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四、还原信息(10分)
Sharks have been around for hundreds of millions of years. 1.
C
Some live near the surface, some live deep in the water, and others on or near the ocean floor.
Sharks are often thought to be dangerous. We sometimes read about shark attacks. In 1975, the film Jaws was produced and many people were afraid of the great white shark which attacked humans in a seaside town. 2.
A
It can reach 6 metres long and up to 2 000 kilograms. It has nearly 300 sharp teeth, so it can cut a man’s leg with a single bite.
3.
B
The pigmy shark, for example, is only about 20 centimetres long. There are almost 400 kinds of sharks and over half are less than a metre long. The biggest sharks are not dangerous to humans at all. The basking shark and the whale shark grow to around 12 metres.
4.
G

Only about 25 kinds are dangerous to people. Of these the bull shark is the one that is most likely to attack people. 5.
F
Less than one hundred people are attacked by sharks each year. In fact, you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or by bees than by a shark.
A. The great white is a scaring animal.
B. But not all sharks are like the great white.
C. They live in oceans and seas around the world.
D. We can't imagine such things can happen.
E. A shark is a large fish that is dangerous to humans.
F. It swims in very shallow (浅的) waters where people swim.
G. But none of them has been reported to have attacked people.
答案:1. C
2. A
3. B
4. G
5. F
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语七选五还原信息题,解题思路是先通读全文把握各段主旨,再结合空格前后句内容,分析句子间的逻辑关系(顺承、转折、解释等),逐一匹配对应选项。需重点关注上下文的话题衔接、指代关系及语义转折等细节。
【解析】
1. 第1空后提到鲨鱼的不同生存位置,选项C“它们生活在世界各地的海洋”承接上文鲨鱼的存在,引出下文关于生存位置的描述,故选C;
2. 第2空后具体介绍大白鲨的体型、牙齿等特征,选项A“大白鲨是一种可怕的动物”引出下文对大白鲨的详细说明,故选A;
3. 第3空后列举小型鲨鱼的例子,说明并非所有鲨鱼都危险,选项B“但不是所有鲨鱼都像大白鲨”起到转折过渡作用,衔接上文对大白鲨的描述,故选B;
4. 第4空后提到仅约25种鲨鱼对人类危险,选项G“但没有一种被报道攻击过人”承接上文对鲨鱼体型的介绍,转折说明多数鲨鱼不攻击人类,故选G;
5. 第5空前指出公牛鲨最可能攻击人类,选项F“它在人们游泳的浅水区游”解释公牛鲨易攻击人的原因,故选F。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.G 5.F
【知识点】英语七选五题型、阅读理解语境衔接
【点评】本题考查学生对英语文章上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用,要求学生梳理句子间的衔接逻辑,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
五、词汇运用(9分)
1. Animals living in the
wild
(自然环境)are happier than those in the cages.
2. Grandpa is
sick
(生病的)in hospital for a week. We are worried about him.
3. You can find
Indian
(印度的)food, Western food or Japanese food in Singapore.
4. I sent the jeans back to the online store, because I looked
fat
(胖的)in them.
5. In ancient times, people collected fruit and
hunted
(猎杀)to make a living.
6. The
birth
(born)of the baby means hope and joy for the family.
7. In fact, eating too much sweet food may lead to(导致)a lot of
illnesses
(ill).
8. Could you tell me what the book you borrowed is
mainly
(main)about?
9.
Wolves
(wolf)usually live in a group while bears often live alone.
