Ⅰ. 根据句意,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. He was
2. Don't be sad, Daniel. Just say to
3. English is helpful to students so we should try our best
4. When we got there, the fire
5. They felt very
1. He was
trapped
(trap) in the dark, unable to see anything around.2. Don't be sad, Daniel. Just say to
yourself
(you), “Everything will be fine.”3. English is helpful to students so we should try our best
to learn
(learn) it well.4. When we got there, the fire
was burning
(burn) all over the house.5. They felt very
excited
(excite) when the policemen came here.答案：1. trapped 2. yourself 3. to learn
4. was burning 5. excited
4. was burning 5. excited
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语适当形式填空题，需结合语法规则和固定搭配分析每小题：1. 第1题判断主语与动词的被动关系，使用被动结构；2. 第2题考查固定短语say to oneself；3. 第3题考查固定搭配try one's best to do sth；4. 第4题根据when引导的时间状语从句时态，判断主句用过去进行时；5. 第5题修饰人的感受需用ed结尾的形容词。
【解析】
1. 主语He与动词trap是被动关系，需用“be+过去分词”的被动结构，故填trapped；
2. 固定短语say to oneself意为“对自己说”，此处是Daniel对自己说，故填反身代词yourself；
3. 固定搭配try one's best to do sth意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故填动词不定式to learn；
4. when引导的时间状语从句中，got为一般过去时，主句描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，主语the fire为单数，故填was burning；
5. 此处修饰主语They（人）的感受，需用ed结尾的形容词excited，故填excited。
【答案】
1. trapped 2. yourself 3. to learn 4. was burning 5. excited
【知识点】
被动语态、反身代词、动词不定式
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，考查核心语法点与固定搭配，题型常规，难度较低，用于巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.3
本题为英语适当形式填空题，需结合语法规则和固定搭配分析每小题：1. 第1题判断主语与动词的被动关系，使用被动结构；2. 第2题考查固定短语say to oneself；3. 第3题考查固定搭配try one's best to do sth；4. 第4题根据when引导的时间状语从句时态，判断主句用过去进行时；5. 第5题修饰人的感受需用ed结尾的形容词。
【解析】
1. 主语He与动词trap是被动关系，需用“be+过去分词”的被动结构，故填trapped；
2. 固定短语say to oneself意为“对自己说”，此处是Daniel对自己说，故填反身代词yourself；
3. 固定搭配try one's best to do sth意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故填动词不定式to learn；
4. when引导的时间状语从句中，got为一般过去时，主句描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，主语the fire为单数，故填was burning；
5. 此处修饰主语They（人）的感受，需用ed结尾的形容词excited，故填excited。
【答案】
1. trapped 2. yourself 3. to learn 4. was burning 5. excited
【知识点】
被动语态、反身代词、动词不定式
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，考查核心语法点与固定搭配，题型常规，难度较低，用于巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.3
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
6. 响亮的雷声使这个小婴儿害怕地哭了起来。
The
7. 幸运的是，所有的学生都在教室倒塌之前跑了出来。
Luckily, all the students
8. 消防员花了将近五个小时才把火扑灭。
It took the
9. 写作佳句 安全与防护 我们应该冷静下来而不是四处乱跑。
We should
10. 她是如此紧张以至于只能用虚弱的嗓音说话。
She was so
6. 响亮的雷声使这个小婴儿害怕地哭了起来。
The
loud thunder
made the little baby cry in fear
