证明:$(1)①$连接$OC$
∵$CA\perp OM,$$CB\perp ON$
∴$∠OAC = ∠OBC = 90°$
在$Rt\triangle OAC$和$Rt\triangle OBC$中
$\begin {cases}OA = OB\\OC = OC\end {cases}$
∴$Rt\triangle OAC≌Rt\triangle OBC(\mathrm {HL})$
∴$CA = CB$
②如图①,过点$O$分别作$OD\perp CB,$
交$CB$的延长线于点$D,$$OE\perp AC$于点$E$
则$∠OEA = ∠OEC = ∠ODC = ∠ODB = 90°$
∵$∠ACB = ∠MON = 90°,$
$∠OAE+∠OBC+∠ACB+∠MON = 360°$
∴$∠OAE+∠OBC = 180°$
∵$∠OBD+∠OBC = 180°,$∴$∠OAE = ∠OBD$
在$\triangle OAE$和$\triangle OBD$中
$\begin {cases}∠OEA = ∠ODB\\∠OAE = ∠OBD\\OA = OB\end {cases}$
∴$\triangle OAE≌\triangle OBD(\mathrm {AAS})$
∴$OE = OD$
在$Rt\triangle OCE$和$Rt\triangle OCD$中
$\begin {cases}OE = OD\\OC = OC\end {cases}$
∴$Rt\triangle OCE≌Rt\triangle OCD(\mathrm {HL})$
∴$∠OCE = ∠OCD,$即$CO$平分$∠ACB$
解:$(2)$如图$②,$过点$C$分别作$CD\perp OM$于点$D,$
$CE\perp ON$于点$E,$作射线$OC$
则$∠ADC = ∠ODC = ∠OEC = ∠BEC = 90°$
∵$∠ACB = ∠MON = 90°,$
$∠CAD+∠OBC+∠ACB+∠MON = 360°$
∴$∠CAD+∠OBC = 180°$
∵$∠CBE+∠OBC = 180°,$∴$∠CAD = ∠CBE$
在$\triangle CAD$和$\triangle CBE$中
$\begin {cases}∠ADC = ∠BEC\\∠CAD = ∠CBE AC = BC\end {cases}$
∴$\triangle CAD≌ \triangle CBE(\mathrm {AAS})$
∴$CD = CE$
在$Rt\triangle OCD$和$Rt\triangle OCE$中
$\begin {cases}CD = CE\\OC = OC\end {cases}$
∴$Rt\triangle OCD≌Rt\triangle OCE(\mathrm {HL})$
∴$∠COD = ∠COE,$即$OC$平分$∠MON$
∴点$C$在$∠MON$的平分线上运动
∴当点$C$运动到$P C\perp OC$时,$P C$的长最短
过点$P $作$OC$的垂线,垂足为$C,$
则此时点$C'$即为所求作的点