Ⅰ. 根据句意,从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空
smells, sudden, at the weekend, shone, blowing
1. After several rainy days, the sun finally came out and
2. The milk
3. When I woke up at midnight, I heard the strong wind
4. Millie always helps her mother with the housework
5. There was a
smells, sudden, at the weekend, shone, blowing
1. After several rainy days, the sun finally came out and
shone
brightly in the sky.2. The milk
smells
bad. Don't drink it.3. When I woke up at midnight, I heard the strong wind
blowing
hard outside.4. Millie always helps her mother with the housework
at the weekend
.5. There was a
sudden
change in the weather last night.答案：1. shone 2. smells 3. blowing
4. at the weekend 5. sudden
4. at the weekend 5. sudden
解析：
【分析】
本题为选词填空题，需结合句子语境、单词/短语的词义及语法知识（如时态、词性、固定搭配）选择恰当内容。先通读每个句子明确空缺处的需求，再匹配方框内词汇的含义与用法，同时注意语法细节（如动词形式、词性修饰）。
【解析】
1. 句意：几天雨后，太阳终于出来了，在天空中明亮地________。由came可知句子为一般过去时，方框中shone是shine的过去式，意为“照耀”，符合太阳出来后照耀的语境，故填shone。
2. 句意：牛奶________坏了，别喝。smell bad是固定搭配，意为“闻起来坏了”，主语milk是不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式smells，符合语境，故填smells。
3. 句意：我半夜醒来时，听到外面大风________得厉害。hear sth doing sth是固定结构，意为“听到某物正在做某事”，blowing是blow的现在分词，意为“吹”，符合“大风正在吹”的语境，故填blowing。
4. 句意：米莉总是________帮妈妈做家务。at the weekend是固定短语，意为“在周末”，作时间状语，符合语境，故填at the weekend。
5. 句意：昨晚天气有个________变化。sudden是形容词，意为“突然的”，修饰名词change，符合“突然的变化”的语境，故填sudden。
【答案】
1. shone 2. smells 3. blowing 4. at the weekend 5. sudden
【知识点】
词义辨析、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考察常用单词及短语的词义、基本用法，结合句意即可完成，难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇运用。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为选词填空题，需结合句子语境、单词/短语的词义及语法知识（如时态、词性、固定搭配）选择恰当内容。先通读每个句子明确空缺处的需求，再匹配方框内词汇的含义与用法，同时注意语法细节（如动词形式、词性修饰）。
【解析】
1. 句意：几天雨后，太阳终于出来了，在天空中明亮地________。由came可知句子为一般过去时，方框中shone是shine的过去式，意为“照耀”，符合太阳出来后照耀的语境，故填shone。
2. 句意：牛奶________坏了，别喝。smell bad是固定搭配，意为“闻起来坏了”，主语milk是不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式smells，符合语境，故填smells。
3. 句意：我半夜醒来时，听到外面大风________得厉害。hear sth doing sth是固定结构，意为“听到某物正在做某事”，blowing是blow的现在分词，意为“吹”，符合“大风正在吹”的语境，故填blowing。
4. 句意：米莉总是________帮妈妈做家务。at the weekend是固定短语，意为“在周末”，作时间状语，符合语境，故填at the weekend。
5. 句意：昨晚天气有个________变化。sudden是形容词，意为“突然的”，修饰名词change，符合“突然的变化”的语境，故填sudden。
【答案】
1. shone 2. smells 3. blowing 4. at the weekend 5. sudden
【知识点】
词义辨析、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考察常用单词及短语的词义、基本用法，结合句意即可完成，难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇运用。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅱ. 根据句意,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
6. He felt the
7. (2026 徐州北区月考) When the storm
8. It is important for us to walk for 30 minutes every day to keep
9. Can't you come up with an idea of calming your children? They are too
10. (2026 无锡外国语学校月考) It was even
6. He felt the
heat
(hot) of the sun on his back when he was walking on the road.7. (2026 徐州北区月考) When the storm
suddenly
(sudden) came, I was walking home from school.8. It is important for us to walk for 30 minutes every day to keep
healthy
(health).9. Can't you come up with an idea of calming your children? They are too