.7. 幸运的是，所有的学生都在教室倒塌之前跑了出来。
Luckily, all the students
ran out of
the classroom before it came down
.8. 消防员花了将近五个小时才把火扑灭。
It took the
firemen
nearly five hours to put out
the fire.9. 写作佳句 安全与防护 我们应该冷静下来而不是四处乱跑。
We should
calm down
instead of running in all directions
.10. 她是如此紧张以至于只能用虚弱的嗓音说话。
She was so
nervous
that she could only speak in a weak voice
.答案：6. loud thunder; in fear 7. ran out of; came down
8. firemen; to put out 9. calm down; in all directions
10. nervous; in a weak voice
8. firemen; to put out 9. calm down; in all directions
10. nervous; in a weak voice
解析：
【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思完成句子的题型，需结合汉语提示，回忆对应的英语词汇、固定短语及常用句式，逐空分析每个句子的语义和语法结构，确保填入内容符合英语表达习惯，准确对应汉语含义。
【解析】
6. “响亮的雷声”对应英语词汇loud thunder；“害怕地”修饰动词cry，需用固定短语in fear，故填loud thunder; in fear。
7. “跑了出来”对应短语run out of，此处描述过去发生的动作，用过去式ran out of；“倒塌”对应短语come down，过去式为came down，故填ran out of; came down。
8. “消防员”指一类人，用复数名词firemen；“扑灭（火）”对应固定短语put out，结合句式it takes sb sth to do sth，故填firemen; to put out。
9. “冷静下来”对应固定短语calm down；“四处乱跑”对应短语run in all directions，故填calm down; in all directions。
10. “紧张的”对应形容词nervous；“用虚弱的嗓音”对应固定短语in a weak voice，故填nervous; in a weak voice。
【答案】
6. loud thunder; in fear 7. ran out of; came down 8. firemen; to put out 9. calm down; in all directions 10. nervous; in a weak voice
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定短语搭配、汉译英基础
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇、常用短语及固定句式的运用，属于常规基础题型，难度适中，要求学生掌握常见场景的核心表达。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为根据汉语意思完成句子的题型，需结合汉语提示，回忆对应的英语词汇、固定短语及常用句式，逐空分析每个句子的语义和语法结构，确保填入内容符合英语表达习惯，准确对应汉语含义。
【解析】
6. “响亮的雷声”对应英语词汇loud thunder；“害怕地”修饰动词cry，需用固定短语in fear，故填loud thunder; in fear。
7. “跑了出来”对应短语run out of，此处描述过去发生的动作，用过去式ran out of；“倒塌”对应短语come down，过去式为came down，故填ran out of; came down。
8. “消防员”指一类人，用复数名词firemen；“扑灭（火）”对应固定短语put out，结合句式it takes sb sth to do sth，故填firemen; to put out。
9. “冷静下来”对应固定短语calm down；“四处乱跑”对应短语run in all directions，故填calm down; in all directions。
10. “紧张的”对应形容词nervous；“用虚弱的嗓音”对应固定短语in a weak voice，故填nervous; in a weak voice。
【答案】
6. loud thunder; in fear 7. ran out of; came down 8. firemen; to put out 9. calm down; in all directions 10. nervous; in a weak voice
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定短语搭配、汉译英基础
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇、常用短语及固定句式的运用，属于常规基础题型，难度适中，要求学生掌握常见场景的核心表达。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
—Take it easy and be brave.
A.glad
B.nervous
C.proud
D.relaxed
B
)11. —I always feel nervous
when speaking in front of others.—Take it easy and be brave.
