初中英语
八年级
上册
人教版
Ⅰ.完形填空
情境 素材 自制望远镜 「2026河南南阳十校期末」
Ma Junhe is a middle school student in Zhengzhou. He recently made a
Ma Junhe's interest in the
He didn't have much money so he had to be creative to find all the
Ma met many
Ma
"Seeing the Moon's craters through my telescope made me feel excited and
1.A.rocket B.spoon
C.telescope D.postcard
2.A.finish B.appear C.survive D.rise
3.A.biology B.medicine
C.history D.universe
4.A.decided B.regretted
C.forgot D.seemed
5.A.shapes B.materials
C.sizes D.colors
6.A.messages B.landscapes
C.objects D.challenges
7.A.warned B.allowed
C.advised D.invited
8.A.Because B.While
C.Before D.If
9.A.ask for B.focus on
C.care about D.deal with
10.A.failed B.waited
C.touched D.spread
11.A.left B.shouted
C.succeeded D.received
12.A.clearly B.heavily
C.happily D.surely
13.A.dangerous B.excellent
C.popular D.improper
14.A.ancient B.comfortable
C.firm D.common
15.A.afraid B.curious
C.proud D.awful
八年级
上册
人教版
Ⅰ.完形填空
情境 素材 自制望远镜 「2026河南南阳十校期末」
Ma Junhe is a middle school student in Zhengzhou. He recently made a
C
1. He only spent 70 yuan on it. Craters（环形山）on the Moon can B
2 in his eyes with his telescope's help.Ma Junhe's interest in the
D
3 encouraged him to create this telescope. After learning about the telescope in physics class, he A
4 to make one by himself.He didn't have much money so he had to be creative to find all the
B
5. He bought some online and used old materials for the rest.Ma met many
D
6 along the way. First, he used cardboard to make a lens cone（镜筒）, but it didn't work well. His teacher C
7 him to use a plastic pipe（管）. A
8 the eyepiece（目镜）was much smaller than the pipe's opening, it was difficult to make sure it was strong. To D
9 the problem, he tried many times.Ma
A
10 many times. He was very worried. Luckily, he finally C
11. His telescope has a magnification（放大率）of tens of times. He can A
12 see the Moon's craters through it. This magnification is quite B
13. Most of the D
14 telescopes usually magnify fewer times."Seeing the Moon's craters through my telescope made me feel excited and
C
15," said Ma. "Anyone can create something amazing."1.A.rocket B.spoon
C.telescope D.postcard
2.A.finish B.appear C.survive D.rise
3.A.biology B.medicine
C.history D.universe
4.A.decided B.regretted
C.forgot D.seemed
5.A.shapes B.materials
C.sizes D.colors
6.A.messages B.landscapes
C.objects D.challenges
7.A.warned B.allowed
C.advised D.invited
8.A.Because B.While
C.Before D.If
9.A.ask for B.focus on
C.care about D.deal with
10.A.failed B.waited
C.touched D.spread
11.A.left B.shouted
C.succeeded D.received
12.A.clearly B.heavily
C.happily D.surely
13.A.dangerous B.excellent
C.popular D.improper
14.A.ancient B.comfortable
C.firm D.common
15.A.afraid B.curious
C.proud D.awful
答案：I.［语篇解读］本文主要讲述了一位河南郑州的初中生在兴趣的驱使下，仅用70元自制了一台望远镜，该望远镜能清晰地看到月球上的环形山。
1.C 考查名词辨析。根据“with his telescope’s help”可知，他最近制作了一台望远镜。故选C。
2.B 考查动词辨析。根据“Craters on the Moon can…in his eyes with his telescope’s help.”可知，在望远镜的帮助下，环形山能出现在他的眼中。故选B。
3.D 考查名词辨析。根据“Craters on the Moon”可知，此处指对宇宙感兴趣。故选D。
4.A 考查动词辨析。根据“to make one by himself”可知，他决定自己做一个。故选A。
5.B 考查名词辨析。根据“He bought some online and used old materials for the rest.”可知，此处指找到所有的材料。故选B。
6.D 考查名词辨析。根据“it didn’t work well”可知，他遇到了很多挑战。故选D。
7.C 考查动词辨析。根据“His teacher…him to use a plastic pipe.”可知，老师建议他用塑料管。故选C。
8.A 考查连词辨析。根据“…the eyepiece was much smaller than the pipe’s opening, it was difficult to make sure it was strong.”可知，目镜比管道的开口小得多，很难确保它是坚固的，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
