四、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 在愚人节捉弄别人是个传统。
Playing tricks on
2. 马克努力学习，希望能考上理想的大学。
Mark studies hard
3. (2025·南京市联合体期末)然而，他们也需要克服很多困难。
However, they also need to
4. (2025·无锡市江阴期末)那位设计师说，他的设计不一定是完美的，但一定充满了惊喜。
The designer says that his design is not perfect but it must
5. (2025·淮安市期末)杰克喜欢读各种各样的书，例如与历史和文化相关的书。
Jack likes reading
1. 在愚人节捉弄别人是个传统。
Playing tricks on
others
is a tradition
on
April Fool's Day.2. 马克努力学习，希望能考上理想的大学。
Mark studies hard
in
the
hope
of
going to his dream university.3. (2025·南京市联合体期末)然而，他们也需要克服很多困难。
However, they also need to
get
over
lots of difficulties.4. (2025·无锡市江阴期末)那位设计师说，他的设计不一定是完美的，但一定充满了惊喜。
The designer says that his design is not perfect but it must
be
full
of/filled with
surprises.5. (2025·淮安市期末)杰克喜欢读各种各样的书，例如与历史和文化相关的书。
Jack likes reading
all
kinds
of
books, such
as
books about history and culture.答案：1. others, tradition on 2. in the hope of 3. get over 4. be full of/filled with 5. all kinds of, such as
解析：
【分析】
本题为根据汉语提示完成英语句子的题型，解题思路为：先明确每个句子的汉语语义，再结合英语的固定短语、常用搭配、介词用法等知识点，匹配对应的英语表达填入空缺，确保句子语法正确、语义通顺。
【解析】
1. “捉弄别人”的固定英语表达为play tricks on others，“传统”对应名词tradition，具体日期前需用介词on，故依次填others, tradition on；
2. “希望做某事（后接动名词）”的固定短语为in the hope of，符合“going to his dream university”的结构，故填in the hope of；
3. “克服困难”的动词短语为get over，need to后接动词原形，故填get over；
4. “充满”的固定表达为be full of或filled with，情态动词must后接动词原形，故填be full of/filled with；
5. “各种各样的”对应all kinds of，用于列举同类事物的“例如”对应such as，故依次填all kinds of, such as。
【答案】
1. others, tradition on 2. in the hope of 3. get over 4. be full of/filled with 5. all kinds of, such as
【知识点】
英语固定短语、介词搭配、动词短语
【点评】
本题考查英语基础固定搭配的运用，是英语学习的核心基础内容，需学生积累常用短语并结合语境灵活使用。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为根据汉语提示完成英语句子的题型，解题思路为：先明确每个句子的汉语语义，再结合英语的固定短语、常用搭配、介词用法等知识点，匹配对应的英语表达填入空缺，确保句子语法正确、语义通顺。
【解析】
1. “捉弄别人”的固定英语表达为play tricks on others，“传统”对应名词tradition，具体日期前需用介词on，故依次填others, tradition on；
2. “希望做某事（后接动名词）”的固定短语为in the hope of，符合“going to his dream university”的结构，故填in the hope of；
3. “克服困难”的动词短语为get over，need to后接动词原形，故填get over；
4. “充满”的固定表达为be full of或filled with，情态动词must后接动词原形，故填be full of/filled with；
5. “各种各样的”对应all kinds of，用于列举同类事物的“例如”对应such as，故依次填all kinds of, such as。
【答案】
1. others, tradition on 2. in the hope of 3. get over 4. be full of/filled with 5. all kinds of, such as
【知识点】
英语固定短语、介词搭配、动词短语
【点评】
本题考查英语基础固定搭配的运用，是英语学习的核心基础内容，需学生积累常用短语并结合语境灵活使用。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、阅读理解。
新素材 人文地理 Different countries celebrate New Year in different ways, and sometimes on different calendar(历法) days.
In Western countries, people celebrate on the night of December 31st. They go to parties and drink. When the new year comes, people cheer and wish each other happiness. Some people get up early to watch the first sunrise(日出) of the new year. They welcome the new year with its first light.
Many cultures also have special ways to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. People may throw things into rivers or seas, or say special things. In Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. At midnight, they burn it. This means the bad things from the past year go away, and the new year can start again.
There are also traditions to bring good luck. In Spain, people eat grapes for good luck. They believe eating more grapes brings more luck. In France, people eat pancakes. In America, some people eat black-eyed peas. But to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them.
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Why Western people go to parties and drink.
B. Why Western people watch the first sunrise.
C. How Western people welcome the new year.
D. How Western people wish each other happiness.
2. What does the underlined phrase "get rid of" mean in the passage?
A. Make something stay.
B. Make something go away.
C. Make something start.
D. Make something come back.
3. Why does the writer speak of three foods in Spain, France and America?
A. To show different foods for good luck.
B. To tell which country has the best food.
C. To introduce the delicious food people like.
D. To teach how to make food from other countries.
新素材 人文地理 Different countries celebrate New Year in different ways, and sometimes on different calendar(历法) days.