A.glad
B.nervous
C.proud
D.relaxed
答案：11. B
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境，答语“Take it easy and be brave”（别紧张，勇敢点）提示说话者在他人面前发言时的情绪是紧张的，需辨析选项中形容词的含义，选出符合语境的词。
【解析】根据答语的提示可知，前者在他人面前发言时感到紧张。A选项glad意为“高兴的”，不符合语境；B选项nervous意为“紧张的”，符合语境；C选项proud意为“骄傲的”，不符合；D选项relaxed意为“放松的”，与答语的提示相反。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词词义辨析、情景交际
【点评】本题考查日常情景对话中的形容词词义辨析，难度较低，需结合答语的提示理解语境，选出合适的形容词。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】根据答语的提示可知，前者在他人面前发言时感到紧张。A选项glad意为“高兴的”，不符合语境；B选项nervous意为“紧张的”，符合语境；C选项proud意为“骄傲的”，不符合；D选项relaxed意为“放松的”，与答语的提示相反。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词词义辨析、情景交际
【点评】本题考查日常情景对话中的形容词词义辨析，难度较低，需结合答语的提示理解语境，选出合适的形容词。
【难度系数】0.6
(
A.including
B.since
C.except
D.till
C
)12. (2024淮安淮安区二模) My sister goes back to Huai'an for the Mid-Autumn Festival every year except
last year because she was busy with her work in Nanjing.A.including
B.since
C.except
D.till
答案：12. C
解析：
【分析】这道题考查介词的词义辨析，解题思路是先理解句子语境，再分析每个选项的含义，结合逻辑关系选出合适的介词。句子表达的是“我姐姐每年都回淮安过中秋节，________去年，因为她去年在南京忙于工作”，需要找一个表示“排除在外”的介词。
【解析】先翻译句子：我姐姐每年都回淮安过中秋节，除了去年，因为她去年在南京忙于工作。逐一分析选项：A.including（包括），不符合“去年没回去”的语境；B.since（自从；因为），语义不通；C.except（除……之外），表示不包含去年，符合语境；D.till（直到），不符合句意。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】介词辨析
【点评】本题考查常用介词的词义辨析，需结合句子逻辑关系判断，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】先翻译句子：我姐姐每年都回淮安过中秋节，除了去年，因为她去年在南京忙于工作。逐一分析选项：A.including（包括），不符合“去年没回去”的语境；B.since（自从；因为），语义不通；C.except（除……之外），表示不包含去年，符合语境；D.till（直到），不符合句意。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】介词辨析
【点评】本题考查常用介词的词义辨析，需结合句子逻辑关系判断，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.when
B.since
C.while
D.before
B
)13.(2024南京秦淮区期末)After the earthquake, Nick told his son that since
they were both alive, they did not fail and they could start again.A.when
B.since
C.while
D.before
答案：13. B
解析：
【分析】首先理解句子语境：地震后Nick告诉儿子，________他们都活着，就不算失败，可以重新开始。需选择表“既然”含义的连词。逐一分析选项：A项when意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句；B项since意为“既然”，引导原因状语从句，契合语境；C项while意为“当……时；然而”，不符合此处逻辑；D项before意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句，不符合语境。因此需选表原因的连词。
【解析】句子表达“既然他们都活着”这一原因，故选用表原因的连词。A选项when引导时间状语从句，表时间，不符合语境；B选项since可引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”，契合句子逻辑；C选项while表时间或转折，不符合；D选项before表时间先后，不符合。因此答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析；原因状语从句
【点评】本题考查连词的词义辨析，需结合句子语境判断逻辑关系，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】句子表达“既然他们都活着”这一原因，故选用表原因的连词。A选项when引导时间状语从句，表时间，不符合语境；B选项since可引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”，契合句子逻辑；C选项while表时间或转折，不符合；D选项before表时间先后，不符合。因此答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析；原因状语从句
【点评】本题考查连词的词义辨析，需结合句子语境判断逻辑关系，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
(
—I’m not sure. He is volunteering in a community.
A.how
B.if
C.why
D.what
B
)14. —I wonder if
Dr Li will be at work tomorrow, sir.—I’m not sure. He is volunteering in a community.
