$\ 解:(1)由题意,得二次函数图象的对称轴为直线x = -\frac{b}{2}=-\frac{1}{2},所以b = 1$
$又因为图象经过点A(-2,5),所以4 - 2 + c = 5,解得c = 3$
$所以二次函数的解析式为y = x^2 + x + 3$
$(2)将点B(1,7)向上平移2个单位长度,向左平移m(m\gt0)个单位长度,平移后的点的坐标为(1 - m,9)$
$又因为点(1 - m,9)在函数y = x^2 + x + 3的图象上,所以9=(1 - m)^2+(1 - m)+3$
9&=1 - 2m + m^2 + 1 - m + 3m^2 - 3m - 4&=0(m - 4)(m + 1)&=0\ 解得m = 4或m = -1(舍去)
$所以m = 4$
$(3)y = x^2 + x + 3=(x + \frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{11}{4}$
$当x = -\frac{1}{2}时,y有最小值,为\frac{11}{4}$
$当x = 1时,y = 5$
$当-2\leqslant n\lt -\frac{1}{2}时,最大值与最小值的差为5 - [(n + \frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{11}{4}]=\frac{9}{4}$
$n_1 = n_2 = -\frac{1}{2},不符合题意,舍去$
$当-\frac{1}{2}\leqslant n\leqslant1时,最大值与最小值的差为5-\frac{11}{4}=\frac{9}{4},符合题意$
$当n\gt1时,最大值与最小值的差为(n + \frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{11}{4}-\frac{11}{4}=\frac{9}{4}$
$解得n_3 = 1或n_4 = -2,都不符合题意,舍去$
$综上所述,n的取值范围是-\frac{1}{2}\leqslant n\leqslant1$