一、健康饮食知识讲座顺利开展，以下是此次讲座的部分精彩内容。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，补全所缺内容。每空一词。
People have different
Then which things can help us
Oranges or orange juice. They give us enough vitamin C.
Green vegetables. They help us stay away from cancer(癌症). They also give us
Yogurt. It is made from milk. It is good for us and it makes our body strong. So next time when you want to drink a cup of coffee, buy
Green tea. It helps us to be thin. We should try to drink more green tea. However, don't drink it before
It's not hard to put these kinds of things into our daily diet. Of course, if we can have them together with other kinds of food, they will make
1.
6.
People have different
eating
(eat) habits. For most of us, it's difficult to find
(find) out what kind of food is the best for eating. There are too many kinds of food. Some are healthy, such as noodles, rice, dumplings, vegetables and fruit. But some are unhealthy
(health) food, like hamburgers and ice cream. We should eat them
(they) less, although they are delicious.Then which things can help us
keep
(keep) healthy? Let's go on.Oranges or orange juice. They give us enough vitamin C.
Starting
(start) a day with a small glass of orange juice in the morning is good for our health.Green vegetables. They help us stay away from cancer(癌症). They also give us
different
(difference) vitamins.Yogurt. It is made from milk. It is good for us and it makes our body strong. So next time when you want to drink a cup of coffee, buy
yourself
(you) a box of yogurt.Green tea. It helps us to be thin. We should try to drink more green tea. However, don't drink it before
going
(go) to sleep.It's not hard to put these kinds of things into our daily diet. Of course, if we can have them together with other kinds of food, they will make
meals
(meal) both healthy and delicious.1.
eating
2. to find
3. unhealthy
4. them
5. keep
6.
Starting
7. different
8. yourself
9. going
10. meals
答案：1. eating 2. to find 3. unhealthy 4. them
5. keep 6. Starting 7. different 8. yourself
9. going 10. meals
5. keep 6. Starting 7. different 8. yourself
9. going 10. meals
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题，需结合语境和语法规则分析每个空的用法：1. 修饰名词habits需用动名词作定语；2. 固定句型it's + adj + to do sth需用不定式；3. 结合语境判断为“不健康的”，需用形容词否定式；4. 作动词eat的宾语需用人称代词宾格；5. 固定搭配help sb (to) do sth需用动词原形；6. 作句子主语需用动名词；7. 修饰名词vitamins需用形容词；8. 指代“你自己”需用反身代词；9. 介词before后需接动名词；10. 表示泛指“餐食”需用名词复数。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰名词habits，动名词可作定语表用途，故填eating；
2. 固定句型“it is + 形容词 + to do sth”中，it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填to find；
3. 前文提到健康食物，后文汉堡等是不健康的，需用health的形容词否定式unhealthy；
4. 此处作动词eat的宾语，需用they的宾格形式them；
5. 固定搭配help sb (to) do sth中，不定式符号to可省略，故填keep；
6. 此处作句子主语，需用动名词短语，故将start变为Starting；
7. 此处修饰名词vitamins，需用difference的形容词形式different；
8. 此处指代“你自己”，需用you的反身代词yourself；
9. before是介词，介词后接动词需用动名词形式，故填going；
10. 此处泛指各类餐食，需用meal的复数形式meals。
【答案】
1. eating 2. to find 3. unhealthy 4. them 5. keep 6. Starting 7. different 8. yourself 9. going 10. meals
【知识点】
非谓语动词、形容词用法、代词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心词汇的适当形式运用，涵盖非谓语动词、形容词、代词等基础语法点，需结合语境和固定搭配解题，是典型的基础题型，适合巩固英语词汇变形能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题，需结合语境和语法规则分析每个空的用法：1. 修饰名词habits需用动名词作定语；2. 固定句型it's + adj + to do sth需用不定式；3. 结合语境判断为“不健康的”，需用形容词否定式；4. 作动词eat的宾语需用人称代词宾格；5. 固定搭配help sb (to) do sth需用动词原形；6. 作句子主语需用动名词；7. 修饰名词vitamins需用形容词；8. 指代“你自己”需用反身代词；9. 介词before后需接动名词；10. 表示泛指“餐食”需用名词复数。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰名词habits，动名词可作定语表用途，故填eating；
2. 固定句型“it is + 形容词 + to do sth”中，it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填to find；
3. 前文提到健康食物，后文汉堡等是不健康的，需用health的形容词否定式unhealthy；
4. 此处作动词eat的宾语，需用they的宾格形式them；
5. 固定搭配help sb (to) do sth中，不定式符号to可省略，故填keep；
6. 此处作句子主语，需用动名词短语，故将start变为Starting；
7. 此处修饰名词vitamins，需用difference的形容词形式different；
8. 此处指代“你自己”，需用you的反身代词yourself；
9. before是介词，介词后接动词需用动名词形式，故填going；
10. 此处泛指各类餐食，需用meal的复数形式meals。
【答案】
1. eating 2. to find 3. unhealthy 4. them 5. keep 6. Starting 7. different 8. yourself 9. going 10. meals
【知识点】
非谓语动词、形容词用法、代词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心词汇的适当形式运用，涵盖非谓语动词、形容词、代词等基础语法点，需结合语境和固定搭配解题，是典型的基础题型，适合巩固英语词汇变形能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
二、蔬菜是培养健康饮食习惯的重要组成部分，但是很多人对蔬菜会产生一些误解。阅读短文，我们一起来了解一下吧。
(2026·镇江市丹阳期末)In late November, the weather begins to get very cold. If you visit the vegetable market during this time, you may see something ______ 1 ______ . There are often groups of vegetables that look like "ugly ducklings". They do not look fresh and smooth. They look old and wrinkled(皱巴巴的) because of the cold frost(霜) outside.
