解:$(1)$∵$EB = AB,$∴$∠E = ∠EAB$
∵$DB = AB,$∴$∠D = ∠DAB$
∵$∠EAB + ∠DAB + ∠E + ∠D = 180°$
∴$2∠EAB + 2∠DAB = 180°,$即$∠EAB + ∠DAB = 90°$
∴$∠DAE = 90°,$∴$∆ADE$是直角三角形
$(2)$∵$AB = AC,$∴$∠ABC = ∠ACB$
∵$BE = BC,$∴$∠BEC = ∠BCE$
∴$∠ABC = ∠BEC$
∵$DB = DE,$∴$∠DBE = ∠DEB$
∴$∠ADE=2∠DBE$
∵$DE=AE,$∴$∠A=∠ADE$
∴$∠A=2∠DBE$
∵$∠BEC=∠DBE+∠A,$∴$∠BEC=3∠DBE$
∵$∠A+∠ABC+∠ACB=180°$
∴$2∠DBE+3∠DBE+3∠DBE=180°$
∴$∠DBE=22.5°$
∴$∠A=2∠DBE=45°$
∵$DE=AE,$∴$∠ADE=∠A=45°,$$∠AED=90°$
∴$△ADE$是等腰直角三角形