Ⅰ. 完形填空
Cities around the world are racing to become "smart". It's just like a(n) 1 full of hard-working students. Take Toronto, Canada, for example. Tech company Google has made a 1,500-page 2. It is going to redevelop two streets with features such as snow-melting roads.
To 3 smart cities, we need lots of new technologies, such as robots and artificial intelligence(AI). These technologies will make cities safer and more efficient. 4, they will also bring many problems. As we know, the Internet and our computers may 5 from time to time. What should we do if they stop working suddenly? Can you 6 the result?
Tech products(产品) also age 7. Only a few years into their lives, they will have some problems. New technologies in 2023 will be out of date before 2025. We will need to replace them every few years. But who would want to 8 for these?
The most important problem is whether having a smart city will improve our ability to solve city problems. Smart technologies can't solve problems by 9. If AI programs discover a road that needs to be repaired(修理), it still needs people's help to do it.
As an engineer, I think smart technologies should have a place in cities. However, their place is not 10. For many of our city's problems, we don't really need latest technologies. The best of the old ideas work better.
1. A. hospital B. airport C. company D. school
2. A. plan B. mistake C. menu D. performance
3. A. discuss B. make C. build D. promise
4. A. Though B. Because C. However D. But
5. A. cut down B. turn down C. slow down D. break down
6. A. think about B. take over C. make sure D. make up
7. A. quietly B. quickly C. carefully D. loudly
8. A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take
9. A. itself B. herself C. himself D. themselves
10. A. nowhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. everywhere
Cities around the world are racing to become "smart". It's just like a(n) 1 full of hard-working students. Take Toronto, Canada, for example. Tech company Google has made a 1,500-page 2. It is going to redevelop two streets with features such as snow-melting roads.
To 3 smart cities, we need lots of new technologies, such as robots and artificial intelligence(AI). These technologies will make cities safer and more efficient. 4, they will also bring many problems. As we know, the Internet and our computers may 5 from time to time. What should we do if they stop working suddenly? Can you 6 the result?
Tech products(产品) also age 7. Only a few years into their lives, they will have some problems. New technologies in 2023 will be out of date before 2025. We will need to replace them every few years. But who would want to 8 for these?
The most important problem is whether having a smart city will improve our ability to solve city problems. Smart technologies can't solve problems by 9. If AI programs discover a road that needs to be repaired(修理), it still needs people's help to do it.
As an engineer, I think smart technologies should have a place in cities. However, their place is not 10. For many of our city's problems, we don't really need latest technologies. The best of the old ideas work better.
1. A. hospital B. airport C. company D. school
2. A. plan B. mistake C. menu D. performance
3. A. discuss B. make C. build D. promise
4. A. Though B. Because C. However D. But
5. A. cut down B. turn down C. slow down D. break down
6. A. think about B. take over C. make sure D. make up
7. A. quietly B. quickly C. carefully D. loudly
8. A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take
9. A. itself B. herself C. himself D. themselves
10. A. nowhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. everywhere
答案：本文主要讲述了建设智慧城市需要很多新技术以及智慧城市的一些弊端。
1－5 DACCD
6－10 ABBDD
1－5 DACCD
6－10 ABBDD
解析：
【分析】
做完形填空时，首先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕建设智慧城市展开，探讨所需技术及存在的问题）；再逐题结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系等分析选项：第1题由“full of hard-working students”判断对应“学校”；第2题Google为重建街道制定的是“计划”；第3题“建设智慧城市”对应动词“build”；第4题前后是转折关系且后接逗号，用“However”；第5题表示电脑/网络“出故障”用“break down”；第6题“考虑结果”用“think about”；第7题技术老化“快速地”用“quickly”；第8题固定搭配“pay for”；第9题指代复数名词“technologies”用反身代词“themselves”；第10题表示“到处”用“everywhere”。