You may think these vegetables are not good to eat
vegetables are
Vegetables have something called "starch(淀粉)" inside them. When the temperature(气温) goes down, they
This change
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(2026·镇江市丹阳期末)In late November, the weather begins to get very cold. If you visit the vegetable market during this time, you may see something ______ 1 ______ . There are often groups of vegetables that look like "ugly ducklings". They do not look fresh and smooth. They look old and wrinkled(皱巴巴的) because of the cold frost(霜) outside.
You may think these vegetables are not good to eat
because
2 they look ugly. However, they have a big secret(秘密). If you taste them, they are very delicious. They taste quite sweet, almost like someone has put sugar
3 into them!Why
4 are old and wrinkled vegetables sweeter than fresh and smooth ones? That's becausevegetables are
smart
5 living things. They want to stay alive in the winter. If the water inside
6 their bodies turns into ice, they will die(死). So, they have a clever way to save themselves.Vegetables have something called "starch(淀粉)" inside them. When the temperature(气温) goes down, they
quickly
7 change this starch into sugar. This is very important because of an easy scientific fact
8: water turns to ice very easily, but sugar water does not. By having a lot of sugar in them, the vegetables make
9 it much harder for the water inside them to turn to ice.This change
protects
10 the vegetables from the cold weather. It stops them from dying of cold. For us, it is also great news. It means we can enjoy vegetables that are naturally sweet and tasty. So, these vegetables are not just ugly. In fact, they are very smart!(
D
)1. A. true B. cold C. modern D. strange(
C
)2. A. or B. but C. because D. till(
B
)3. A. salt B. sugar C. milk D. water(
B
)4. A. How B. Why C. What D. Which(
C
)5. A. colourful B. large C. smart D. lovely(
A
)6. A. inside B. beside C. under D. over(
B
)7. A. clearly B. quickly C. really D. finally(
A
)8. A. fact B. plan C. dream D. survey(
D
)9. A. get B. carry C. keep D. make(
A
)10. A. protects B. empties C. borrows D. grows答案：1. D 【解析】根据下文中“They do not look fresh and smooth. They look old and wrinkled...”可知，菜市场在卖看起来皱巴巴的、不新鲜的蔬菜，这是一种奇怪的(strange)现象。
2. C 【解析】空处引导原因状语从句，应用because连接。
3. B 【解析】根据“They taste quite sweet...”可知，它们尝起来很甜，就像有人加了糖(sugar)一样。
4. B 【解析】根据空后的“That's because...”可知，空处应用疑问词why来提问。
5. C 【解析】根据最后一段中“In fact, they are very smart!”可知，此处是在讲述蔬菜聪明的一面。
6. A 【解析】根据第四段中“...the water inside them to turn to ice”可知，此处表示蔬菜内部的水结冰。此处是inside的原词复现。
7. B 【解析】根据下文中“water turns to ice very easily, but sugar water does not”可知，水很容易结冰，因此蔬菜为了存活，需要快速地将淀粉转化为糖，尽早防止体内的水结冰。
8. A 【解析】根据“water turns to ice very easily, but sugar water does not”可知，水很容易结冰，但糖水不会，这属于科学事实。
9. D 【解析】根据“By having a lot of sugar in them, the vegetables 9 it much harder for the water inside them to turn to ice.”可知，此处指蔬菜通过糖分使自身内部的水分难以结冰。
10. A 【解析】根据下文中“It stops them from dying of cold.”可知，这种变化让蔬菜得以免于冻死，是在保护它们。protect...from...意为“保护……不受……”，为固定搭配。
