阅读下列材料,从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Students in Denmark take national tests on a computer at different times. About 4 years' test results, researchers found something interesting. Students who took the test in the morning scored higher than those who took it in the afternoon.
So what happens? We might have noticed that in the afternoon we become less productive(有效益的) and the work we do is of lower quality. A lot of people around the world experience the same thing every day. That's called the afternoon slump(低迷).
Why does this happen? Our bodies are controlled by our circadian rhythm(昼夜规律) which is like a clock. It tells our bodies when to go to sleep and wake up. Our energy levels change with the circadian rhythm.
We are smarter and more energetic during some parts of the day, while during others, we are less energetic. For example, during the night we experience a large drop in energy, especially between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. However, our energy slowly rises after waking up until it reaches a peak(峰值) in the late morning. But that peak is then followed by an afternoon low, which we call the afternoon slump. The low appears about seven hours after waking up, which is usually between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. for most people. This is the time when people make more mistakes during the daytime. When the afternoon slump is over, it rises again. But as our body gets ready for sleep, it slowly drops.
The afternoon slump is natural, but there are some ways to regain(恢复) energy. Stretching(拉伸) for even 20 seconds, taking a break for about 15 minutes, eating a bar of black chocolate and so on can have a huge influence on your energy levels. Hopefully, you have a better idea about the afternoon slump and what you can do about it.
() 1. How does the writer support his idea in the third paragraph?
A. By comparing the fact.
B. By explaining the reason.
C. By giving an example.
D. By listing some numbers.
() 2. What can we know about the "afternoon slump"?
A. It only happens to students in Denmark.
B. It makes students score higher in tests.
C. It is caused by natural body rhythms.
D. It's a sign of serious health problems.
() 3. Which picture shows the change of the energy level with the time?
() 4. What can we infer according to the passage?
A. The afternoon slump can be completely avoided by getting enough sleep.
B. Our energy levels are the highest in the late morning.
C. The afternoon slump is a problem that only students face.
D. Simple actions like eating snacks may help get energy back.
A
Students in Denmark take national tests on a computer at different times. About 4 years' test results, researchers found something interesting. Students who took the test in the morning scored higher than those who took it in the afternoon.
So what happens? We might have noticed that in the afternoon we become less productive(有效益的) and the work we do is of lower quality. A lot of people around the world experience the same thing every day. That's called the afternoon slump(低迷).
Why does this happen? Our bodies are controlled by our circadian rhythm(昼夜规律) which is like a clock. It tells our bodies when to go to sleep and wake up. Our energy levels change with the circadian rhythm.
We are smarter and more energetic during some parts of the day, while during others, we are less energetic. For example, during the night we experience a large drop in energy, especially between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. However, our energy slowly rises after waking up until it reaches a peak(峰值) in the late morning. But that peak is then followed by an afternoon low, which we call the afternoon slump. The low appears about seven hours after waking up, which is usually between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. for most people. This is the time when people make more mistakes during the daytime. When the afternoon slump is over, it rises again. But as our body gets ready for sleep, it slowly drops.
The afternoon slump is natural, but there are some ways to regain(恢复) energy. Stretching(拉伸) for even 20 seconds, taking a break for about 15 minutes, eating a bar of black chocolate and so on can have a huge influence on your energy levels. Hopefully, you have a better idea about the afternoon slump and what you can do about it.
() 1. How does the writer support his idea in the third paragraph?
A. By comparing the fact.
B. By explaining the reason.
C. By giving an example.
D. By listing some numbers.
() 2. What can we know about the "afternoon slump"?
A. It only happens to students in Denmark.
B. It makes students score higher in tests.
C. It is caused by natural body rhythms.
D. It's a sign of serious health problems.
() 3. Which picture shows the change of the energy level with the time?
() 4. What can we infer according to the passage?
A. The afternoon slump can be completely avoided by getting enough sleep.
B. Our energy levels are the highest in the late morning.
C. The afternoon slump is a problem that only students face.
D. Simple actions like eating snacks may help get energy back.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D
解析：
1. 第三段围绕“下午低迷现象产生的原因”展开，解释了该现象受人体昼夜节律调控的原理，通过说明背后的逻辑原因来支撑观点，因此选B。
2. 细节判断：A选项，原文提到全世界很多人都会经历下午低迷，并非仅丹麦学生；B选项，下午低迷会使人效率降低，对应下午考试得分更低，和原文内容相悖；C选项，下午低迷由人体自然的昼夜节律引发，符合原文表述；D选项，原文明确说明下午低迷是自然现象，并非严重健康问题的信号，因此选C。
3. 能量变化规律：午夜时段能量持续走低，在凌晨2-4点达到低谷，醒来后能量逐步上升，在上午晚些时候达到峰值，随后下降，在下午1-4点进入下午低迷的低谷，之后能量再次回升，临近睡眠时又逐步下降，符合该规律的是图C，因此选C。
4. 推理判断：A选项，原文说明下午低迷是自然现象，无法通过充足睡眠完全避免；B选项“上午晚些时候能量最高”是原文直接给出的陈述内容，不属于推断得出的结论；C选项，下午低迷并非只有学生面对，全世界很多人都会经历；D选项，原文提到吃黑巧克力这类简单行为可以大幅提升能量水平，可推断出吃小零食这类简单动作有助于恢复能量，符合要求，因此选D。
2. 细节判断：A选项，原文提到全世界很多人都会经历下午低迷，并非仅丹麦学生；B选项，下午低迷会使人效率降低，对应下午考试得分更低，和原文内容相悖；C选项，下午低迷由人体自然的昼夜节律引发，符合原文表述；D选项，原文明确说明下午低迷是自然现象，并非严重健康问题的信号，因此选C。
3. 能量变化规律：午夜时段能量持续走低，在凌晨2-4点达到低谷，醒来后能量逐步上升，在上午晚些时候达到峰值，随后下降，在下午1-4点进入下午低迷的低谷，之后能量再次回升，临近睡眠时又逐步下降，符合该规律的是图C，因此选C。
4. 推理判断：A选项，原文说明下午低迷是自然现象，无法通过充足睡眠完全避免；B选项“上午晚些时候能量最高”是原文直接给出的陈述内容，不属于推断得出的结论；C选项，下午低迷并非只有学生面对，全世界很多人都会经历；D选项，原文提到吃黑巧克力这类简单行为可以大幅提升能量水平，可推断出吃小零食这类简单动作有助于恢复能量，符合要求，因此选D。