 → kill sea life；57. 解决问题 → solve the problems；58. 加入环保团体 → join an environmental group
【答案】1. 珊瑚礁 coral reefs
2. 北极熊和企鹅 polar bears and penguins
3. 位于沙漠和森林之间 lie between deserts and forests
4. 昼夜温差 the difference in temperature between day and night
5. 包括所有生物和非生物 include all the living and non-living things
6. 小池塘 small ponds
7. 恶劣的气候 the awful climate
8. 保持 A 和 B 之间的平衡 keep the balance between A and B
9. 地球上一个非常大的生态系统 a very large ecosystem on earth
10. 覆盖地球表面约 71% cover around 71% of the earth's surface
11. 扮演一个角色 have a role to play
12. 容纳大量盐水 hold plenty of salt water
13. 回到大海 return to the ocean
14. 持续不断 go on and on
15. 地球的“心脏” the “heart” of the earth
16. 帮助消除污染 help get rid of pollution
17. 防洪 prevent floods
18. 产生氧气 produce oxygen
19. 像巨大的海绵一样储存水 store water like giant sponges
20. 承担地球“肾脏”的功能 act like the “kidneys” of the earth
21. 占地球陆地面积的近三分之一 make up/cover nearly a third of the earth's land area
22. 从空气中吸收二氧化碳 take in carbon dioxide from the air
23. 把有害物质吸收进它们的叶子里 trap harmful things in their leaves
24. 供养数百万植物和动物 support millions of plants and animals
25. 减缓气候变化 slow down climate change
26. 数百万吨塑料 millions of tons of plastic
27. 破坏海洋生态系统的平衡 harm the balance of the ocean ecosystem
28. 为当地野生动物建造更好的家园 build a better home for local wildlife
29. 本课的主题 the topic of this class
30. 不少沙漠植物 quite a few desert plants
31. 温暖、明亮、嘈杂 warm, bright and noisy
32. 导致珊瑚缓慢死亡 cause corals to die slowly
33. 地球上最大的珊瑚礁系统 the largest reef system on earth
34. 严重破坏海洋环境 greatly damage the ocean's environment
35. 世界上最重要的湿地之一 one of the world's most important wetlands
36. 为许多野生动物提供食物和庇护所 provide food and cover for a lot of wildlife
37. 在中国东北 in the north-east of China
38. 一些珍稀鸟类 some rare birds
39. 短暂停留 for a short stay
40. 在白天 in the daytime
41. 为了有更多的空间用于农场和建筑 in order to have more space for farms and buildings
42. 导致野生动物生存空间减少 lead to less space for wildlife
43. 减少参观湿地的游客数量 reduce the number of tourists visiting wetlands
44. 创建盐城自然保护区 create Yancheng Nature Reserve
45. 制定法律 create/make laws
46. 建立 set up
47. 使湿地免受污染 keep wetlands free from pollution
48. 保持生态系统平衡 keep the ecosystem balanced
49. 破坏森林中的生态系统 damage the ecosystem in forests
50. 你说得对！You said it!
51. 教育和知识 education and knowledge
52. 来自工厂和房屋的废水 wastewater from factories and houses
53. 环保产品 environment-friendly products
54. 清理海滩 clean up the beach
55. 给我们提供食物 provide us with food
56. 杀死海洋生物 kill sea life
57. 解决问题 solve the problems
58. 加入环保团体 join an environmental group
【知识点】英汉短语互译、固定搭配
【点评】本题是基础的英汉短语互译练习，考查常用英语短语的掌握情况，涉及环保相关词汇，贴近生活，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3