A.how
B.if
C.why
D.what
答案：14. B
解析：
【分析】本题考查宾语从句引导词的选择。首先确定句子结构，I wonder后接宾语从句，需结合答语的语境判断合适的引导词。答语“I’m not sure”体现不确定性，说明问句是询问“李医生明天是否会上班”，需选表“是否”的引导词，再结合选项词义排除不符选项。
【解析】I wonder后接宾语从句，根据答语“我不确定，他在社区做志愿者”可知，问句是询问李医生明天是否会上班，需用表“是否”的引导词。A项how表方式（如何）、C项why表原因（为什么）、D项what表内容（什么），均不符合语境；B项if表“是否”，符合句意，故选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】宾语从句引导词；词义辨析
【点评】本题考查宾语从句引导词的基础用法，需结合上下文语境判断引导词含义，属于常见基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】I wonder后接宾语从句，根据答语“我不确定，他在社区做志愿者”可知，问句是询问李医生明天是否会上班，需用表“是否”的引导词。A项how表方式（如何）、C项why表原因（为什么）、D项what表内容（什么），均不符合语境；B项if表“是否”，符合句意，故选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】宾语从句引导词；词义辨析
【点评】本题考查宾语从句引导词的基础用法，需结合上下文语境判断引导词含义，属于常见基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6
(
—Because he likes doing sport. I saw him
A.running
B.run
C.to run
D.ran
A
)15.(2024扬州仪征期末)—Why does Tom look healthy, Peter?—Because he likes doing sport. I saw him
running
in the park just now.A.running
B.run
C.to run
D.ran
答案：15. A
解析：
【分析】
本题考查see的非谓语动词固定搭配。解题思路：先明确see的两种常用结构，see sb do sth表示看见某人做了某事（强调动作全过程），see sb doing sth表示看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）；再结合题干中“just now（刚才）”的语境，判断此处强调动作正在发生，需用现在分词形式。
【解析】
根据固定搭配see sb doing sth（看见某人正在做某事），结合语境“刚才看到他在公园跑步”（强调动作正在进行），此处应使用run的现在分词running。选项B（原形）强调动作全过程，不符合语境；选项C（不定式）在主动语态中see后不接带to的不定式；选项D（过去式）语法错误。因此正确答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】非谓语动词；see的固定搭配
【点评】本题考查see的非谓语搭配，需区分see sb do与see sb doing的用法差异，结合语境判断动作状态，属于基础语法题。
【难度系数】0.5
本题考查see的非谓语动词固定搭配。解题思路：先明确see的两种常用结构，see sb do sth表示看见某人做了某事（强调动作全过程），see sb doing sth表示看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）；再结合题干中“just now（刚才）”的语境，判断此处强调动作正在发生，需用现在分词形式。
【解析】
根据固定搭配see sb doing sth（看见某人正在做某事），结合语境“刚才看到他在公园跑步”（强调动作正在进行），此处应使用run的现在分词running。选项B（原形）强调动作全过程，不符合语境；选项C（不定式）在主动语态中see后不接带to的不定式；选项D（过去式）语法错误。因此正确答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】非谓语动词；see的固定搭配
【点评】本题考查see的非谓语搭配，需区分see sb do与see sb doing的用法差异，结合语境判断动作状态，属于基础语法题。
【难度系数】0.5
Ⅳ. 完形填空
It was a(n) 16 day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The old couple was on holiday at a 17 resort (旅游胜地). They were 18 a walk in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to 19. In just two minutes, everything changed completely! They were in the middle of a very strong 20!
The Lins tried to 21 some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark 22 it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope.
At that moment, Mr Lin decided to take the lead. He called for everyone's attention and said, "The roads are wet. We can't go down the mountain 23 tomorrow. We must stay here tonight." They all knew that they were 24 danger. Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to 25 food and blankets(毯子). They found some, but not 26 for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided the people into five groups. Each group had a leader. He also 27 all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights(手电筒). Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones, and the 28 on the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe.
Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other.
After twelve hours' walking, they finally got out safely. By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was 29 but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. They also knew that 30 an earthquake happens, the most important thing is to stay calm.
()16. A. happy B. interesting C. terrible D. boring
()17. A. lake B. forest C. mountain D. river
()18. A. working B. taking C. trying D. making
()19. A. shake B. shock C. jump D. play
()20. A. snowstorm B. earthquake C. rainstorm D. flood
()21. A. believe B. serve C. beat D. find
()22. A. and B. but C. or D. so
()23. A. after B. before C. at D. until
()24. A. for B. of C. in D. at
()25. A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look at
()26. A. expensive B. easy C. exciting D. enough
()27. A. covered B. collected C. completed D. connected
()28. A. line B. language C. light D. litter
()29. A. pleasant B. relaxed C. happy D. tired
()30. A. when B. how C. what D. why
It was a(n) 16 day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The old couple was on holiday at a 17 resort (旅游胜地). They were 18 a walk in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to 19. In just two minutes, everything changed completely! They were in the middle of a very strong 20!
The Lins tried to 21 some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark 22 it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope.