9.D 考查动词短语辨析。根据“To…the problem, he tried many times.”可知，此处指处理问题。故选D。
10.A 考查动词辨析。根据“He was very worried.”可知，他失败了很多次。故选A。
11.C 考查动词辨析。根据关键词“Luckily”可知，他最终成功了。故选C。
12.A 考查副词辨析。根据“His telescope has a magnification of tens of times.”和“Most of the… telescopes usually magnify fewer times.”可知，他制作的望远镜放大率很高，所以此处指他能清楚地看到月球上的环形山。故选A。
13.B 考查形容词辨析。根据“His telescope has a magnification of tens of times.”可知，他自制的望远镜放大率很高，excellent“极好的”符合语境。故选B。
14.D 考查形容词辨析。根据“Most of the…telescopes usually magnify fewer times.”可知，此处指普通的望远镜。故选D。
15.C 考查形容词辨析。根据“Seeing the Moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel excited”可知，通过自制的望远镜看到月球的环形山使他感到自豪。故选C。
1.C 考查名词辨析。根据“with his telescope’s help”可知，他最近制作了一台望远镜。故选C。
2.B 考查动词辨析。根据“Craters on the Moon can…in his eyes with his telescope’s help.”可知，在望远镜的帮助下，环形山能出现在他的眼中。故选B。
3.D 考查名词辨析。根据“Craters on the Moon”可知，此处指对宇宙感兴趣。故选D。
4.A 考查动词辨析。根据“to make one by himself”可知，他决定自己做一个。故选A。
5.B 考查名词辨析。根据“He bought some online and used old materials for the rest.”可知，此处指找到所有的材料。故选B。
6.D 考查名词辨析。根据“it didn’t work well”可知，他遇到了很多挑战。故选D。
7.C 考查动词辨析。根据“His teacher…him to use a plastic pipe.”可知，老师建议他用塑料管。故选C。
8.A 考查连词辨析。根据“…the eyepiece was much smaller than the pipe’s opening, it was difficult to make sure it was strong.”可知，目镜比管道的开口小得多，很难确保它是坚固的，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
9.D 考查动词短语辨析。根据“To…the problem, he tried many times.”可知，此处指处理问题。故选D。
10.A 考查动词辨析。根据“He was very worried.”可知，他失败了很多次。故选A。
11.C 考查动词辨析。根据关键词“Luckily”可知，他最终成功了。故选C。
12.A 考查副词辨析。根据“His telescope has a magnification of tens of times.”和“Most of the… telescopes usually magnify fewer times.”可知，他制作的望远镜放大率很高，所以此处指他能清楚地看到月球上的环形山。故选A。
13.B 考查形容词辨析。根据“His telescope has a magnification of tens of times.”可知，他自制的望远镜放大率很高，excellent“极好的”符合语境。故选B。
14.D 考查形容词辨析。根据“Most of the…telescopes usually magnify fewer times.”可知，此处指普通的望远镜。故选D。
15.C 考查形容词辨析。根据“Seeing the Moon’s craters through my telescope made me feel excited”可知，通过自制的望远镜看到月球的环形山使他感到自豪。故选C。
解析：
【分析】
首先通读全文把握主旨：本文讲述郑州初中生马君赫在兴趣驱使下，仅用70元自制望远镜的经历。解题时需结合上下文语境分析句子逻辑，辨析选项词汇的词义、词性，同时关注固定搭配与语法结构，代入答案验证是否符合语境。
【解析】
1. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“with his telescope’s help”可知，他制作的是望远镜，故选C。
2. 考查动词辨析。句意：在望远镜的帮助下，月球上的环形山能出现在他的眼中，appear意为“出现”，符合语境，故选B。
3. 考查名词辨析。根据前文提到的月球环形山，可知他对宇宙感兴趣，universe意为“宇宙”，故选D。
4. 考查动词辨析。句意：物理课上学到望远镜后，他决定自己做一个，decide意为“决定”，故选A。
5. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“bought some online and used old materials”可知，他寻找所有材料，materials意为“材料”，故选B。
6. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“it didn’t work well”可知，他遇到很多挑战，challenges意为“挑战”，故选D。
7. 考查动词辨析。句意：老师建议他用塑料管，advise意为“建议”，故选C。
8. 考查连词辨析。句意：因为目镜比管道开口小得多，很难确保坚固，用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为解决这个问题，他尝试了很多次，deal with意为“处理、解决”，故选D。
10. 考查动词辨析。根据后文“He was very worried”可知，他失败了很多次，failed意为“失败”，故选A。
11. 考查动词辨析。根据“Luckily”可知，他最终成功了，succeeded意为“成功”，故选C。
12. 考查副词辨析。他的望远镜放大率达几十倍，因此能清楚看到环形山，clearly意为“清楚地”，故选A。
13. 考查形容词辨析。自制望远镜放大率高，excellent意为“极好的”，符合语境，故选B。
14. 考查形容词辨析。句意：普通望远镜通常放大倍数更少，common意为“普通的”，故选D。
15. 考查形容词辨析。通过自制望远镜看到环形山，他感到兴奋和自豪，proud意为“自豪的”，故选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文以学生自制望远镜为情境素材，贴近学生生活，考查八年级学生对词汇的掌握及语境运用能力，题型典型，注重基础与实际应用结合，有助于培养学生创新意识。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先通读全文把握主旨：本文讲述郑州初中生马君赫在兴趣驱使下，仅用70元自制望远镜的经历。解题时需结合上下文语境分析句子逻辑，辨析选项词汇的词义、词性，同时关注固定搭配与语法结构，代入答案验证是否符合语境。
【解析】
1. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“with his telescope’s help”可知，他制作的是望远镜，故选C。
2. 考查动词辨析。句意：在望远镜的帮助下，月球上的环形山能出现在他的眼中，appear意为“出现”，符合语境，故选B。