noisy
(noise).10. (2026 无锡外国语学校月考) It was even
foggier
(foggy) than before. I didn't feel comfortable.答案：6. heat 7. suddenly 8. healthy 9. noisy 10. foggier
解析：
【分析】
做此类用所给单词适当形式填空的题目，需结合句子结构、词性要求及语法规则逐一分析：1. 第6题：定冠词the后需接名词，所给词hot是形容词，需转换为对应名词；2. 第7题：空格处修饰动词came，需用副词，所给词sudden是形容词，需转换为对应副词；3. 第8题：keep为系动词，后接形容词作表语，所给词health是名词，需转换为对应形容词；4. 第9题：主语后系动词are需接形容词作表语，所给词noise是名词，需转换为对应形容词；5. 第10题：句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，所给词foggy需按规则变比较级。
【解析】
6. 定冠词the后接名词，hot的名词形式为heat，故填heat；
7. 修饰动词came需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly，故填suddenly；
8. “keep + 形容词”表示保持某种状态，health的形容词形式为healthy，故填healthy；
9. 系动词are后接形容词作表语，noise的形容词形式为noisy，故填noisy；
10. 由than可知用比较级，foggy的比较级为foggier，故填foggier。
【答案】
heat, suddenly, healthy, noisy, foggier
【知识点】
词性转换、副词用法、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的单词形式变化，涉及词性转换、副词修饰动词及形容词比较级的用法，是核心基础题型，需掌握常见单词的词性变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.7
做此类用所给单词适当形式填空的题目，需结合句子结构、词性要求及语法规则逐一分析：1. 第6题：定冠词the后需接名词，所给词hot是形容词，需转换为对应名词；2. 第7题：空格处修饰动词came，需用副词，所给词sudden是形容词，需转换为对应副词；3. 第8题：keep为系动词，后接形容词作表语，所给词health是名词，需转换为对应形容词；4. 第9题：主语后系动词are需接形容词作表语，所给词noise是名词，需转换为对应形容词；5. 第10题：句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，所给词foggy需按规则变比较级。
【解析】
6. 定冠词the后接名词，hot的名词形式为heat，故填heat；
7. 修饰动词came需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly，故填suddenly；
8. “keep + 形容词”表示保持某种状态，health的形容词形式为healthy，故填healthy；
9. 系动词are后接形容词作表语，noise的形容词形式为noisy，故填noisy；
10. 由than可知用比较级，foggy的比较级为foggier，故填foggier。
【答案】
heat, suddenly, healthy, noisy, foggier
【知识点】
词性转换、副词用法、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的单词形式变化，涉及词性转换、副词修饰动词及形容词比较级的用法，是核心基础题型，需掌握常见单词的词性变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
A.S+V+P
B.S+V+O
C.S+V+O+O
D.S+V
D
)11. (2026南京五十中月考) What is the sentence structure of “The heavy snow is falling on the ground.”?A.S+V+P
B.S+V+O
C.S+V+O+O
D.S+V
答案：11. D
解析：
【分析】要判断该句的结构，需先明确英语句子的五种基本句型，再按步骤划分句子成分：第一步，确定主语（S，动作的发出者）；第二步，确定谓语（V，动词部分），判断动词类型；第三步，区分核心成分与修饰成分（如状语）。该句中，主语是动作的发出者，谓语是动词部分，修饰成分不影响核心句型，据此可推导结构。
【解析】首先划分句子成分：主语（S）为“The heavy snow”，谓语（V）为“is falling”，“on the ground”是修饰谓语的地点状语，不属于核心句型成分。英语中，不及物动词作谓语时，句子结构为“主语+谓语（S+V）”，因此该句结构是S+V，对应选项D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语基本句子结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的核心结构判断，只需准确划分主语、谓语，区分修饰成分即可解题，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】首先划分句子成分：主语（S）为“The heavy snow”，谓语（V）为“is falling”，“on the ground”是修饰谓语的地点状语，不属于核心句型成分。英语中，不及物动词作谓语时，句子结构为“主语+谓语（S+V）”，因此该句结构是S+V，对应选项D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语基本句子结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的核心结构判断，只需准确划分主语、谓语，区分修饰成分即可解题，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3
(
A.He runs every day.
B.We watched a film last night.
C.He helped me clean the classroom.
D.Who posted me the letter in the morning?
B
)12.(2025苏州吴江区期末)Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I like playing the piano.”?A.He runs every day.
B.We watched a film last night.
C.He helped me clean the classroom.
