一、阅读短文,从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其正确形式填空
teamwork airport policeman headache countryside
There was a big forest fire in the
1.
teamwork airport policeman headache countryside
There was a big forest fire in the
countryside
1. Thousands of animals died in it. Many people in that area had a headache
2 because of the ashes. At that time, policemen
3 guided fire trucks through smoky roads to the forest. Volunteers gathered near the airport
4 to send people who were badly hurt by helicopter. Thanks to teamwork
5, the fire was put out.1.
countryside
2. headache
3. policemen
4. airport
5. teamwork
答案：1. countryside
2. headache
3. policemen
4. airport
5. teamwork
2. headache
3. policemen
4. airport
5. teamwork
解析：
【分析】首先通读短文，把握短文围绕森林火灾及救援的语境；再逐个分析每个空的语境，结合方框内单词的词义、固定搭配及名词单复数规则来选择合适的单词：1空需填表示地点的词，对应“乡村”；2空对应“头痛”的固定搭配；3空需填表示职业的复数名词；4空对应“机场”的地点；5空对应“团队合作”的词义。
【解析】1. 句意：乡村发生了一场森林大火，固定短语in the countryside（在乡村），故填countryside；2. 句意：那个地区很多人因为灰烬头痛，固定搭配have a headache（头痛），故填headache；3. 句意：当时警察引导消防车穿过烟雾弥漫的道路前往森林，此处泛指警察，policeman的复数形式为policemen，故填policemen；4. 句意：志愿者聚集在机场附近用直升机运送重伤员，airport（机场）符合语境，故填airport；5. 句意：多亏了团队合作，大火被扑灭，teamwork（团队合作）符合语境，故填teamwork。
【答案】1. countryside 2. headache 3. policemen 4. airport 5. teamwork
【知识点】名词词义辨析；固定搭配；名词单复数
【点评】本题为选词填空题型，需结合短文语境、固定搭配及名词单复数规则选择合适单词，难度适中，考查学生对基础词汇的运用能力。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 句意：乡村发生了一场森林大火，固定短语in the countryside（在乡村），故填countryside；2. 句意：那个地区很多人因为灰烬头痛，固定搭配have a headache（头痛），故填headache；3. 句意：当时警察引导消防车穿过烟雾弥漫的道路前往森林，此处泛指警察，policeman的复数形式为policemen，故填policemen；4. 句意：志愿者聚集在机场附近用直升机运送重伤员，airport（机场）符合语境，故填airport；5. 句意：多亏了团队合作，大火被扑灭，teamwork（团队合作）符合语境，故填teamwork。
【答案】1. countryside 2. headache 3. policemen 4. airport 5. teamwork
【知识点】名词词义辨析；固定搭配；名词单复数
【点评】本题为选词填空题型，需结合短文语境、固定搭配及名词单复数规则选择合适单词，难度适中，考查学生对基础词汇的运用能力。
【难度系数】0.7
二、阅读与回答问题
Natural disasters are very terrible. They can cause a lot of damage. To stay safe, it is necessary for us to learn about them.
Floods happen when there is too much water. Heavy rain for a long time can make rivers overflow. The water covers the land and enters people’s houses. It can destroy furniture, floors and walls. Floods also wash away bridges and roads.
Earthquakes are sudden and powerful. The ground shakes violently. Buildings can fall down during an earthquake. This is very dangerous because people can get trapped inside. After a big earthquake, there are often aftershocks. These are small earthquakes that can still cause damage.
Hurricanes are huge storms. They bring strong winds and heavy rain. The high-speed winds can blow down trees and power lines. Without power lines, people don’t have electricity. Hurricanes can also cause floods when the rain is too heavy.
1. What should we do to stay safe during natural disasters?
2. What can make rivers overflow?
3. What are aftershocks?
4. What can high-speed winds in hurricanes do?
5. What else can we do when facing natural disasters? (请自拟一句话作答)
Natural disasters are very terrible. They can cause a lot of damage. To stay safe, it is necessary for us to learn about them.