3. 考查名词辨析。根据前文提到的月球环形山，可知他对宇宙感兴趣，universe意为“宇宙”，故选D。
4. 考查动词辨析。句意：物理课上学到望远镜后，他决定自己做一个，decide意为“决定”，故选A。
5. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“bought some online and used old materials”可知，他寻找所有材料，materials意为“材料”，故选B。
6. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“it didn’t work well”可知，他遇到很多挑战，challenges意为“挑战”，故选D。
7. 考查动词辨析。句意：老师建议他用塑料管，advise意为“建议”，故选C。
8. 考查连词辨析。句意：因为目镜比管道开口小得多，很难确保坚固，用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为解决这个问题，他尝试了很多次，deal with意为“处理、解决”，故选D。
10. 考查动词辨析。根据后文“He was very worried”可知，他失败了很多次，failed意为“失败”，故选A。
11. 考查动词辨析。根据“Luckily”可知，他最终成功了，succeeded意为“成功”，故选C。
12. 考查副词辨析。他的望远镜放大率达几十倍，因此能清楚看到环形山，clearly意为“清楚地”，故选A。
13. 考查形容词辨析。自制望远镜放大率高，excellent意为“极好的”，符合语境，故选B。
14. 考查形容词辨析。句意：普通望远镜通常放大倍数更少，common意为“普通的”，故选D。
15. 考查形容词辨析。通过自制望远镜看到环形山，他感到兴奋和自豪，proud意为“自豪的”，故选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文以学生自制望远镜为情境素材，贴近学生生活，考查八年级学生对词汇的掌握及语境运用能力，题型典型，注重基础与实际应用结合，有助于培养学生创新意识。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ.阅读理解
情境
素材
宠物看护员
「2026辽宁沈阳沈北新区期末」
In many big cities today, more and more people have pets. They love their cats and dogs, but they are often very busy with work and studies. So, a question comes up: who can help take care of their furry（毛茸茸的）animal friends when they are not at home? Now, there is a great answer. A new type of job is becoming popular, especially among young people. It's called pet sitting.
So, what does a pet sitter do? It's a simple but very important job. A pet sitter goes to an owner's house when the owner is away. They give the pet fresh food and water. They also play with the animal to keep it happy and active. Sometimes, they need to clean the pet's living area. One of the best parts of the job is taking photos and videos of the pet. They send these updates to the owners, so the owners don't worry and can see their pet is having a good time.
Many young people love this job for several reasons. First, they get to spend time with lovely animals. They say the feeling of being needed by a friendly dog or a cute cat is wonderful. What's more, the job has flexible（灵活的）hours. This means they can work on weekends or during holidays, which is perfect for students or people who already have another job. It is also a good way to earn some extra money while doing something fun and rewarding.
As more families in cities get pets, the need for kind and trustworthy（值得信赖的）pet sitters is growing quickly. This new job offers a perfect solution to busy owners and a happy experience to young animal lovers.
16.Who of the following is most likely to need a pet sitter?
A.Old people in the busy city.
B.Students without any pets.
C.Busy pet owners in the city.
D.People who work in small towns.
17.Why do pet sitters send photos and videos of the pets to the owners?
A.To show they are hard-working.
B.To share interesting pet stories.
C.To ask the owners for more money.
D.To make the owners not worry.
18.What's the best title for the text?
A.How to Take Care of Pets
B.The City's New Pet Sitters
C.Busy Pet Owners in Big Cities
D.Young People's Favourite Jobs
情境
素材
宠物看护员
「2026辽宁沈阳沈北新区期末」
In many big cities today, more and more people have pets. They love their cats and dogs, but they are often very busy with work and studies. So, a question comes up: who can help take care of their furry（毛茸茸的）animal friends when they are not at home? Now, there is a great answer. A new type of job is becoming popular, especially among young people. It's called pet sitting.
