四、跨学科 地理 阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:气候特征
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
When your town has winter, the earth's axis(轴) is pointing away from the sun. Your town doesn't get as much light or heat from the sun. The day is shorter and colder.
Winter and summer happen because the earth tilts(倾斜) as it revolve around the sun. The northern end of the earth's axis points towards the sun in summer. You have more hours of light in summer. Your part of the earth is towards the sun for more hours each day. When the part of the earth where you live is towards the sun, you have hotter days. In winter, when your part of the earth points away from the sun, you have colder days.
You have learned about winter and summer. There are two more seasons in a year. One comes after winter and before summer. The other season comes after summer and before winter. Can you name them? That's right. Spring comes between winter and summer and autumn comes after summer but before winter.
The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring and autumn are opposite seasons. Which season do you like best?
You have thought about the four seasons of a year. Each season is different. The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun.
Your part of the world gets more heat from the sun when the northern end of the axis points to the sun. When the axis points away from the sun, you get less heat. Now you know why winter is colder than summer. The axis is pointing away from the sun in winter. It is pointing towards the sun in summer.
1. What does the underlined phrase "revolves around" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Moves around.
B. Turns around.
C. Jumps around.
D. Looks around.
2. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How four seasons happen.
B. How the weather changes.
C. When the earth's axis points towards the sun.
D. When the earth's axis points away from the sun.
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. In spring, the northern end of the earth's axis points towards the sun.
B. We have more hours of light in winter than in summer.
C. Autumn comes between winter and summer.
D. The four seasons happen because of the earth's tilt as it revolves around the sun.
4. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A film guide.
B. A storybook.
C. A science magazine.
D. A book review.
主题群:自然生态
子主题:气候特征
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
When your town has winter, the earth's axis(轴) is pointing away from the sun. Your town doesn't get as much light or heat from the sun. The day is shorter and colder.
Winter and summer happen because the earth tilts(倾斜) as it revolve around the sun. The northern end of the earth's axis points towards the sun in summer. You have more hours of light in summer. Your part of the earth is towards the sun for more hours each day. When the part of the earth where you live is towards the sun, you have hotter days. In winter, when your part of the earth points away from the sun, you have colder days.
You have learned about winter and summer. There are two more seasons in a year. One comes after winter and before summer. The other season comes after summer and before winter. Can you name them? That's right. Spring comes between winter and summer and autumn comes after summer but before winter.
The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring and autumn are opposite seasons. Which season do you like best?
You have thought about the four seasons of a year. Each season is different. The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun.
Your part of the world gets more heat from the sun when the northern end of the axis points to the sun. When the axis points away from the sun, you get less heat. Now you know why winter is colder than summer. The axis is pointing away from the sun in winter. It is pointing towards the sun in summer.
1. What does the underlined phrase "revolves around" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Moves around.
B. Turns around.
C. Jumps around.
D. Looks around.
2. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How four seasons happen.
B. How the weather changes.
C. When the earth's axis points towards the sun.
D. When the earth's axis points away from the sun.
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. In spring, the northern end of the earth's axis points towards the sun.
B. We have more hours of light in winter than in summer.
C. Autumn comes between winter and summer.
D. The four seasons happen because of the earth's tilt as it revolves around the sun.
4. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A film guide.
B. A storybook.
C. A science magazine.
D. A book review.
答案：[语篇解读] 本文介绍了四个季节是如何形成的。
1. A 词义猜测题。根据 the earth tilts as it revolves around the sun 及常识可知，表达地球绕着太阳旋转，revolve around 指的是“绕着……转动”，与 move around 同义。
2. A 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“You have thought about the four seasons of a year. Each season is different. The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun.”可知，文章主要讲述的是四季是如何形成的。
3. D 4. C
方法归纳
阅读理解之主旨大意题
做主旨大意题时，重点关注文章开头、结尾以及每段的主题句，快速抓住文章中心话题。不要被文中细节信息干扰，排除只概括部分内容的选项。选择最能全面、准确反映文章主要内容的选项。
1. A 词义猜测题。根据 the earth tilts as it revolves around the sun 及常识可知，表达地球绕着太阳旋转，revolve around 指的是“绕着……转动”，与 move around 同义。
2. A 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“You have thought about the four seasons of a year. Each season is different. The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun.”可知，文章主要讲述的是四季是如何形成的。
3. D 4. C
方法归纳
阅读理解之主旨大意题
做主旨大意题时，重点关注文章开头、结尾以及每段的主题句，快速抓住文章中心话题。不要被文中细节信息干扰，排除只概括部分内容的选项。选择最能全面、准确反映文章主要内容的选项。
解析：
【分析】本题为跨学科英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、主旨大意、细节理解、文章出处四类题型。解题思路如下：1. 词义猜测题需结合上下文语境及地理常识推断短语含义；2. 主旨大意题需定位文章主题句，梳理核心内容；3. 细节理解题需回原文定位对应信息，逐一比对选项；4. 文章出处题需根据语篇内容的科普属性判断来源。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“the earth tilts as it revolves around the sun”及地理常识，地球绕太阳旋转，“revolves around”意为“绕着……转动”，与A选项“Moves around”同义；B选项侧重“转身”，C选项意为“四处跳跃”，D选项意为“环顾”，均不符合语境，故选A。
2. 主旨大意题：文章围绕四季形成的原因展开，倒数第二段明确指出“The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun”，核心是四季如何形成，A选项符合；B选项“天气变化”未提及，C、D仅为部分细节，不全面，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：A选项：夏天地轴北端指向太阳，而非春天，错误；B选项：夏天光照时间更长，冬天更短，错误；C选项：秋天在夏季和冬季之间，错误；D选项：四季因地球绕太阳旋转时倾斜形成，与原文一致，故选D。
4. 文章出处题：语篇介绍四季形成的科学知识，属于科普内容，最可能来自科学杂志，C选项符合；A电影指南、B故事书、D书评均不匹配，故选C。
【答案】1.A 2.A 3.D 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题为跨学科综合题，结合地理知识考查英语阅读解题能力，题型覆盖常见阅读考点，难度适中，需学生掌握阅读解题技巧并结合跨学科常识作答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“the earth tilts as it revolves around the sun”及地理常识，地球绕太阳旋转，“revolves around”意为“绕着……转动”，与A选项“Moves around”同义；B选项侧重“转身”，C选项意为“四处跳跃”，D选项意为“环顾”，均不符合语境，故选A。
2. 主旨大意题：文章围绕四季形成的原因展开，倒数第二段明确指出“The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun”，核心是四季如何形成，A选项符合；B选项“天气变化”未提及，C、D仅为部分细节，不全面，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：A选项：夏天地轴北端指向太阳，而非春天，错误；B选项：夏天光照时间更长，冬天更短，错误；C选项：秋天在夏季和冬季之间，错误；D选项：四季因地球绕太阳旋转时倾斜形成，与原文一致，故选D。
4. 文章出处题：语篇介绍四季形成的科学知识，属于科普内容，最可能来自科学杂志，C选项符合；A电影指南、B故事书、D书评均不匹配，故选C。
【答案】1.A 2.A 3.D 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题为跨学科综合题，结合地理知识考查英语阅读解题能力，题型覆盖常见阅读考点，难度适中，需学生掌握阅读解题技巧并结合跨学科常识作答。
【难度系数】0.7