四、阅读理解。〔人与自然——自然生态〕
Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is in the Himalayan Mountains between Nepal(尼泊尔) and China, and it is 8,848.86 metres high. Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand(新西兰) and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal were the first people ever to climb it in 1953. Men from several different countries climbed it after that.
Junko Tabei was the first woman to make this difficult climb. A Japanese newspaper-television company chose fifteen women from mountaineering clubs to climb Mount Qomolangma in 1975. The group climbed for several days. Then there was an accident. The heavy ice and snow hurt(伤害) ten of the women. They had to stop climbing. The other five went on climbing.
Only Ms Tabei was able to climb the last 70 metres. She was standing on the top of the world. She was the first woman there. Ms Tabei was 35 years old at the time. She started climbing mountains in 1960. She was not an ordinary Japanese housewife. Ms Tabei made money for her trips by teaching English and the piano to children. She climbed a mountain about every three years. She climbed some of the highest mountains in six countries. She wanted to climb the highest mountain in every country in the world. When she reached the top of a mountain, she thought, "I'm glad that I'm on the top. "
1. Two men from
A. Japan
B. Nepal
C. New Zealand
D. B & C
2. What happened to ten of the women climbers on the way to the top of Mount Qomolangma?
A. They were too tired to climb it.
B. There was no air for them.
C. The heavy snow stopped them.
D. They were hurt by heavy ice and snow.
3. How many women climbed up to the top of Mount Qomolangma in 1975?
A. One.
B. Five.
C. Ten.
D. Fifteen.
4. Which is true about Ms Tabei?
A. She was a housewife who climbed many high mountains in the world.
B. She made money by teaching children English and the violin.
C. She was a usual housewife.
D. She climbed the highest mountain in the world many times.
Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is in the Himalayan Mountains between Nepal(尼泊尔) and China, and it is 8,848.86 metres high. Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand(新西兰) and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal were the first people ever to climb it in 1953. Men from several different countries climbed it after that.
Junko Tabei was the first woman to make this difficult climb. A Japanese newspaper-television company chose fifteen women from mountaineering clubs to climb Mount Qomolangma in 1975. The group climbed for several days. Then there was an accident. The heavy ice and snow hurt(伤害) ten of the women. They had to stop climbing. The other five went on climbing.
Only Ms Tabei was able to climb the last 70 metres. She was standing on the top of the world. She was the first woman there. Ms Tabei was 35 years old at the time. She started climbing mountains in 1960. She was not an ordinary Japanese housewife. Ms Tabei made money for her trips by teaching English and the piano to children. She climbed a mountain about every three years. She climbed some of the highest mountains in six countries. She wanted to climb the highest mountain in every country in the world. When she reached the top of a mountain, she thought, "I'm glad that I'm on the top. "
1. Two men from
D
climbed Mount Qomolangma in 1953.A. Japan
B. Nepal
C. New Zealand
D. B & C
2. What happened to ten of the women climbers on the way to the top of Mount Qomolangma?
A. They were too tired to climb it.
B. There was no air for them.
C. The heavy snow stopped them.
D. They were hurt by heavy ice and snow.
3. How many women climbed up to the top of Mount Qomolangma in 1975?
A. One.
B. Five.
C. Ten.
D. Fifteen.
4. Which is true about Ms Tabei?
A. She was a housewife who climbed many high mountains in the world.
B. She made money by teaching children English and the violin.
C. She was a usual housewife.
D. She climbed the highest mountain in the world many times.
答案：1~4. DDAA
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇以登山人物为主题的细节类阅读理解题，解题时优先圈出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词返回原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文信息逐一比对，排除不符合原文描述的错误选项，就能快速得到正确答案：比如第一题抓关键词1953、两名登山者的国籍，回第一段定位；第二题抓关键词十名女登山者的遭遇，回第二段定位；第三题抓1975年登顶的女性数量，回第二、三段定位；第四题抓Ms Tabei的相关描述，回第三段逐一核对选项即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal were the first people ever to climb it in 1953"可知，1953年首次登顶珠峰的两人分别来自新西兰和尼泊尔，B、C两个选项都正确，因此选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段"The heavy ice and snow hurt ten of the women. They had to stop climbing"可知，十名女登山者被厚重的冰雪弄伤，不得不停止攀登，对应D选项描述，因此选D。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段可知15名女登山者里10人受伤退出，剩余5人继续攀登，再结合第三段"Only Ms Tabei was able to climb the last 70 metres. She was standing on the top of the world"可知，最终只有田部井淳子1人成功登顶，因此选A。
4. 细节判断题：逐一比对选项：
A选项：原文提到她是日本家庭主妇，还攀登过6个国家的多座高峰，符合描述，正确；
B选项：原文提到她靠教孩子英语和钢琴赚钱，不是小提琴，错误；
C选项：原文明确说明她不是普通的日本家庭主妇，错误；
D选项：全文只提到她是首位登顶珠峰的女性，没有提到她多次登顶珠峰，错误。因此选A。
【答案】
1~4. DDAA
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，文本信息比对，事实正误判断
【点评】
本题属于难度较低的记叙文类阅读，所有题目的答案都能在原文中直接找到对应线索，没有设置复杂的推理陷阱，主要考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、回文定位信息的能力，只要认真对照原文内容核对选项，就能顺利选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇以登山人物为主题的细节类阅读理解题，解题时优先圈出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词返回原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文信息逐一比对，排除不符合原文描述的错误选项，就能快速得到正确答案：比如第一题抓关键词1953、两名登山者的国籍，回第一段定位；第二题抓关键词十名女登山者的遭遇，回第二段定位；第三题抓1975年登顶的女性数量，回第二、三段定位；第四题抓Ms Tabei的相关描述，回第三段逐一核对选项即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal were the first people ever to climb it in 1953"可知，1953年首次登顶珠峰的两人分别来自新西兰和尼泊尔，B、C两个选项都正确，因此选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段"The heavy ice and snow hurt ten of the women. They had to stop climbing"可知，十名女登山者被厚重的冰雪弄伤，不得不停止攀登，对应D选项描述，因此选D。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段可知15名女登山者里10人受伤退出，剩余5人继续攀登，再结合第三段"Only Ms Tabei was able to climb the last 70 metres. She was standing on the top of the world"可知，最终只有田部井淳子1人成功登顶，因此选A。
4. 细节判断题：逐一比对选项：
A选项：原文提到她是日本家庭主妇，还攀登过6个国家的多座高峰，符合描述，正确；
B选项：原文提到她靠教孩子英语和钢琴赚钱，不是小提琴，错误；
C选项：原文明确说明她不是普通的日本家庭主妇，错误；
D选项：全文只提到她是首位登顶珠峰的女性，没有提到她多次登顶珠峰，错误。因此选A。
【答案】
1~4. DDAA
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，文本信息比对，事实正误判断
【点评】
本题属于难度较低的记叙文类阅读，所有题目的答案都能在原文中直接找到对应线索，没有设置复杂的推理陷阱，主要考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、回文定位信息的能力，只要认真对照原文内容核对选项，就能顺利选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8