二、将下列含宾语从句的复合句改为简单句(可借助括号中所给的名词)
1. The photo reminds me that I spent a wonderful holiday at the seaside last summer.
The photo reminds me at the seaside last summer.
2. Do you know whose car it is? (owner)
Do you know ?
3. Are you sure that he will arrive at the theatre? (arrival)
Are you sure ?
4. Can you tell me what the word means? (meaning)
Can you tell me ?
5. Do you know how many birds there are in the tree? (number)
Do you know ?
1. The photo reminds me that I spent a wonderful holiday at the seaside last summer.
The photo reminds me at the seaside last summer.
2. Do you know whose car it is? (owner)
Do you know ?
3. Are you sure that he will arrive at the theatre? (arrival)
Are you sure ?
4. Can you tell me what the word means? (meaning)
Can you tell me ?
5. Do you know how many birds there are in the tree? (number)
Do you know ?
答案：1. of my wonderful holiday
2. the owner of the car
3. of his arrival at the theatre
4. the meaning of the word
5. the number of birds in the tree
2. the owner of the car
3. of his arrival at the theatre
4. the meaning of the word
5. the number of birds in the tree
解析：
1. 运用固定搭配“remind sb. of sth.”，将宾语从句“that I spent a wonderful holiday”转换为名词短语“of my wonderful holiday”；
2. 借助给定名词“owner”，把“whose car it is”转换为表达相同含义的“the owner of the car”；
3. 利用给定名词“arrival”，结合固定搭配“be sure of sth.”，将宾语从句“that he will arrive at the theatre”转换为“of his arrival at the theatre”；
4. 借助给定名词“meaning”，把“what the word means”转换为“the meaning of the word”；
5. 用给定名词“number”，将宾语从句“how many birds there are in the tree”转换为“the number of birds in the tree”。
2. 借助给定名词“owner”，把“whose car it is”转换为表达相同含义的“the owner of the car”；
3. 利用给定名词“arrival”，结合固定搭配“be sure of sth.”，将宾语从句“that he will arrive at the theatre”转换为“of his arrival at the theatre”；
4. 借助给定名词“meaning”，把“what the word means”转换为“the meaning of the word”；
5. 用给定名词“number”，将宾语从句“how many birds there are in the tree”转换为“the number of birds in the tree”。
三、用介词将下列含定语从句的复合句改为简单句
1. Do you know the man who is holding a book in his hand?
Do you know the man ?
2. The girl who wears a red skirt is my sister.
The girl is my sister.
3. I prefer to stay in a hotel which has a sea view.
I prefer to stay in a hotel .
4. The men who carry air tanks on their backs are astronauts.
The men are astronauts.
5. My English teacher is that young lady who has long straight hair.
That young lady is my English teacher.
1. Do you know the man who is holding a book in his hand?
Do you know the man ?
2. The girl who wears a red skirt is my sister.
The girl is my sister.
3. I prefer to stay in a hotel which has a sea view.
I prefer to stay in a hotel .
4. The men who carry air tanks on their backs are astronauts.
The men are astronauts.
5. My English teacher is that young lady who has long straight hair.
That young lady is my English teacher.
答案：1. with a book in his hand
2. in a red skirt
3. with a sea view
4. with air tanks on their backs
5. with long straight hair
2. in a red skirt
3. with a sea view
4. with air tanks on their backs
5. with long straight hair
解析：
本题型考查将含定语从句的复合句转换为简单句，核心方法是用介词引导的短语作后置定语替代原定语从句，保持修饰含义不变：
1. 原句中修饰the man的定语从句"who is holding a book in his hand"，可转换为with的复合结构"with a book in his hand"作后置定语；
2. 修饰the girl的定语从句"who wears a red skirt"，"wear"表穿着，可用表“穿着”的介词短语"in a red skirt"替代；
3. 修饰a hotel的定语从句"which has a sea view"，"has"表“带有”，可用表“带有”的介词短语"with a sea view"替代；
4. 修饰The men的定语从句"who carry air tanks on their backs"，可转换为with的复合结构"with air tanks on their backs"作后置定语；
5. 修饰that young lady的定语从句"who has long straight hair"，"has"表“带有”，可用表“带有”的介词短语"with long straight hair"替代。
1. 原句中修饰the man的定语从句"who is holding a book in his hand"，可转换为with的复合结构"with a book in his hand"作后置定语；
2. 修饰the girl的定语从句"who wears a red skirt"，"wear"表穿着，可用表“穿着”的介词短语"in a red skirt"替代；
3. 修饰a hotel的定语从句"which has a sea view"，"has"表“带有”，可用表“带有”的介词短语"with a sea view"替代；
4. 修饰The men的定语从句"who carry air tanks on their backs"，可转换为with的复合结构"with air tanks on their backs"作后置定语；
5. 修饰that young lady的定语从句"who has long straight hair"，"has"表“带有”，可用表“带有”的介词短语"with long straight hair"替代。
四、将下列句子改为同义句
1. Do you know the distance between the Earth and the Sun?
Do you know ?
