B
跨学科 商俗与种子[2025广东广州白云期末]
During the Spring and Autumn Period（春秋时期）, there was a great musician, Boya. He was good at playing the guqin. Although everyone liked him, no one could truly understand his music. It made Boya feel sad and lonely.
One day, Boya traveled by boat. He was excited to see green mountains and clear water. He took up the guqin and began to play. A man shouted, "Wonderful! I see mountains before my eyes." Boya then played another one. The person said, "I see the flowing（流动的）river." Boya was amazed because this person could understand his music and his heart so well. The man's name was Zhong Ziqi. Boya and Ziqi became good friends. They planned to meet again at the same place the next year.
A year later, Boya arrived as promised. However, Ziqi was dead. Boya cried sadly. He broke the guqin and never played it again.
The story of High Mountains and Flowing Waters shows Chinese people's ideas of what a true friend is. A true friend listens to you and understands you.
41.新中考 词义指代题What does the underlined word "It" refer to（指代）in Paragraph 1?
A.Boya played the guqin very well.
B.People really loved Boya's music.
C.People didn't understand Boya's music.
42.What does the underlined word "amazed" in Paragraph 2 mean in English?
A.Surprised.
B.Worried.
C.Angry.
43.Why did Boya never play the guqin again?
A.Because his friend was dead.
B.Because he broke his hand.
C.Because he made a promise.
44.新中考 情感变化题How did Boya's feelings change throughout the story?
A.Happy→Angry→Lonely.
B.Excited→Bored→Surprised.
C.Lonely→Amazed→Heartbroken.
45.According to the passage, what is a true friend?
A.A true friend likes your look.
B.A true friend follows your rules.
C.A true friend understands your heart.
跨学科 商俗与种子[2025广东广州白云期末]
During the Spring and Autumn Period（春秋时期）, there was a great musician, Boya. He was good at playing the guqin. Although everyone liked him, no one could truly understand his music. It made Boya feel sad and lonely.
One day, Boya traveled by boat. He was excited to see green mountains and clear water. He took up the guqin and began to play. A man shouted, "Wonderful! I see mountains before my eyes." Boya then played another one. The person said, "I see the flowing（流动的）river." Boya was amazed because this person could understand his music and his heart so well. The man's name was Zhong Ziqi. Boya and Ziqi became good friends. They planned to meet again at the same place the next year.
A year later, Boya arrived as promised. However, Ziqi was dead. Boya cried sadly. He broke the guqin and never played it again.
The story of High Mountains and Flowing Waters shows Chinese people's ideas of what a true friend is. A true friend listens to you and understands you.
41.新中考 词义指代题What does the underlined word "It" refer to（指代）in Paragraph 1?
A.Boya played the guqin very well.
B.People really loved Boya's music.
C.People didn't understand Boya's music.
42.What does the underlined word "amazed" in Paragraph 2 mean in English?
A.Surprised.
B.Worried.
C.Angry.
43.Why did Boya never play the guqin again?
A.Because his friend was dead.
B.Because he broke his hand.
C.Because he made a promise.
44.新中考 情感变化题How did Boya's feelings change throughout the story?
A.Happy→Angry→Lonely.
B.Excited→Bored→Surprised.
C.Lonely→Amazed→Heartbroken.
45.According to the passage, what is a true friend?
A.A true friend likes your look.
B.A true friend follows your rules.
C.A true friend understands your heart.