答案:1. wild
2. sick
3. Indian
4. fat
5. hunted
6. birth
7. illnesses
8. mainly
9. Wolves
解析:
【分析】
本题为词汇运用题,需结合句意、括号内提示(中文释义或原词),依据语法规则(词性、时态、单复数等)填写正确形式。解题思路:1. 先明确每小题括号内的提示类型;2. 判断所需单词的词性;3. 结合句子语境、并列结构、主谓一致等语法要求,调整单词的正确形式(如动词过去式、名词复数、形容词变副词、名词派生等),最终得出答案。
【解析】
1. 句意:生活在自然环境(野外)的动物比笼子里的更快乐,“自然环境”对应名词wild,符合语境。
2. 句意:爷爷生病住院一周,我们很担心,“生病的”对应形容词sick,构成be sick in hospital结构。
3. 句意:在新加坡能找到印度食物、西餐或日本食物,“印度的”对应形容词Indian,修饰名词food。
4. 句意:我把牛仔裤退回网店,因为我穿它们看起来胖,“胖的”对应形容词fat,构成look fat结构。
5. 句意:古代人们采集水果和猎杀动物谋生,and连接并列谓语,collected为过去式,故填hunted(猎杀的过去式)。
6. 句意:婴儿的出生对家庭意味着希望和欢乐,the后需接名词,born的名词形式为birth(出生)。
7. 句意:事实上,吃太多甜食可能导致很多疾病,a lot of后接可数名词复数,ill的名词形式为illness,复数为illnesses。
8. 句意:你能告诉我你借的那本书主要是关于什么的吗?需用副词修饰动词短语be about,main的副词形式为mainly。
9. 句意:狼通常群居,而熊常独居,谓语live为复数形式,主语需用名词复数,wolf的复数为Wolves。
【答案】
1. wild 2. sick 3. Indian 4. fat 5. hunted 6. birth 7. illnesses 8. mainly 9. Wolves
【知识点】
词汇运用、词性转换、名词单复数
【点评】
本题考查初中基础词汇的运用,涵盖根据中文提示填词、词形转换(如名词派生、形容词变副词、动词过去式、名词复数变化等),侧重考查核心词汇的掌握及语境运用能力,难度适中,是常见基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次(5分)
serious protect pollute nature reserve in danger
Animals are our friends. But many wild animals are 1.
in danger
because their living environment has changed greatly. For example, their living areas have become smaller and smaller because of the development of cities and 2.
pollution
. Moreover, humans are killing animals just for their fur, skin, teeth and meat.
People should know how 3.
serious
the problems are and we should do something 4.
to protect
them. We should build more 5.
nature reserves
, so that animals can live freely. Besides, people should not kill the endangered(濒危的)animals or eat their meat. We should also help make our world cleaner.
答案:1. in danger
2. pollution
3. serious
4. to protect
5. nature reserves
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题,解题思路为:1. 先明确方框内每个单词/短语的词义及词性:serious(形容词,严重的)、protect(动词,保护)、pollute(动词,污染)、nature reserve(名词短语,自然保护区)、in danger(介词短语,处于危险中);2. 通读短文,理解上下文语境,结合语法知识(如词性、词形变化、句子结构),选择合适的词汇并调整为正确形式;3. 确保每个词汇仅用一次。
【解析】
1. 第一空:前文提到“many wild animals”,后文说明生存环境大幅改变,结合语境可知野生动物处于危险中,短语in danger符合要求,故填in danger。
2. 第二空:此处与“城市发展”并列,需名词作宾语,pollute的名词形式pollution(污染)符合“生存区域变小的原因”,故填pollution。
3. 第三空:how引导感叹句,结构为“how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”,此处修饰名词problems,需用形容词serious,故填serious。
4. 第四空:此处表目的,需用不定式作目的状语,动词protect的不定式为to protect,故填to protect。
5. 第五空:more后接可数名词复数,nature reserve的复数形式为nature reserves,符合“建立更多自然保护区”的语境,故填nature reserves。
【答案】
1. in danger
2. pollution
3. serious
4. to protect
5. nature reserves
【知识点】
选词填空、词形转换、语境理解
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础选词填空题,主要考查学生对词汇的词义、词性的掌握,以及结合语境和语法规则调整词汇形式的能力,题型典型,有助于巩固学生的词汇运用能力,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
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