2. They ask how many new students there will be next year.
They ask next year.
3. We want to know how American schools are different from Chinese schools.
We want to know .
4. He was absent from school because he was ill.
He was absent from school .
5. The old man was in good health when he was 90 years old.
The old man was in good health .
6. If you don't support us, we won't win the Maths competition.
, we won't win the Maths competition.
7. I hope to live in a big house with a swimming pool in the yard.
I hope to live in a big house in the yard.
8. Are you aware what she is worried about?
Are you aware ?
1. Do you know the distance between the Earth and the Sun?
Do you know ?
2. They ask how many new students there will be next year.
They ask next year.
3. We want to know how American schools are different from Chinese schools.
We want to know .
4. He was absent from school because he was ill.
He was absent from school .
5. The old man was in good health when he was 90 years old.
The old man was in good health .
6. If you don't support us, we won't win the Maths competition.
, we won't win the Maths competition.
7. I hope to live in a big house with a swimming pool in the yard.
I hope to live in a big house in the yard.
8. Are you aware what she is worried about?
Are you aware ?
答案：1. how far the Earth is from the Sun
2. what the number of new students will be
3. what the differences are between American schools and Chinese schools
4. because of his illness
5. at the age of 90
6. Without your support
7. which has a swimming pool（或that has a swimming pool）
8. what she worries about
2. what the number of new students will be
3. what the differences are between American schools and Chinese schools
4. because of his illness
5. at the age of 90
6. Without your support
7. which has a swimming pool（或that has a swimming pool）
8. what she worries about
解析：
1. 本题考查距离表达的同义转换，"the distance between A and B"可转换为"how far A is from B"，注意宾语从句用陈述语序。
2. 本题考查数量询问的宾语从句转换，"how many+可数名词复数+there will be"可转换为"what the number of+可数名词复数+will be"，用what引导宾语从句询问数量。
3. 本题考查差异表达的宾语从句转换，"how...are different from..."可转换为"what the differences are between...and..."，用what引导宾语从句表达两者间的差异。
4. 本题考查原因状语的转换，because引导原因状语从句，可转换为"because of+名词短语"，此处"he was ill"对应"his illness"。
5. 本题考查时间状语的转换，"when sb. was+年龄"可转换为"at the age of+年龄"，表达在某人多少岁时。
6. 本题考查条件状语的转换，if引导的否定条件状语从句可转换为"Without+名词短语"，"If you don't support us"对应"Without your support"。
7. 本题考查定语从句替换介词短语，"with+名词短语"作后置定语可转换为which/that引导的定语从句，先行词为"house"，从句用一般现在时表达特征。
8. 本题考查固定搭配的同义转换，"be worried about"与"worry about"同义，宾语从句中可将"what she is worried about"转换为"what she worries about"。
2. 本题考查数量询问的宾语从句转换，"how many+可数名词复数+there will be"可转换为"what the number of+可数名词复数+will be"，用what引导宾语从句询问数量。
3. 本题考查差异表达的宾语从句转换，"how...are different from..."可转换为"what the differences are between...and..."，用what引导宾语从句表达两者间的差异。
4. 本题考查原因状语的转换，because引导原因状语从句，可转换为"because of+名词短语"，此处"he was ill"对应"his illness"。
5. 本题考查时间状语的转换，"when sb. was+年龄"可转换为"at the age of+年龄"，表达在某人多少岁时。
6. 本题考查条件状语的转换，if引导的否定条件状语从句可转换为"Without+名词短语"，"If you don't support us"对应"Without your support"。
7. 本题考查定语从句替换介词短语，"with+名词短语"作后置定语可转换为which/that引导的定语从句，先行词为"house"，从句用一般现在时表达特征。
8. 本题考查固定搭配的同义转换，"be worried about"与"worry about"同义，宾语从句中可将"what she is worried about"转换为"what she worries about"。