三、阅读理解（16分）
A
The word “cinch” means a thing that is certain to happen.
（
A. A survey. B. A report. C. A poem. D. A notice.
（
A. thinks he can B. waits for luck C. is the cleverest D. fears failure
（
A. You are really better than others.
B. Never compare yourself with others.
C. You should accept your weaknesses.
D. Thinking you’re not good at something makes it true.
（
A. Confidence leads to success.
B. Doubt is a natural part of achieving success.
C. Winning is only for the most talented persons.
D. Success comes from a strong body and quick action.
B
A
The word “cinch” means a thing that is certain to happen.
（
C
）1. What is the text?A. A survey. B. A report. C. A poem. D. A notice.
（
A
）2. What can be filled in the blank?A. thinks he can B. waits for luck C. is the cleverest D. fears failure
（
D
）3. What does the underlined sentence probably mean?A. You are really better than others.
B. Never compare yourself with others.
C. You should accept your weaknesses.
D. Thinking you’re not good at something makes it true.
（
A
）4. Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?A. Confidence leads to success.
B. Doubt is a natural part of achieving success.
C. Winning is only for the most talented persons.
D. Success comes from a strong body and quick action.
B
答案：1. C
2. A
3. D
4. A
2. A
3. D
4. A
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合文本内容逐一分析各小题：
1. 第1题判断文体：观察文本的格式与体裁特征，识别其所属类型；
2. 第2题填空：结合全文主旨“成功源于积极心态与自信”，推导空白处应填的内容；
3. 第3题句意理解：分析划线句子的含义，匹配对应选项；
4. 第4题主旨推断：梳理全文核心观点，确定作者最可能认同的内容。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文本是分行押韵的文学作品，属于诗歌，A（调查）、B（报告）、D（通知）均不符合，故选C。
2. 第2题：全文强调成功需要自信，最后一句“获胜者是______”应体现自信，A（认为自己能行）符合；B（等运气）、C（最聪明）、D（害怕失败）均不符，故选A。
3. 第3题：划线句意为“如果你认为自己会输，你就已经输了”，对应D选项“认为自己不擅长某事会让它成真”；A、B、C均与句意不符，故选D。
4. 第4题：全文核心是“成功始于人的意志，全在于心态”，即自信带来成功，A符合；B、C、D均与作者观点不符，故选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、文体判断、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕一首关于心态与成功的英文诗命题，考查学生对文体的识别、句意理解、主旨把握等阅读理解能力，题目难度适中，需结合文本细节与核心观点分析作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合文本内容逐一分析各小题：
1. 第1题判断文体：观察文本的格式与体裁特征，识别其所属类型；
2. 第2题填空：结合全文主旨“成功源于积极心态与自信”，推导空白处应填的内容；
3. 第3题句意理解：分析划线句子的含义，匹配对应选项；
4. 第4题主旨推断：梳理全文核心观点，确定作者最可能认同的内容。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文本是分行押韵的文学作品，属于诗歌，A（调查）、B（报告）、D（通知）均不符合，故选C。
2. 第2题：全文强调成功需要自信，最后一句“获胜者是______”应体现自信，A（认为自己能行）符合；B（等运气）、C（最聪明）、D（害怕失败）均不符，故选A。
3. 第3题：划线句意为“如果你认为自己会输，你就已经输了”，对应D选项“认为自己不擅长某事会让它成真”；A、B、C均与句意不符，故选D。
4. 第4题：全文核心是“成功始于人的意志，全在于心态”，即自信带来成功，A符合；B、C、D均与作者观点不符，故选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、文体判断、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕一首关于心态与成功的英文诗命题，考查学生对文体的识别、句意理解、主旨把握等阅读理解能力，题目难度适中，需结合文本细节与核心观点分析作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
Mary Anning was born in Lyme Regis, a seaside town in the UK, in 1799. Her parents had ten kids, but only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up.
Mary’s father didn’t make much money in his job as a cupboard maker, so he decided to make their life better by looking for fossils（化石）at the beach and selling them to tourists. Young Mary and Joseph would join him, and they developed a deep love of fossil hunting.
After their father died in 1810, Mary and Joseph carried on hunting fossils to support the family. When Mary was 12, they found a strange 5.2-metre-long skeleton（骨骼）. At first, scientists thought it was a fish-like living thing from faraway places. Later, they realized it was an ancient reptile（爬行动物）.
In 1823, Mary and her dog made another big discovery: a long-necked ancient reptile which looked so strange that many people thought it was fake at first! She also found a flying ancient reptile. These helped her know what their lives were like. She learned geology（地质学）and scientific drawing by herself later. Mary was so highly skilled that she took important scientists to fossil hunting and discussed ideas with them.
Mary died in 1847. In her life, although she was well-known for her discoveries, she wasn’t taken seriously as a scientist because she was a woman and came from a poor family. Some men scientists even said her discoveries were theirs. But now Mary is widely considered as an early explorer in the study of fossils and the greatest fossil hunter ever!
（
（
A. She became famous quickly.
B. She lost some of her discoveries.
C. Her work was recognized late.
D. She was respected by other scientists.
（
a. Mary’s father died.
b. Mary discovered the first fossil.
c. Mary found a long-necked reptile fossil.
d. Mary joined father in fossil hunting.