答案：[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了春秋时期音乐家俞伯牙与钟子期的故事，通过这个故事阐述了中国
人对真正友谊的理解。
41.C 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Although everyone liked him，no one could truly understand his music. It made Boya feel sad and lonely.”可知，“It”指代的是人们不理解伯牙的音乐这件事，这件事让他感到悲伤和孤独。故选C。
42.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Boya was amazed because this person could understand his music and his heart so well.”可知，钟子期能很好地理解伯牙的音乐和内心，伯牙应该是感到惊讶，画线词与surprised“惊讶的”意思相近。故选A。
43.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A year later，Boya arrived as promised. However，Ziqi was dead. Boya cried sadly. He broke the guqin and never played it again.”可知，伯牙不再弹奏古琴是因为他的朋友钟子期去世了。故选A。
44.C 情绪变化题。刚开始伯牙因为没有人能理解他的音乐而感到孤独(lonely)；后来钟子期能很好地理解伯牙的音乐和内心，伯牙感到惊讶(amazed)；钟子期去世，伯牙感到极度伤心(heartbroken)。故选C。
45.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A true friend listens to you and understands you.”可知，真正的朋友是能理解你内心的人。故选C。
人对真正友谊的理解。
41.C 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Although everyone liked him，no one could truly understand his music. It made Boya feel sad and lonely.”可知，“It”指代的是人们不理解伯牙的音乐这件事，这件事让他感到悲伤和孤独。故选C。
42.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Boya was amazed because this person could understand his music and his heart so well.”可知，钟子期能很好地理解伯牙的音乐和内心，伯牙应该是感到惊讶，画线词与surprised“惊讶的”意思相近。故选A。
43.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A year later，Boya arrived as promised. However，Ziqi was dead. Boya cried sadly. He broke the guqin and never played it again.”可知，伯牙不再弹奏古琴是因为他的朋友钟子期去世了。故选A。
44.C 情绪变化题。刚开始伯牙因为没有人能理解他的音乐而感到孤独(lonely)；后来钟子期能很好地理解伯牙的音乐和内心，伯牙感到惊讶(amazed)；钟子期去世，伯牙感到极度伤心(heartbroken)。故选C。
45.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A true friend listens to you and understands you.”可知，真正的朋友是能理解你内心的人。故选C。
解析：
翻译:
B
跨学科 商俗与种子[2025广东广州白云期末]
春秋时期，有一位伟大的音乐家，名叫伯牙。他擅长弹奏古琴。虽然每个人都喜欢他，但没有人能真正理解他的音乐。这让伯牙感到悲伤和孤独。
一天，伯牙乘船旅行。看到青山绿水，他很兴奋。他拿起古琴开始弹奏。一个人喊道：“太棒了！我眼前仿佛出现了高山。”然后伯牙弹奏了另一首曲子。这个人说：“我仿佛看到了流淌的河流。”伯牙很惊讶，因为这个人能如此透彻地理解他的音乐和他的内心。这个人的名字叫钟子期。伯牙和子期成了好朋友。他们计划第二年在同一个地方再次见面。
一年后，伯牙如约而至。然而，子期已经去世了。伯牙悲痛地哭泣。他摔碎了古琴，再也没有弹奏过。
《高山流水》的故事体现了中国人对真正的朋友的看法。真正的朋友会倾听你，理解你。
41. 新中考 词义指代题 第一段中划线单词“它”指代什么？
A. 伯牙古琴弹得很好。
B. 人们真的很喜欢伯牙的音乐。
C. 人们不理解伯牙的音乐。
42. 第二段中划线单词“惊讶”的英文意思是什么？
A. 惊讶的。
B. 担心的。
C. 生气的。
43. 伯牙为什么再也不弹古琴了？
A. 因为他的朋友去世了。
B. 因为他伤了手。
C. 因为他许下了一个诺言。
44. 新中考 情感变化题 在整个故事中，伯牙的情感是如何变化的？
A. 快乐→生气→孤独。
B. 兴奋→厌烦→惊讶。
C. 孤独→惊讶→心碎。
45. 根据文章，什么是真正的朋友？
A. 真正的朋友喜欢你的长相。
B. 真正的朋友遵守你的规则。
C. 真正的朋友理解你的内心。
B
跨学科 商俗与种子[2025广东广州白云期末]
春秋时期，有一位伟大的音乐家，名叫伯牙。他擅长弹奏古琴。虽然每个人都喜欢他，但没有人能真正理解他的音乐。这让伯牙感到悲伤和孤独。
一天，伯牙乘船旅行。看到青山绿水，他很兴奋。他拿起古琴开始弹奏。一个人喊道：“太棒了！我眼前仿佛出现了高山。”然后伯牙弹奏了另一首曲子。这个人说：“我仿佛看到了流淌的河流。”伯牙很惊讶，因为这个人能如此透彻地理解他的音乐和他的内心。这个人的名字叫钟子期。伯牙和子期成了好朋友。他们计划第二年在同一个地方再次见面。
一年后，伯牙如约而至。然而，子期已经去世了。伯牙悲痛地哭泣。他摔碎了古琴，再也没有弹奏过。
《高山流水》的故事体现了中国人对真正的朋友的看法。真正的朋友会倾听你，理解你。
41. 新中考 词义指代题 第一段中划线单词“它”指代什么？
A. 伯牙古琴弹得很好。
B. 人们真的很喜欢伯牙的音乐。
C. 人们不理解伯牙的音乐。
42. 第二段中划线单词“惊讶”的英文意思是什么？
A. 惊讶的。
B. 担心的。
C. 生气的。
43. 伯牙为什么再也不弹古琴了？
A. 因为他的朋友去世了。