At that moment, Mr Lin decided to take the lead. He called for everyone's attention and said, "The roads are wet. We can't go down the mountain 23 tomorrow. We must stay here tonight." They all knew that they were 24 danger. Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to 25 food and blankets(毯子). They found some, but not 26 for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided the people into five groups. Each group had a leader. He also 27 all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights(手电筒). Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones, and the 28 on the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe.
Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other.
After twelve hours' walking, they finally got out safely. By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was 29 but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. They also knew that 30 an earthquake happens, the most important thing is to stay calm.
()16. A. happy B. interesting C. terrible D. boring
()17. A. lake B. forest C. mountain D. river
()18. A. working B. taking C. trying D. making
()19. A. shake B. shock C. jump D. play
()20. A. snowstorm B. earthquake C. rainstorm D. flood
()21. A. believe B. serve C. beat D. find
()22. A. and B. but C. or D. so
()23. A. after B. before C. at D. until
()24. A. for B. of C. in D. at
()25. A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look at
()26. A. expensive B. easy C. exciting D. enough
()27. A. covered B. collected C. completed D. connected
()28. A. line B. language C. light D. litter
()29. A. pleasant B. relaxed C. happy D. tired
()30. A. when B. how C. what D. why
答案：16.C 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.B 21.D 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.D 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.A
解析：
【分析】做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨（本文讲述林氏夫妇在山地度假时遭遇地震，带领众人互助脱险的故事），再逐题结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配逐一分析选项，最后验证答案逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】16. 根据后文遭遇地震的情节，可知这是糟糕的一天，选C（terrible）；17. 由后文“go down the mountain”可知旅游胜地在山上，选C（mountain）；18. 固定搭配“take a walk”表示散步，选B（taking）；19. 地震时地面震动，shake意为震动，选A（shake）；20. 结合后文“earthquake”可知是强烈地震，选B（earthquake）；21. 林氏夫妇先寻找其他人，find意为找到，选D（find）；22. 前后为顺承关系，天黑且下雨，用and连接，选A（and）；23. 固定结构“not...until”表示直到...才，此处指直到明天才能下山，选D（until）；24. 固定搭配“in danger”表示处于危险中，选C（in）；25. 回去寻找食物和毯子，look for意为寻找，选B（look for）；26. 找到的物资不够分给所有人，enough意为足够的，选D（enough）；27. 收集所有人的手机，collected意为收集，选B（collected）；28. 手机的光，light意为光，选C（light）；29. 走了12小时后大家很累，tired意为累的，选D（tired）；30. 当地震发生时，when意为当...时，选A（when）。
【答案】16.C 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.B 21.D 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.D 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.A
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文以地震中众人互助脱险为主题，传递了冷静团结的重要性，题目侧重考查语境理解与基础词汇运用，是典型的记叙文完形填空。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】16. 根据后文遭遇地震的情节，可知这是糟糕的一天，选C（terrible）；17. 由后文“go down the mountain”可知旅游胜地在山上，选C（mountain）；18. 固定搭配“take a walk”表示散步，选B（taking）；19. 地震时地面震动，shake意为震动，选A（shake）；20. 结合后文“earthquake”可知是强烈地震，选B（earthquake）；21. 林氏夫妇先寻找其他人，find意为找到，选D（find）；22. 前后为顺承关系，天黑且下雨，用and连接，选A（and）；23. 固定结构“not...until”表示直到...才，此处指直到明天才能下山，选D（until）；24. 固定搭配“in danger”表示处于危险中，选C（in）；25. 回去寻找食物和毯子，look for意为寻找，选B（look for）；26. 找到的物资不够分给所有人，enough意为足够的，选D（enough）；27. 收集所有人的手机，collected意为收集，选B（collected）；28. 手机的光，light意为光，选C（light）；29. 走了12小时后大家很累，tired意为累的，选D（tired）；30. 当地震发生时，when意为当...时，选A（when）。
【答案】16.C 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.B 21.D 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.D 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.A
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文以地震中众人互助脱险为主题，传递了冷静团结的重要性，题目侧重考查语境理解与基础词汇运用，是典型的记叙文完形填空。
【难度系数】0.6