D.Who posted me the letter in the morning?
答案：12. B 13.D 14.C
解析：
【分析】首先明确原句“I like playing the piano.”的句子结构：主语（I）+谓语（及物动词like）+宾语（动名词短语playing the piano），属于主谓宾（S+V+O）结构。接下来逐一分析选项的结构：A选项“He runs every day”中，runs是不及物动词，无宾语，加了时间状语every day，结构为S+V+A，与原句不同；B选项“We watched a film last night”中，watched是及物动词，宾语是a film，last night是时间状语，核心结构为S+V+O，与原句一致；C选项“He helped me clean the classroom”是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”（help sb do sth结构），结构为S+V+O+OC，不同；D选项“Who posted me the letter in the morning”是双宾语结构（post sb sth），结构为S+V+IO+DO，不同。因此选B。
【解析】先分析原句结构：原句“I like playing the piano.”的结构为“主语+及物动词谓语+宾语（动名词短语）”，即主谓宾结构。再分析各选项：A项：He runs every day，结构为“主语+不及物动词谓语+状语”，无宾语，排除；B项：We watched a film last night，结构为“主语+及物动词谓语+宾语+状语”，核心为“主谓宾”，与原句结构一致；C项：He helped me clean the classroom，结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”，排除；D项：Who posted me the letter in the morning，结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，排除。综上，答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】英语简单句结构、主谓宾句型
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的基本句型，要求学生掌握不同句型的成分构成，通过划分句子成分判断结构是否一致，属于基础语法题，需熟悉常见句型特点。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】先分析原句结构：原句“I like playing the piano.”的结构为“主语+及物动词谓语+宾语（动名词短语）”，即主谓宾结构。再分析各选项：A项：He runs every day，结构为“主语+不及物动词谓语+状语”，无宾语，排除；B项：We watched a film last night，结构为“主语+及物动词谓语+宾语+状语”，核心为“主谓宾”，与原句结构一致；C项：He helped me clean the classroom，结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”，排除；D项：Who posted me the letter in the morning，结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，排除。综上，答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】英语简单句结构、主谓宾句型
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的基本句型，要求学生掌握不同句型的成分构成，通过划分句子成分判断结构是否一致，属于基础语法题，需熟悉常见句型特点。
【难度系数】0.5
Ⅳ. (2026淮安经开区开明中学月考)任务型阅读(主题:人与自然·热爱自然)
Seasons are the four main periods of the year, each with its own weather, plants and activities. In most parts of the world, spring starts in March and ends in May. The weather becomes warmer, and trees turn green. Flowers bloom, and birds sing loudly. People often go hiking, have picnics or plant trees during this season.
Summer usually lasts from June to August. It is the hottest season. Many people enjoy going to the beach, swimming in the pool or eating ice cream. Students have a long holiday, so they can travel with their families or play outdoor games. However, some places have heavy rain or typhoons in summer.
Autumn comes after summer, from September to November. The temperature drops, and the leaves change colour—they turn red, yellow and orange. Farmers are busy harvesting crops like rice and corn. It is also a great time for camping and enjoying the cool wind. Some people love autumn because of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Family members always gather to eat mooncakes.
Winter is from December to February. It is the coldest season. Many places get snow, and rivers may freeze. People wear thick coats, scarves and gloves to keep warm. Children like making snowmen and having snowball fights. During the winter holiday, people celebrate the Spring Festival with their loved ones.
Each season has its charm. Whether you like the warmth of spring, the fun of summer, the beauty of autumn or theexcitement of winter, there is always something to enjoy.
根据上面短文内容,回答下列问题(每小题答案不超过6个单词)。
15. How long does spring last in most parts of the world?
16. Does spring a great time for camping and enjoying the cool wind?
17. Why can students travel with their families in summer?
18. What are farmers busy doing in autumn?
19. What do people wear to keep warm in winter?
Seasons are the four main periods of the year, each with its own weather, plants and activities. In most parts of the world, spring starts in March and ends in May. The weather becomes warmer, and trees turn green. Flowers bloom, and birds sing loudly. People often go hiking, have picnics or plant trees during this season.
Summer usually lasts from June to August. It is the hottest season. Many people enjoy going to the beach, swimming in the pool or eating ice cream. Students have a long holiday, so they can travel with their families or play outdoor games. However, some places have heavy rain or typhoons in summer.