B. 因为他伤了手。
C. 因为他许下了一个诺言。
44. 新中考 情感变化题 在整个故事中，伯牙的情感是如何变化的？
A. 快乐→生气→孤独。
B. 兴奋→厌烦→惊讶。
C. 孤独→惊讶→心碎。
45. 根据文章，什么是真正的朋友？
A. 真正的朋友喜欢你的长相。
B. 真正的朋友遵守你的规则。
C. 真正的朋友理解你的内心。
C
新素材 冰山模型[2025河北石家庄期末改编]
Have you ever heard of the iceberg model（冰山模型）? It shows that what we see from the surface（表面）is only part of the story. There is a lot more going on under it. Recently, students from a middle school used this model to understand different cultures.
"Culture is like an iceberg, as some parts of it can be seen and some cannot," the teacher Liu Yue explained. Things like clothes, buildings and music are the part "above water". And the "unseen" part is the way people think, such as how we see life and death.
Inspired（启发）by this idea, 13-year-old Li Yixuan gave an example. "When we are praised by others, we're likely to reply by saying 'Not at all' or 'I'm not that great'", said Li. "This comes down to the humility that we Chinese have had since ancient times."
For some, this can be an enlightening class. "We can't judge a culture only by what we see", said Guo Yinyue. "If we want to fully understand a country's culture, we need to think more about its invisible part so as to have better communication," said Shu Yuyang.
46.What is the unseen part of culture?
A.The part above the water.
B.The way people think.
C.The surface of the story.
D.The under part of the iceberg.
47.If somebody says "You are excellent!", how do the Chinese usually reply?
A.You are welcome.
B.I am sorry to hear that.
C.You are right, thanks.
D.I'm not that great.
48.What does the underlined word "humility" mean?
A.A belief in your own ability to do things and be successful.
B.The quality of not being too proud of yourself.
C.The quality of being kind.
D.A feeling that you like and respect yourself.
49.新中考 写作目的题According to the passage, what is the main purpose of using the iceberg model to study culture?
A.To compare visible cultural elements like clothing and music across countries.
B.To emphasize that understanding a culture requires exploring its hidden values and beliefs.
C.To prove that Chinese humility is the most important part of cultural communication.
D.To encourage students to focus only on the "above water" part of culture.
50.新中考 标题归纳题Which can be a proper title for the text?
A.Different Countries, Different Cultures
B.There Are Two Sides of Each Problem
C.The Iceberg Model and Different Cultures
D.The Importance of Iceberg Culture
新素材 冰山模型[2025河北石家庄期末改编]
Have you ever heard of the iceberg model（冰山模型）? It shows that what we see from the surface（表面）is only part of the story. There is a lot more going on under it. Recently, students from a middle school used this model to understand different cultures.
"Culture is like an iceberg, as some parts of it can be seen and some cannot," the teacher Liu Yue explained. Things like clothes, buildings and music are the part "above water". And the "unseen" part is the way people think, such as how we see life and death.