A. d→a→b→c
B. b→c→d→a
C. c→d→b→a
D. d→b→a→c
（
A. Great Fossil Hunting
B. Pioneer of Fossil Hunters
C. Poor Girl Becomes Famous
D. Facts about Ancient Fossils
Mary’s father didn’t make much money in his job as a cupboard maker, so he decided to make their life better by looking for fossils（化石）at the beach and selling them to tourists. Young Mary and Joseph would join him, and they developed a deep love of fossil hunting.
After their father died in 1810, Mary and Joseph carried on hunting fossils to support the family. When Mary was 12, they found a strange 5.2-metre-long skeleton（骨骼）. At first, scientists thought it was a fish-like living thing from faraway places. Later, they realized it was an ancient reptile（爬行动物）.
In 1823, Mary and her dog made another big discovery: a long-necked ancient reptile which looked so strange that many people thought it was fake at first! She also found a flying ancient reptile. These helped her know what their lives were like. She learned geology（地质学）and scientific drawing by herself later. Mary was so highly skilled that she took important scientists to fossil hunting and discussed ideas with them.
Mary died in 1847. In her life, although she was well-known for her discoveries, she wasn’t taken seriously as a scientist because she was a woman and came from a poor family. Some men scientists even said her discoveries were theirs. But now Mary is widely considered as an early explorer in the study of fossils and the greatest fossil hunter ever!
（
C
）5. Which picture is most likely to be the fossil Mary discovered at age 12?（
C
）6. What can be learned about Mary from the last paragraph?A. She became famous quickly.
B. She lost some of her discoveries.
C. Her work was recognized late.
D. She was respected by other scientists.
（
A
）7. What is the correct order of Mary Anning’s life?a. Mary’s father died.
b. Mary discovered the first fossil.
c. Mary found a long-necked reptile fossil.
d. Mary joined father in fossil hunting.
A. d→a→b→c
B. b→c→d→a
C. c→d→b→a
D. d→b→a→c
（
B
）8. What is the best title for the passage?A. Great Fossil Hunting
B. Pioneer of Fossil Hunters
C. Poor Girl Becomes Famous
D. Facts about Ancient Fossils
答案：5. C
6. C
7. A
8. B
6. C
7. A
8. B
解析：
【分析】
本题为人物传记类阅读理解，需通过定位原文关键信息解答各题：第5题定位Mary12岁发现的化石特征，对应图C；第6题分析最后一段内容，判断Mary工作的认可时间；第7题梳理Mary生活事件的先后顺序；第8题概括全文主旨。
【解析】
5. 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“When Mary was 12, they found a strange 5.2-metre-long skeleton. At first, scientists thought it was a fish-like living thing from faraway places. Later, they realized it was an ancient reptile.”可知，该化石是类似鱼的古代爬行动物，对应选项图C，故选C。
6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In her life, although she was well-known for her discoveries, she wasn’t taken seriously as a scientist... But now Mary is widely considered as an early explorer...”可知，Mary生前未被作为科学家重视，死后才被广泛认可，即工作被晚认可，故选C。
7. 细节排序题。根据原文事件顺序：①Mary加入父亲一起找化石（对应d）；②父亲去世（对应a）；③Mary12岁发现第一个化石（对应b）；④Mary发现长颈爬行动物化石（对应c），顺序为d→a→b→c，故选A。
8. 主旨大意题。全文围绕Mary Anning作为伟大的化石猎人，是化石研究的早期开拓者展开，B选项“Pioneer of Fossil Hunters”最贴合主旨，故选B。
【答案】
5. C；6. C；7. A；8. B
【知识点】
阅读理解，细节理解，主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查人物传记类阅读理解，侧重细节查找、逻辑排序和主旨概括能力，难度适中，需准确定位原文关键信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为人物传记类阅读理解，需通过定位原文关键信息解答各题：第5题定位Mary12岁发现的化石特征，对应图C；第6题分析最后一段内容，判断Mary工作的认可时间；第7题梳理Mary生活事件的先后顺序；第8题概括全文主旨。
【解析】
5. 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“When Mary was 12, they found a strange 5.2-metre-long skeleton. At first, scientists thought it was a fish-like living thing from faraway places. Later, they realized it was an ancient reptile.”可知，该化石是类似鱼的古代爬行动物，对应选项图C，故选C。
6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In her life, although she was well-known for her discoveries, she wasn’t taken seriously as a scientist... But now Mary is widely considered as an early explorer...”可知，Mary生前未被作为科学家重视，死后才被广泛认可，即工作被晚认可，故选C。
7. 细节排序题。根据原文事件顺序：①Mary加入父亲一起找化石（对应d）；②父亲去世（对应a）；③Mary12岁发现第一个化石（对应b）；④Mary发现长颈爬行动物化石（对应c），顺序为d→a→b→c，故选A。
8. 主旨大意题。全文围绕Mary Anning作为伟大的化石猎人，是化石研究的早期开拓者展开，B选项“Pioneer of Fossil Hunters”最贴合主旨，故选B。
【答案】
5. C；6. C；7. A；8. B
【知识点】
阅读理解，细节理解，主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查人物传记类阅读理解，侧重细节查找、逻辑排序和主旨概括能力，难度适中，需准确定位原文关键信息。
【难度系数】
0.6