Autumn comes after summer, from September to November. The temperature drops, and the leaves change colour—they turn red, yellow and orange. Farmers are busy harvesting crops like rice and corn. It is also a great time for camping and enjoying the cool wind. Some people love autumn because of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Family members always gather to eat mooncakes.
Winter is from December to February. It is the coldest season. Many places get snow, and rivers may freeze. People wear thick coats, scarves and gloves to keep warm. Children like making snowmen and having snowball fights. During the winter holiday, people celebrate the Spring Festival with their loved ones.
Each season has its charm. Whether you like the warmth of spring, the fun of summer, the beauty of autumn or the
根据上面短文内容,回答下列问题(每小题答案不超过6个单词)。
15. How long does spring last in most parts of the world?
For three/3 months.
16. Does spring a great time for camping and enjoying the cool wind?
No, it doesn't. /No.
17. Why can students travel with their families in summer?
Because they have a long holiday.
18. What are farmers busy doing in autumn?
Harvesting crops like rice and corn.
19. What do people wear to keep warm in winter?
Thick coats, scarves and gloves.
答案：15. For three/3 months.
16. No, it doesn't. /No.
17. Because they have a long holiday.
18. Harvesting crops like rice and corn.
19. Thick coats, scarves and gloves.
16. No, it doesn't. /No.
17. Because they have a long holiday.
18. Harvesting crops like rice and corn.
19. Thick coats, scarves and gloves.
解析：
【分析】
做此类任务型阅读时，需先明确每个问题的核心（如时间、原因、具体行为等），再带着问题回到原文对应季节的段落中定位相关句子，提取关键信息，同时注意答案需符合“不超过6个单词”的要求，一般疑问句需用对应回答格式（Yes/No）。
【解析】
15. 定位原文第一段：“In most parts of the world, spring starts in March and ends in May.” 三月至五月共三个月，故答案为For three months。
16. 定位原文第三段：“It is also a great time for camping and enjoying the cool wind.” 此处描述的是秋天而非春天，故答案为No, it doesn't。
17. 定位原文第二段：“Students have a long holiday, so they can travel with their families...” 可知原因是学生有长假，故答案为Because they have a long holiday。
18. 定位原文第三段：“Farmers are busy harvesting crops like rice and corn.” 直接提取关键内容，故答案为Harvesting crops like rice and corn。
19. 定位原文第四段：“People wear thick coats, scarves and gloves to keep warm.” 直接提取保暖衣物，故答案为Thick coats, scarves and gloves。
【答案】
15. For three months.
16. No, it doesn't.
17. Because they have a long holiday.
18. Harvesting crops like rice and corn.
19. Thick coats, scarves and gloves.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、季节话题词汇
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读的细节理解类题目，围绕“季节”主题展开，考查学生快速定位原文信息并简洁作答的能力，需注意答案的字数限制与回答的准确性，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3
做此类任务型阅读时，需先明确每个问题的核心（如时间、原因、具体行为等），再带着问题回到原文对应季节的段落中定位相关句子，提取关键信息，同时注意答案需符合“不超过6个单词”的要求，一般疑问句需用对应回答格式（Yes/No）。
【解析】
15. 定位原文第一段：“In most parts of the world, spring starts in March and ends in May.” 三月至五月共三个月，故答案为For three months。
16. 定位原文第三段：“It is also a great time for camping and enjoying the cool wind.” 此处描述的是秋天而非春天，故答案为No, it doesn't。
17. 定位原文第二段：“Students have a long holiday, so they can travel with their families...” 可知原因是学生有长假，故答案为Because they have a long holiday。
18. 定位原文第三段：“Farmers are busy harvesting crops like rice and corn.” 直接提取关键内容，故答案为Harvesting crops like rice and corn。
19. 定位原文第四段：“People wear thick coats, scarves and gloves to keep warm.” 直接提取保暖衣物，故答案为Thick coats, scarves and gloves。
【答案】
15. For three months.
16. No, it doesn't.
17. Because they have a long holiday.
18. Harvesting crops like rice and corn.
19. Thick coats, scarves and gloves.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、季节话题词汇
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读的细节理解类题目，围绕“季节”主题展开，考查学生快速定位原文信息并简洁作答的能力，需注意答案的字数限制与回答的准确性，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3