In Western countries, people celebrate on the night of December 31st. They go to parties and drink. When the new year comes, people cheer and wish each other happiness. Some people get up early to watch the first sunrise(日出) of the new year. They welcome the new year with its first light.
Many cultures also have special ways to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. People may throw things into rivers or seas, or say special things. In Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. At midnight, they burn it. This means the bad things from the past year go away, and the new year can start again.
There are also traditions to bring good luck. In Spain, people eat grapes for good luck. They believe eating more grapes brings more luck. In France, people eat pancakes. In America, some people eat black-eyed peas. But to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them.
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Why Western people go to parties and drink.
B. Why Western people watch the first sunrise.
C. How Western people welcome the new year.
D. How Western people wish each other happiness.
2. What does the underlined phrase "get rid of" mean in the passage?
A. Make something stay.
B. Make something go away.
C. Make something start.
D. Make something come back.
3. Why does the writer speak of three foods in Spain, France and America?
A. To show different foods for good luck.
B. To tell which country has the best food.
C. To introduce the delicious food people like.
D. To teach how to make food from other countries.
答案：1. C 【解析】根据第二段内容可知,该段主要讲述了西方国家的人如何迎接新年。
2. B 【解析】根据画线短语所在句“Many cultures also have special ways to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year.”可知,许多文化在新年伊始也有驱除厄运的特殊方式。“get rid of bad luck”指把厄运驱除,B项“让某物远离”符合此句的语境。
3. A 【解析】根据最后一段内容可知,作者提到三个国家的三种食物是为了展示在这三个国家的文化中,吃这三种食物会带来好运。
2. B 【解析】根据画线短语所在句“Many cultures also have special ways to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year.”可知,许多文化在新年伊始也有驱除厄运的特殊方式。“get rid of bad luck”指把厄运驱除,B项“让某物远离”符合此句的语境。
3. A 【解析】根据最后一段内容可知,作者提到三个国家的三种食物是为了展示在这三个国家的文化中,吃这三种食物会带来好运。
解析：
【分析】
第1题是段落主旨题，需通读第二段梳理核心内容，判断选项是否贴合段落主要讲述的西方国家迎接新年的方式；第2题是词义猜测题，要结合画线短语所在句的语境及后文举例的驱除厄运的行为，推断短语含义；第3题是细节目的题，需定位到最后一段，明确该段围绕“带来好运的传统”展开，进而判断作者举三个国家食物的目的。
【解析】
1. 通读第二段可知，内容围绕西方国家在12月31日晚的庆祝活动（参加派对、迎接日出等），核心是他们如何迎接新年，对应选项C。A、B、D均为段落中的部分细节，非主旨，故排除。
2. 画线短语所在句意为“许多文化有特殊方式在新年伊始______厄运”，后文举例厄瓜多尔烧掉旧娃娃来送走过去的坏事，可知“get rid of”意为“驱除、使某物消失”，对应选项B。
3. 最后一段主题是“带来好运的传统”，作者提到西班牙吃葡萄、法国吃煎饼、美国吃黑眼豆，都是为了展示不同国家带来好运的食物，对应选项A。B、C、D均与段落主题无关，排除。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A
【知识点】
阅读理解（主旨大意）、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为人文地理类阅读理解题，考查学生对段落主旨、词义猜测及细节目的的理解，题型常规，难度适中，需学生结合上下文准确分析。
【难度系数】
0.7
第1题是段落主旨题，需通读第二段梳理核心内容，判断选项是否贴合段落主要讲述的西方国家迎接新年的方式；第2题是词义猜测题，要结合画线短语所在句的语境及后文举例的驱除厄运的行为，推断短语含义；第3题是细节目的题，需定位到最后一段，明确该段围绕“带来好运的传统”展开，进而判断作者举三个国家食物的目的。
【解析】
1. 通读第二段可知，内容围绕西方国家在12月31日晚的庆祝活动（参加派对、迎接日出等），核心是他们如何迎接新年，对应选项C。A、B、D均为段落中的部分细节，非主旨，故排除。
2. 画线短语所在句意为“许多文化有特殊方式在新年伊始______厄运”，后文举例厄瓜多尔烧掉旧娃娃来送走过去的坏事，可知“get rid of”意为“驱除、使某物消失”，对应选项B。
3. 最后一段主题是“带来好运的传统”，作者提到西班牙吃葡萄、法国吃煎饼、美国吃黑眼豆，都是为了展示不同国家带来好运的食物，对应选项A。B、C、D均与段落主题无关，排除。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A
【知识点】
阅读理解（主旨大意）、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为人文地理类阅读理解题，考查学生对段落主旨、词义猜测及细节目的的理解，题型常规，难度适中，需学生结合上下文准确分析。
【难度系数】
0.7