【解析】
1. 语境理解：将城市比作充满勤奋学生的学校，故选D（school）；
2. 词义辨析：Google为重建街道制定1500页的计划，故选A（plan）；
3. 动词辨析：建设智慧城市用动词“build”，故选C；
4. 逻辑关系：前后为转折关系且空格后接逗号，用“However”，故选C；
5. 短语辨析：“break down”表示（机器、设备）出故障，符合语境，故选D；
6. 短语辨析：“think about”表示考虑，符合“考虑结果”的语境，故选A；
7. 副词辨析：“quickly”表示快速地，符合技术老化快的语境，故选B；
8. 固定搭配：“pay for”表示为……付款，故选B；
9. 反身代词：指代复数名词“technologies”，用“themselves”，故选D；
10. 语境理解：技术并非无处不在，故选D（everywhere）。
【答案】
1－5 DACCD；6－10 ABBDD
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文以智慧城市为主题，考查学生对词汇、语境及逻辑关系的综合运用能力，需结合上下文分析词义、判断逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做完形填空时，首先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕建设智慧城市展开，探讨所需技术及存在的问题）；再逐题结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系等分析选项：第1题由“full of hard-working students”判断对应“学校”；第2题Google为重建街道制定的是“计划”；第3题“建设智慧城市”对应动词“build”；第4题前后是转折关系且后接逗号，用“However”；第5题表示电脑/网络“出故障”用“break down”；第6题“考虑结果”用“think about”；第7题技术老化“快速地”用“quickly”；第8题固定搭配“pay for”；第9题指代复数名词“technologies”用反身代词“themselves”；第10题表示“到处”用“everywhere”。
【解析】
1. 语境理解：将城市比作充满勤奋学生的学校，故选D（school）；
2. 词义辨析：Google为重建街道制定1500页的计划，故选A（plan）；
3. 动词辨析：建设智慧城市用动词“build”，故选C；
4. 逻辑关系：前后为转折关系且空格后接逗号，用“However”，故选C；
5. 短语辨析：“break down”表示（机器、设备）出故障，符合语境，故选D；
6. 短语辨析：“think about”表示考虑，符合“考虑结果”的语境，故选A；
7. 副词辨析：“quickly”表示快速地，符合技术老化快的语境，故选B；
8. 固定搭配：“pay for”表示为……付款，故选B；
9. 反身代词：指代复数名词“technologies”，用“themselves”，故选D；
10. 语境理解：技术并非无处不在，故选D（everywhere）。
【答案】
1－5 DACCD；6－10 ABBDD
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文以智慧城市为主题，考查学生对词汇、语境及逻辑关系的综合运用能力，需结合上下文分析词义、判断逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
What will the house look like in the future? Could it have gardens on its walls or a pool with fish for dinner? Scientists predict that these are possible. And one thing for sure is that the houses will be as smart as possible.
The flying house
There are wings(翅膀）on both sides of the house, and there are many different kinds of wings that you can choose from. Wherever you want to go, the flying house can take you there in a short time. When the house is in the sky, it will form a cover right away so that the temperature inside won't change a lot.
The garden house
This design is about the future of food. There will be houses with special walls. On the outside wall are the gardens of the houses. People can plant tomatoes, carrots and onions on them. So every day, you just need to walk outside and collect your meals.
The lizard(蜥蜴）house
Like a lizard, changing colour with the weather is the most important design of a lizard house. When it's in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn white to protect it from strong heat. During winter days, it turns dark and takes in as much light and heat as possible to produce energy.
The tree house
Many scientists in the world would like to build a “tree house”. Like a leaf, the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity and even make the air fresher for the house. The “root(根)” of the house is deep down the ground.
Life in the future will be quite different. People will live a new lifestyle. You can see many changes in the future world.
1. If you want to go somewhere in a short time, what kind of house will you choose?
A. The flying house.
B. The garden house.
C. The tree house.
D. The lizard house.
2. We can heat water and produce electricity for the house with
A. a leaf from the tree
B. gardens on its wall
C. the energy from sunlight
D. wings on both sides
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. People will live in the trees in the future.
B. People will live just like a lizard in the future.
C. People will grow vegetables on the wall in the future.
D. People will fly with wings in the future.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Healthy life in the future.
B. Smart houses in the future.
C. New energy in the future.
D. Famous scientists in the future.
What will the house look like in the future? Could it have gardens on its walls or a pool with fish for dinner? Scientists predict that these are possible. And one thing for sure is that the houses will be as smart as possible.
