第36页

信息发布者:
60
1
解:(2)由(1)知$A,$$B$两地相距$60$km,$a = 1,$所以$F(1,60),$$G(2,0),$
设线段$FG$所在直线的函数表达式为$y = kx + b,$
将$F(1,60),$$G(2,0)$代入得$\begin{cases}k + b = 60\\2k + b = 0\end{cases},$
两式相减得:$k + b-(2k + b)=60 - 0,$$k + b - 2k - b = 60,$$-k = 60,$解得$k = - 60,$
把$k = - 60$代入$k + b = 60$得$-60 + b = 60,$$b = 60 + 60 = 120,$
所以线段$FG$所在直线的函数表达式为$y = - 60x + 120。$
(3)巡逻车从$A$地到$B$地所需时间为$2\frac{2}{5}h,$$A,$$B$两地相距$60$km,所以巡逻车速度为$60\div2\frac{2}{5}=60\div\frac{12}{5}=25$km/h,
所以$C(0,10),$设直线$CD$的函数表达式为$y = k_1x + b_1,$
将$C(0,10),$$D(2,60)$代入得$\begin{cases}b_1 = 10\\2k_1 + b_1 = 60\end{cases},$
把$b_1 = 10$代入$2k_1 + b_1 = 60$得$2k_1+10 = 60,$$2k_1 = 60 - 10 = 50,$解得$k_1 = 25,$
所以直线$CD$的函数表达式为$y = 25x + 10,$
设直线$OE$的函数表达式为$y = k_2x,$$E(\frac{3}{4},60),$则$\frac{3}{4}k_2 = 60,$解得$k_2 = 80,$直线$OE$的函数表达式为$y = 80x,$
当$0\leqslant x\leqslant\frac{3}{4}$时,$80x-(25x + 10)=15,$$80x - 25x - 10 = 15,$$55x = 15 + 10 = 25,$解得$x=\frac{5}{11};$
当$\frac{3}{4}\lt x\leqslant1$时,两车之间的距离大于$15$km,不符合题意;
当$1\lt x\leqslant2$时,$|25x + 10-(-60x + 120)| = 15,$
即$|85x - 110| = 15,$
当$85x - 110 = 15$时,$85x = 15 + 110 = 125,$解得$x=\frac{25}{17};$
当$85x - 110=-15$时,$85x = 110 - 15 = 95,$解得$x=\frac{19}{17}。$
所以货车出发$\frac{5}{11}h$或$\frac{19}{17}h$或$\frac{25}{17}h$时,两车相距$15$km。
解:(1)因为$B(-2,0),$所以$OB = 2,$
因为$S_{\triangle ABO}=2,$点$A$在$y$轴正半轴上,所以$\frac{1}{2}OB\cdot OA = 2,$即$\frac{1}{2}\times2\times OA = 2,$解得$OA = 2,$
所以$A(0,2),$
因为直线$y = kx + b$经过$A,$$B$两点,将$A(0,2),$$B(-2,0)$代入得$\begin{cases}b = 2\\-2k + b = 0\end{cases},$
把$b = 2$代入$-2k + b = 0$得$-2k+2 = 0,$$-2k=-2,$解得$k = 1,$
所以直线$AB$对应的函数表达式为$y = x + 2。$
(2)由题意得$P(-2 + t,0),$$Q(t,0),$$M(-2 + t,t),$
所以$MP = t,$$PQ=t-(-2 + t)=2,$
因为$MP\perp x$轴,所以$S_{\triangle MPQ}=\frac{1}{2}MP\cdot PQ=\frac{1}{2}\times t\times2=t(0\leqslant t\leqslant2)。$
(3)存在,
因为$QN\perp x$轴交直线$AB$于点$N,$所以$N(t,t + 2),$$NQ=t + 2,$
因为$OA = OB = 2,$所以$\triangle AOB$是等腰直角三角形,$\angle ABO=\angle BAO = 45^{\circ},$
又$NQ\perp x$轴,所以$\angle BQN = 90^{\circ},$$\angle QNB = 90^{\circ}-\angle ABO = 45^{\circ},$
因为$P,$$B$两点不重合,所以$M,$$B$两点不重合,$\angle MQB\gt0^{\circ},$
因为$\angle NMQ=\angle MQB+\angle ABO,$所以$\angle NMQ\gt45^{\circ},$即$\angle NMQ\gt\angle QNB,$所以$MQ\neq NQ,$
当$MN = NQ$时,过点$M$作$MC\perp NQ$于点$C,$则四边形$MCQP$为长方形,$MC = PQ = 2,$$QC = MP = t,$
所以$NC = NQ - QC=t + 2 - t = 2,$
在$Rt\triangle MCN$中,由勾股定理得$MN^{2}=MC^{2}+NC^{2}=4 + 4 = 8,$$MN=\sqrt{8},$
所以$NQ=\sqrt{8},$$t + 2=\sqrt{8},$解得$t=\sqrt{8}-2;$
当$MQ = MN$时,同理可得$MQ=\sqrt{8},$
在$Rt\triangle MPQ$中,由勾股定理得$MP^{2}+PQ^{2}=MQ^{2},$即$t^{2}+2^{2}=(\sqrt{8})^{2},$$t^{2}+4 = 8,$$t^{2}=4,$解得$t = 2$(负值舍去)。
综上,当$t$的值为$2$或$\sqrt{8}-2$时,$\triangle MNQ$为等腰三角形。