Floods happen when there is too much water. Heavy rain for a long time can make rivers overflow. The water covers the land and enters people’s houses. It can destroy furniture, floors and walls. Floods also wash away bridges and roads.
Earthquakes are sudden and powerful. The ground shakes violently. Buildings can fall down during an earthquake. This is very dangerous because people can get trapped inside. After a big earthquake, there are often aftershocks. These are small earthquakes that can still cause damage.
Hurricanes are huge storms. They bring strong winds and heavy rain. The high-speed winds can blow down trees and power lines. Without power lines, people don’t have electricity. Hurricanes can also cause floods when the rain is too heavy.
1. What should we do to stay safe during natural disasters?
Learn knowledge about them.
2. What can make rivers overflow?
Heavy rain for a long time.
3. What are aftershocks?
They are small earthquakes after a big earthquake.
4. What can high-speed winds in hurricanes do?
They can blow down trees and power lines.
5. What else can we do when facing natural disasters? (请自拟一句话作答)
We can prepare things like food, water and flashlights in advance. (言之有理即可)
答案：1. Learn knowledge about them.
2. Heavy rain for a long time.
3. They are small earthquakes after a big earthquake.
4. They can blow down trees and power lines.
5. We can prepare things like food, water and flashlights in advance.（言之有理即可）
2. Heavy rain for a long time.
3. They are small earthquakes after a big earthquake.
4. They can blow down trees and power lines.
5. We can prepare things like food, water and flashlights in advance.（言之有理即可）
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解简答题，需根据原文内容定位对应信息作答。解题思路：先通读全文理解大意，再针对每个问题的关键词，在原文中找到相关语句，提取准确信息；第5题需结合原文主题自拟合理答案，确保符合语境和要求。
【解析】
1. 问题问“为了安全我们该做什么”，定位原文第一段最后一句“To stay safe, it is necessary for us to learn about them.”，提取核心信息作答。
2. 问题问“什么让河水溢出”，定位原文第二段“Heavy rain for a long time can make rivers overflow.”，直接提取原因。
3. 问题问“余震是什么”，定位原文第三段“After a big earthquake, there are often aftershocks. These are small earthquakes that can still cause damage.”，整理表述作答。
4. 问题问“飓风中的高速风能做什么”，定位原文第四段“The high-speed winds can blow down trees and power lines.”，提取作用作答。
5. 问题要求自拟合理答案，结合面对自然灾害的准备常识，给出符合要求的表述。
【答案】
1. Learn knowledge about them.
2. Heavy rain for a long time.
3. They are small earthquakes after a big earthquake.
4. They can blow down trees and power lines.
5. We can prepare things like food, water and flashlights in advance.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】
本题考查学生英语阅读中定位细节信息的能力，第5题兼顾实际应用表达，整体难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语阅读理解简答题，需根据原文内容定位对应信息作答。解题思路：先通读全文理解大意，再针对每个问题的关键词，在原文中找到相关语句，提取准确信息；第5题需结合原文主题自拟合理答案，确保符合语境和要求。
【解析】
1. 问题问“为了安全我们该做什么”，定位原文第一段最后一句“To stay safe, it is necessary for us to learn about them.”，提取核心信息作答。
2. 问题问“什么让河水溢出”，定位原文第二段“Heavy rain for a long time can make rivers overflow.”，直接提取原因。
3. 问题问“余震是什么”，定位原文第三段“After a big earthquake, there are often aftershocks. These are small earthquakes that can still cause damage.”，整理表述作答。
4. 问题问“飓风中的高速风能做什么”，定位原文第四段“The high-speed winds can blow down trees and power lines.”，提取作用作答。
5. 问题要求自拟合理答案，结合面对自然灾害的准备常识，给出符合要求的表述。
【答案】
1. Learn knowledge about them.
2. Heavy rain for a long time.
3. They are small earthquakes after a big earthquake.
4. They can blow down trees and power lines.
5. We can prepare things like food, water and flashlights in advance.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】
本题考查学生英语阅读中定位细节信息的能力，第5题兼顾实际应用表达，整体难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8