2. C 【解析】空处引导原因状语从句，应用because连接。
3. B 【解析】根据“They taste quite sweet...”可知，它们尝起来很甜，就像有人加了糖(sugar)一样。
4. B 【解析】根据空后的“That's because...”可知，空处应用疑问词why来提问。
5. C 【解析】根据最后一段中“In fact, they are very smart!”可知，此处是在讲述蔬菜聪明的一面。
6. A 【解析】根据第四段中“...the water inside them to turn to ice”可知，此处表示蔬菜内部的水结冰。此处是inside的原词复现。
7. B 【解析】根据下文中“water turns to ice very easily, but sugar water does not”可知，水很容易结冰，因此蔬菜为了存活，需要快速地将淀粉转化为糖，尽早防止体内的水结冰。
8. A 【解析】根据“water turns to ice very easily, but sugar water does not”可知，水很容易结冰，但糖水不会，这属于科学事实。
9. D 【解析】根据“By having a lot of sugar in them, the vegetables 9 it much harder for the water inside them to turn to ice.”可知，此处指蔬菜通过糖分使自身内部的水分难以结冰。
10. A 【解析】根据下文中“It stops them from dying of cold.”可知，这种变化让蔬菜得以免于冻死，是在保护它们。protect...from...意为“保护……不受……”，为固定搭配。
解析：
【分析】
首先通读全文，理解文章主旨是介绍深秋时节蔬菜为抵御寒冷，会将淀粉转化为糖，变得皱巴巴却更甜的科普现象。解题时需逐题结合上下文语境线索、逻辑关系、词汇词义辨析及固定搭配来选择答案：第1题根据下文对蔬菜外观的描述判断现象特点；第2题分析前后句的因果逻辑；第3题结合前文提到的“甜”对应词汇；第4题根据答语“That's because”确定疑问词；第5题呼应结尾的“smart”；第6题依据下文原词复现确定方位词；第7题结合抗冻需求判断副词；第8题根据后文的科学内容确定名词；第9题运用固定句式；第10题结合固定搭配及语境判断动词。
【解析】
1. 选D：根据下文“They do not look fresh and smooth. They look old and wrinkled...”可知，菜市场出现这种皱巴巴、不新鲜的蔬菜是奇怪的现象，strange符合语境。
2. 选C：空后内容是前半句“这些蔬菜不好吃”的原因，引导原因状语从句用because。
3. 选B：前文提到“They taste quite sweet...”，因此此处指蔬菜尝起来像加了糖一样，sugar符合语境。
4. 选B：空后答语“That's because...”说明前文是提问原因，故用疑问词why。
5. 选C：结尾提到“they are very smart”，此处对应蔬菜聪明的特性，smart符合语境。
6. 选A：根据下文“...the water inside them to turn to ice”，此处指蔬菜内部的水，inside是原词复现。
7. 选B：为防止体内水结冰，蔬菜需要快速将淀粉转化为糖，quickly符合语境。
8. 选A：后文“水易结冰，糖水不易”是科学事实，fact符合语境。
9. 选D：固定句式“make it + adj. for sth to do sth”表示“使某物做某事变得……”，此处指使蔬菜内部的水结冰变难。
10. 选A：固定搭配“protect...from...”意为“保护……不受……”，此处指这种变化保护蔬菜免受寒冷。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.A
【知识点】
英语完形填空、词汇辨析、固定搭配、原因状语从句
【点评】
本文是一篇贴近生活的科普类完形填空，围绕蔬菜抗冻的原理展开，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又涉及词汇、语法的运用，解题时需结合上下文线索、逻辑关系及固定搭配，是一道难度适中的期末试题。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先通读全文，理解文章主旨是介绍深秋时节蔬菜为抵御寒冷，会将淀粉转化为糖，变得皱巴巴却更甜的科普现象。解题时需逐题结合上下文语境线索、逻辑关系、词汇词义辨析及固定搭配来选择答案：第1题根据下文对蔬菜外观的描述判断现象特点；第2题分析前后句的因果逻辑；第3题结合前文提到的“甜”对应词汇；第4题根据答语“That's because”确定疑问词；第5题呼应结尾的“smart”；第6题依据下文原词复现确定方位词；第7题结合抗冻需求判断副词；第8题根据后文的科学内容确定名词；第9题运用固定句式；第10题结合固定搭配及语境判断动词。
【解析】
1. 选D：根据下文“They do not look fresh and smooth. They look old and wrinkled...”可知，菜市场出现这种皱巴巴、不新鲜的蔬菜是奇怪的现象，strange符合语境。
2. 选C：空后内容是前半句“这些蔬菜不好吃”的原因，引导原因状语从句用because。
3. 选B：前文提到“They taste quite sweet...”，因此此处指蔬菜尝起来像加了糖一样，sugar符合语境。
4. 选B：空后答语“That's because...”说明前文是提问原因，故用疑问词why。
5. 选C：结尾提到“they are very smart”，此处对应蔬菜聪明的特性，smart符合语境。
6. 选A：根据下文“...the water inside them to turn to ice”，此处指蔬菜内部的水，inside是原词复现。
7. 选B：为防止体内水结冰，蔬菜需要快速将淀粉转化为糖，quickly符合语境。
8. 选A：后文“水易结冰，糖水不易”是科学事实，fact符合语境。
9. 选D：固定句式“make it + adj. for sth to do sth”表示“使某物做某事变得……”，此处指使蔬菜内部的水结冰变难。
10. 选A：固定搭配“protect...from...”意为“保护……不受……”，此处指这种变化保护蔬菜免受寒冷。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.A
【知识点】
英语完形填空、词汇辨析、固定搭配、原因状语从句
【点评】
本文是一篇贴近生活的科普类完形填空，围绕蔬菜抗冻的原理展开，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又涉及词汇、语法的运用，解题时需结合上下文线索、逻辑关系及固定搭配，是一道难度适中的期末试题。
【难度系数】
0.6