Inspired（启发）by this idea, 13-year-old Li Yixuan gave an example. "When we are praised by others, we're likely to reply by saying 'Not at all' or 'I'm not that great'", said Li. "This comes down to the humility that we Chinese have had since ancient times."
For some, this can be an enlightening class. "We can't judge a culture only by what we see", said Guo Yinyue. "If we want to fully understand a country's culture, we need to think more about its invisible part so as to have better communication," said Shu Yuyang.
46.What is the unseen part of culture?
A.The part above the water.
B.The way people think.
C.The surface of the story.
D.The under part of the iceberg.
47.If somebody says "You are excellent!", how do the Chinese usually reply?
A.You are welcome.
B.I am sorry to hear that.
C.You are right, thanks.
D.I'm not that great.
48.What does the underlined word "humility" mean?
A.A belief in your own ability to do things and be successful.
B.The quality of not being too proud of yourself.
C.The quality of being kind.
D.A feeling that you like and respect yourself.
49.新中考 写作目的题According to the passage, what is the main purpose of using the iceberg model to study culture?
A.To compare visible cultural elements like clothing and music across countries.
B.To emphasize that understanding a culture requires exploring its hidden values and beliefs.
C.To prove that Chinese humility is the most important part of cultural communication.
D.To encourage students to focus only on the "above water" part of culture.
50.新中考 标题归纳题Which can be a proper title for the text?
A.Different Countries, Different Cultures
B.There Are Two Sides of Each Problem
C.The Iceberg Model and Different Cultures
D.The Importance of Iceberg Culture
答案：[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了一所中学的学生用冰山模型来理解不同文化，并通过具体事例阐明了想完全
了解文化，需要更多地思考其内涵。
46.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And the ‘unseen’ part is the way people think，such as how we see life and death.”可知，文化中“看不见的”部分是人们思考的方式。故选B。
47.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When we are praised by others，we’re likely to reply by saying ‘Not at all’ or ‘I’m not that great’”可知，中国人在受到赞扬时通常会回答“我没那么好”。故选D。
48.B 词义猜测题。中国人在受到赞扬时通常会回答“我没那么好”，这可以归结为我们中国人自古以来的谦逊。故选B。
49.B 写作目的题。根据第四段中的“We can’t judge a culture only by what we see”和“If we want to fully understand a country’s culture，we need to think more about its invisible part so as to have better communication”可知，文章中用冰山模型来分析文化是为了强调理解一种文化需要探索其隐藏的价值观和信仰，而不能只关注文化表层。故选B。
