七、信息还原。
阅读短文,从短文后所给的 A - G 七个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Some lands have so many plants. 1
To grow,plants need some things. One is warmth. In very cold places almost(几乎)nothing grows. 2 In very dry parts of the earth only some unusual plants can grow. That's why dry deserts(沙漠)everywhere have almost no trees or grass.
Plants must also have a place to put down their roots and grow. 3 If a town is on hard lands,the plants here can only find the soil between the cracks of stones to grow in.
4 What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy beach? A few plants,such as beach grass,will grow in sand. 5 Even if the weather is warm enough and we water the plants every day,many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.
A. Plants also need water.
B. But most plants won't grow.
C. Try to take good care of plants.
D. But some don't have any plants at all.
E. It is difficult for plants to grow on hard lands.
F. You need to help to water plants every day.
G. Plants must have food to grow.
1.
阅读短文,从短文后所给的 A - G 七个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Some lands have so many plants. 1
To grow,plants need some things. One is warmth. In very cold places almost(几乎)nothing grows. 2 In very dry parts of the earth only some unusual plants can grow. That's why dry deserts(沙漠)everywhere have almost no trees or grass.
Plants must also have a place to put down their roots and grow. 3 If a town is on hard lands,the plants here can only find the soil between the cracks of stones to grow in.
4 What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy beach? A few plants,such as beach grass,will grow in sand. 5 Even if the weather is warm enough and we water the plants every day,many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.
A. Plants also need water.
B. But most plants won't grow.
C. Try to take good care of plants.
D. But some don't have any plants at all.
E. It is difficult for plants to grow on hard lands.
F. You need to help to water plants every day.
G. Plants must have food to grow.
1.
D
2. A
3. E
4. G
5. B
答案:1. D 2. A 3. E 4. G 5. B
解析:
【分析】
做这类七选五信息还原题,首先要通读全文,明确本文核心是介绍植物生长所需的各类必要条件,再逐空结合前后文的逻辑关联匹配选项:
1. 先看第1空,前文提到“有些土地生长着大量植物”,前后是并列对比关系,要找能对应“部分土地没植物”的转折类表述;
2. 第2空后文马上提到干旱区域只有极少数特殊植物可以存活,说明这一空要引出“植物需要水”这个生长条件;
3. 第3空后文举例硬土地上的植物只能在石头缝隙的土壤里生长,对应要引出“硬土地不适合植物生长”的观点;
4. 第4空后文提到沙滩的沙子里几乎没有可供植物生长的养分,说明这一空要引出植物生长需要养分的新条件;
5. 第5空前文说只有少数比如滨草这类植物可以在沙里生长,后文说多数植物就算温度合适、天天浇水也会死,需要填入转折衔接的表述,最后排除和主题无关的多余选项C、F即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空:前文“Some lands have so many plants”说明部分区域植物繁茂,D选项“But some don't have any plants at all.”(但有些地方根本没有任何植物)形成并列对比,承接开头的设问,引出下文对植物生长条件的介绍,逻辑通顺。
2. 第2空:前文已经介绍了植物生长的第一个条件“温暖”,后文描述干旱区域植物难以存活的特征,A选项“Plants also need water.”(植物也需要水)引出第二个生长条件,前后内容完全呼应。
3. 第3空:后文举例硬土地上的植物只能在石缝的土壤中生长,E选项“It is difficult for plants to grow on hard lands.”(植物在坚硬的土地上很难生长)是该段的总起观点,和后文的例子完全匹配。
4. 第4空:后文提到沙质海滩的沙子几乎没有可供植物利用的营养,G选项“Plants must have food to grow.”(植物生长必须有养分)引出第三个生长条件,统领整段内容。
5. 第5空:前文说明只有极少数特殊植物可以在沙子中存活,后文描述多数植物在沙滩上会死亡,B选项“But most plants won't grow.”(但大多数植物无法在这里生长)形成转折衔接,逻辑连贯。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. E 4. G 5. B
【知识点】
英语信息还原,上下文逻辑匹配,语篇衔接
【点评】
本题是科普说明文类的七选五题型,围绕植物生长的必要条件展开,行文逻辑清晰,线索明确,干扰项和主题关联度很低,很容易排除,重点考察学生对语篇总分、转折、对比类逻辑的识别能力,适合初中低年级学生练习信息还原类题型的解题思路。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类七选五信息还原题,首先要通读全文,明确本文核心是介绍植物生长所需的各类必要条件,再逐空结合前后文的逻辑关联匹配选项:
1. 先看第1空,前文提到“有些土地生长着大量植物”,前后是并列对比关系,要找能对应“部分土地没植物”的转折类表述;
2. 第2空后文马上提到干旱区域只有极少数特殊植物可以存活,说明这一空要引出“植物需要水”这个生长条件;
3. 第3空后文举例硬土地上的植物只能在石头缝隙的土壤里生长,对应要引出“硬土地不适合植物生长”的观点;
4. 第4空后文提到沙滩的沙子里几乎没有可供植物生长的养分,说明这一空要引出植物生长需要养分的新条件;
5. 第5空前文说只有少数比如滨草这类植物可以在沙里生长,后文说多数植物就算温度合适、天天浇水也会死,需要填入转折衔接的表述,最后排除和主题无关的多余选项C、F即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空:前文“Some lands have so many plants”说明部分区域植物繁茂,D选项“But some don't have any plants at all.”(但有些地方根本没有任何植物)形成并列对比,承接开头的设问,引出下文对植物生长条件的介绍,逻辑通顺。
2. 第2空:前文已经介绍了植物生长的第一个条件“温暖”,后文描述干旱区域植物难以存活的特征,A选项“Plants also need water.”(植物也需要水)引出第二个生长条件,前后内容完全呼应。
3. 第3空:后文举例硬土地上的植物只能在石缝的土壤中生长,E选项“It is difficult for plants to grow on hard lands.”(植物在坚硬的土地上很难生长)是该段的总起观点,和后文的例子完全匹配。
4. 第4空:后文提到沙质海滩的沙子几乎没有可供植物利用的营养,G选项“Plants must have food to grow.”(植物生长必须有养分)引出第三个生长条件,统领整段内容。
5. 第5空:前文说明只有极少数特殊植物可以在沙子中存活,后文描述多数植物在沙滩上会死亡,B选项“But most plants won't grow.”(但大多数植物无法在这里生长)形成转折衔接,逻辑连贯。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. E 4. G 5. B
【知识点】
英语信息还原,上下文逻辑匹配,语篇衔接
【点评】
本题是科普说明文类的七选五题型,围绕植物生长的必要条件展开,行文逻辑清晰,线索明确,干扰项和主题关联度很低,很容易排除,重点考察学生对语篇总分、转折、对比类逻辑的识别能力,适合初中低年级学生练习信息还原类题型的解题思路。
【难度系数】
0.8