So, what does a pet sitter do? It's a simple but very important job. A pet sitter goes to an owner's house when the owner is away. They give the pet fresh food and water. They also play with the animal to keep it happy and active. Sometimes, they need to clean the pet's living area. One of the best parts of the job is taking photos and videos of the pet. They send these updates to the owners, so the owners don't worry and can see their pet is having a good time.
Many young people love this job for several reasons. First, they get to spend time with lovely animals. They say the feeling of being needed by a friendly dog or a cute cat is wonderful. What's more, the job has flexible（灵活的）hours. This means they can work on weekends or during holidays, which is perfect for students or people who already have another job. It is also a good way to earn some extra money while doing something fun and rewarding.
As more families in cities get pets, the need for kind and trustworthy（值得信赖的）pet sitters is growing quickly. This new job offers a perfect solution to busy owners and a happy experience to young animal lovers.
16.Who of the following is most likely to need a pet sitter?
A.Old people in the busy city.
B.Students without any pets.
C.Busy pet owners in the city.
D.People who work in small towns.
17.Why do pet sitters send photos and videos of the pets to the owners?
A.To show they are hard-working.
B.To share interesting pet stories.
C.To ask the owners for more money.
D.To make the owners not worry.
18.What's the best title for the text?
A.How to Take Care of Pets
B.The City's New Pet Sitters
C.Busy Pet Owners in Big Cities
D.Young People's Favourite Jobs
答案：Ⅱ.［语篇解读］本文主要介绍了一种新职业——宠物看护员，包括其工作内容、受欢迎的原因以及未来需求趋势。
16.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“They love their cats and dogs, but they are often very busy with work and studies.”可知，城市里忙碌的宠物主人不在家时最可能需要宠物看护员来照顾他们的宠物。故选C。
17.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They send these updates to the owners, so the owners don’t worry and can see their pet is having a good time.”可知，宠物看护员给主人发送宠物的照片和视频是为了让主人不担心。故选D。
18.B 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了城市中新兴的宠物看护员这一职业，选项B最符合文章主旨。故选B。
16.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“They love their cats and dogs, but they are often very busy with work and studies.”可知，城市里忙碌的宠物主人不在家时最可能需要宠物看护员来照顾他们的宠物。故选C。
17.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They send these updates to the owners, so the owners don’t worry and can see their pet is having a good time.”可知，宠物看护员给主人发送宠物的照片和视频是为了让主人不担心。故选D。
18.B 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了城市中新兴的宠物看护员这一职业，选项B最符合文章主旨。故选B。
解析：
【分析】
本题为阅读理解题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题的问题，回到原文定位对应信息，结合题干要求分析选项，选出正确答案。16题需定位“需要宠物看护员的人群”相关内容；17题定位“发送宠物照片视频的原因”；18题需归纳全文主旨确定标题。
【解析】
16题：根据第一段中“They love their cats and dogs, but they are often very busy with work and studies. So, a question comes up: who can help take care of their furry animal friends when they are not at home?”可知，城市里忙碌的宠物主人最需要宠物看护员，故选C。
17题：根据第二段中“They send these updates to the owners, so the owners don’t worry and can see their pet is having a good time.”可知，宠物看护员发送照片和视频是为了让主人不担心，故选D。
18题：全文围绕城市新兴的宠物看护员这一职业展开，介绍了其工作内容、受欢迎原因等，选项B最符合主旨，故选B。
【答案】
16.C 17.D 18.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文介绍了新兴职业宠物看护员，题目侧重考查学生定位原文信息、推理判断及归纳主旨的能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为阅读理解题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题的问题，回到原文定位对应信息，结合题干要求分析选项，选出正确答案。16题需定位“需要宠物看护员的人群”相关内容；17题定位“发送宠物照片视频的原因”；18题需归纳全文主旨确定标题。
【解析】
16题：根据第一段中“They love their cats and dogs, but they are often very busy with work and studies. So, a question comes up: who can help take care of their furry animal friends when they are not at home?”可知，城市里忙碌的宠物主人最需要宠物看护员，故选C。
17题：根据第二段中“They send these updates to the owners, so the owners don’t worry and can see their pet is having a good time.”可知，宠物看护员发送照片和视频是为了让主人不担心，故选D。
18题：全文围绕城市新兴的宠物看护员这一职业展开，介绍了其工作内容、受欢迎原因等，选项B最符合主旨，故选B。
【答案】
16.C 17.D 18.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文介绍了新兴职业宠物看护员，题目侧重考查学生定位原文信息、推理判断及归纳主旨的能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7