50.C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一所中学的学生用冰山模型来理解不同文化，因此选项C“冰山模型与不同文化”是恰当的标题。故选C。
了解文化，需要更多地思考其内涵。
46.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And the ‘unseen’ part is the way people think，such as how we see life and death.”可知，文化中“看不见的”部分是人们思考的方式。故选B。
47.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When we are praised by others，we’re likely to reply by saying ‘Not at all’ or ‘I’m not that great’”可知，中国人在受到赞扬时通常会回答“我没那么好”。故选D。
48.B 词义猜测题。中国人在受到赞扬时通常会回答“我没那么好”，这可以归结为我们中国人自古以来的谦逊。故选B。
49.B 写作目的题。根据第四段中的“We can’t judge a culture only by what we see”和“If we want to fully understand a country’s culture，we need to think more about its invisible part so as to have better communication”可知，文章中用冰山模型来分析文化是为了强调理解一种文化需要探索其隐藏的价值观和信仰，而不能只关注文化表层。故选B。
50.C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一所中学的学生用冰山模型来理解不同文化，因此选项C“冰山模型与不同文化”是恰当的标题。故选C。
解析：
翻译:
C
新素材 冰山模型[2025河北石家庄期末改编]
你听说过冰山模型吗？它表明我们从表面看到的只是事情的一部分。在表象之下还有更多的东西。最近，一所中学的学生用这个模型来理解不同的文化。
“文化就像一座冰山，它的一部分可以被看到，一部分则不能，”刘悦老师解释道。像服装、建筑和音乐这样的事物是“水面以上”的部分。而“看不见”的部分是人们的思维方式，比如我们如何看待生与死。
受这个想法的启发，13岁的李艺萱举了一个例子。“当我们受到别人的赞扬时，我们可能会回答‘别这么说’或者‘我没那么好’，”李艺萱说。“这源于我们中国人自古以来就有的谦逊品质。”
对一些人来说，这可能是一堂有启发意义的课。“我们不能只通过我们看到的东西来评判一种文化，”郭音悦说。“如果我们想充分了解一个国家的文化，我们需要更多地思考它的无形部分，以便更好地交流，”舒宇扬说。
46.文化中看不见的部分是什么？
A.水面以上的部分。
B.人们的思维方式。
C.事情的表面。
D.冰山的水下部分。
47.如果有人说“你很优秀！”，中国人通常会怎么回答？
A.不客气。
B.听到这个我很遗憾。
C.你说得对，谢谢。
D.我没那么好。
48.划线单词“humility”是什么意思？
A.相信自己有做事和成功的能力。
B.不太为自己感到骄傲的品质。
C.善良的品质。
D.一种喜欢和尊重自己的感觉。
49.新中考 写作目的题根据这篇文章，用冰山模型研究文化的主要目的是什么？
A.比较不同国家的可见文化元素，如服装和音乐。
B.强调理解一种文化需要探索其隐藏的价值观和信仰。
C.证明中国人的谦逊是文化交流中最重要的部分。
D.鼓励学生只关注文化的“水面以上”部分。
50.新中考 标题归纳题哪一个可以作为这篇文章的合适标题？
A.不同的国家，不同的文化
B.每个问题都有两面性
C.冰山模型与不同文化
D.冰山文化的重要性
C
新素材 冰山模型[2025河北石家庄期末改编]
你听说过冰山模型吗？它表明我们从表面看到的只是事情的一部分。在表象之下还有更多的东西。最近，一所中学的学生用这个模型来理解不同的文化。
“文化就像一座冰山，它的一部分可以被看到，一部分则不能，”刘悦老师解释道。像服装、建筑和音乐这样的事物是“水面以上”的部分。而“看不见”的部分是人们的思维方式，比如我们如何看待生与死。
受这个想法的启发，13岁的李艺萱举了一个例子。“当我们受到别人的赞扬时，我们可能会回答‘别这么说’或者‘我没那么好’，”李艺萱说。“这源于我们中国人自古以来就有的谦逊品质。”
对一些人来说，这可能是一堂有启发意义的课。“我们不能只通过我们看到的东西来评判一种文化，”郭音悦说。“如果我们想充分了解一个国家的文化，我们需要更多地思考它的无形部分，以便更好地交流，”舒宇扬说。
46.文化中看不见的部分是什么？
A.水面以上的部分。
B.人们的思维方式。
C.事情的表面。
D.冰山的水下部分。
47.如果有人说“你很优秀！”，中国人通常会怎么回答？
A.不客气。
B.听到这个我很遗憾。
C.你说得对，谢谢。
D.我没那么好。
48.划线单词“humility”是什么意思？
A.相信自己有做事和成功的能力。
B.不太为自己感到骄傲的品质。
C.善良的品质。
D.一种喜欢和尊重自己的感觉。
49.新中考 写作目的题根据这篇文章，用冰山模型研究文化的主要目的是什么？
A.比较不同国家的可见文化元素，如服装和音乐。
B.强调理解一种文化需要探索其隐藏的价值观和信仰。
C.证明中国人的谦逊是文化交流中最重要的部分。
D.鼓励学生只关注文化的“水面以上”部分。
50.新中考 标题归纳题哪一个可以作为这篇文章的合适标题？
A.不同的国家，不同的文化
B.每个问题都有两面性
C.冰山模型与不同文化
D.冰山文化的重要性