The flying house
There are wings(翅膀）on both sides of the house, and there are many different kinds of wings that you can choose from. Wherever you want to go, the flying house can take you there in a short time. When the house is in the sky, it will form a cover right away so that the temperature inside won't change a lot.
The garden house
This design is about the future of food. There will be houses with special walls. On the outside wall are the gardens of the houses. People can plant tomatoes, carrots and onions on them. So every day, you just need to walk outside and collect your meals.
The lizard(蜥蜴）house
Like a lizard, changing colour with the weather is the most important design of a lizard house. When it's in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn white to protect it from strong heat. During winter days, it turns dark and takes in as much light and heat as possible to produce energy.
The tree house
Many scientists in the world would like to build a “tree house”. Like a leaf, the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity and even make the air fresher for the house. The “root(根)” of the house is deep down the ground.
Life in the future will be quite different. People will live a new lifestyle. You can see many changes in the future world.
1. If you want to go somewhere in a short time, what kind of house will you choose?
A. The flying house.
B. The garden house.
C. The tree house.
D. The lizard house.
2. We can heat water and produce electricity for the house with
C
.A. a leaf from the tree
B. gardens on its wall
C. the energy from sunlight
D. wings on both sides
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. People will live in the trees in the future.
B. People will live just like a lizard in the future.
C. People will grow vegetables on the wall in the future.
D. People will fly with wings in the future.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Healthy life in the future.
B. Smart houses in the future.
C. New energy in the future.
D. Famous scientists in the future.
答案：本文主要介绍了未来的房子是什么样的。
1－4 ACCB
1－4 ACCB
解析：
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握主旨，再针对每道题的问题定位原文对应内容，逐一分析选项：
1. 第1题问短时间去某地选哪种房子，定位“The flying house”段落，找到对应描述判断选项；
2. 第2题问加热水和发电的来源，定位“The tree house”段落，提取相关信息；
3. 第3题需判断正确陈述，逐一核对选项与原文细节是否一致；
4. 第4题问主旨，梳理全文核心内容确定答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据“The flying house”部分“Wherever you want to go, the flying house can take you there in a short time.”可知，飞行房子能短时间带你到达目的地，选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据“The tree house”部分“Like a leaf, the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity...”可知，收集的阳光能量可用于加热水、发电，选C。
3. 细节理解题：A项“住在树里”与原文“tree house（树屋）”的概念不符；B项“像蜥蜴生活”是房子的特性，并非人的生活方式；C项对应“The garden house”中“On the outside wall are the gardens...People can plant tomatoes, carrots...”，表述正确；D项是房子有翅膀，不是人带翅膀飞，选C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕未来的飞行房子、花园房子、蜥蜴房子、树房子等智能房屋展开，核心是介绍未来的智能房屋，选B。
【答案】
1-4 ACCB
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文是介绍未来智能房屋的英语阅读材料，题型涵盖细节理解和主旨大意，需学生具备快速定位原文、分析选项的能力，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握主旨，再针对每道题的问题定位原文对应内容，逐一分析选项：
1. 第1题问短时间去某地选哪种房子，定位“The flying house”段落，找到对应描述判断选项；
2. 第2题问加热水和发电的来源，定位“The tree house”段落，提取相关信息；
3. 第3题需判断正确陈述，逐一核对选项与原文细节是否一致；
4. 第4题问主旨，梳理全文核心内容确定答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据“The flying house”部分“Wherever you want to go, the flying house can take you there in a short time.”可知，飞行房子能短时间带你到达目的地，选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据“The tree house”部分“Like a leaf, the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity...”可知，收集的阳光能量可用于加热水、发电，选C。
3. 细节理解题：A项“住在树里”与原文“tree house（树屋）”的概念不符；B项“像蜥蜴生活”是房子的特性，并非人的生活方式；C项对应“The garden house”中“On the outside wall are the gardens...People can plant tomatoes, carrots...”，表述正确；D项是房子有翅膀，不是人带翅膀飞，选C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕未来的飞行房子、花园房子、蜥蜴房子、树房子等智能房屋展开，核心是介绍未来的智能房屋，选B。
【答案】
1-4 ACCB
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文是介绍未来智能房屋的英语阅读材料，题型涵盖细节理解和主旨大意，需学生具备快速定位原文、分析选项的能力，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7