证明:
$(1)$如答图$①,$过点$A$作$ED// BC,$
所以$∠ B=∠ EAB,$$∠ C=∠ DAC。$
$ $又因为$∠ EAB+∠ BAC+∠ DAC=180°,$
所以$∠ B+∠ BAC+∠ C=180°。$
$ (2)$证明:如答图②,过点$B$作$BM// AE。$
$ $因为$AE// CD,$
所以$AE// BM// CD,$
所以$∠ ABM=∠ A,$$∠ CBM=∠ C,$
$ $所以$∠ ABM+∠ CBM=∠ A+∠ C,$
即$∠ ABC=∠ A+∠ C。$
$(3)$因为$AF $平分$∠ BAE,$$CF $平分$∠ BCD,$
所以$∠ EAF=∠ BAF,$$∠ DCF=∠ BCF。$
$ $由$(2)$可知$∠ AFC=∠ EAF+∠ DCF,$
所以$∠ BAF+∠ BCF=∠ EAF+∠ DCF=∠ AFC。$
$ $由四边形的内角和等于$360°,$得$∠ ABC+∠ BAF+∠ BCF+∠ AFC=360°,$
$ $即$∠ ABC+2∠ AFC=360°,$
所以$∠ AFC=\frac {1}{2}(360°-∠ ABC)。$
$ $因为$∠ ABC=100°,$
所以$∠ AFC=\frac {1}{2}×(360°-100°)=130°。$
$(4)$∵$AF_{2}$平分$∠ EAF_{1},$
$CF_{2}$平分$∠ DCF_{1},$
所以$∠ EAF_{2}=\frac {1}{2}∠ EAF_{1},$
$∠ DCF_{2}=\frac {1}{2}∠ DCF_{1},$
$ $所以$∠ EAF_{2}+∠ DCF_{2}=\frac {1}{2}(∠ EAF_{1}+∠ DCF_{1})。$
$ $由$(2)$可知$∠ F_{1}=∠ EAF_{1}+∠ DCF_{1},$
$∠ F_{2}=∠ EAF_{2}+∠ DCF_{2},$
所以$∠ F_{2}=\frac {1}{2}∠ F_{1},$
$ $由$(3)$可知$∠ F_{1}=\frac {1}{2}(360°-∠ ABC),$
又$∠ ABC=x°,$
所以$∠ F_{1}=\frac {1}{2}(360°-x°),$
$ $所以$F_{2}=\frac {1}{2}∠ F_{1}=\frac {1}{2^2}(360°-x°),$
同理,$∠ F_{3}=\frac {1}{2}∠ F_{2}=\frac {1}{2^3}(360°-x°)\dots \dots$
以此类推,$∠ F_{n}=\frac {1}{2^{n}}(360°-x°)。$