Ⅵ. 任务型阅读
阅读并根据下面的短文，在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词或按照要求回答问题。
(2025·南京模拟改编) Have you ever noticed this? Whether in stores or parks, the women's restroom always seems very busy. Not only do users crowd inside, but long lines often stretch outside as well. Meanwhile, going to the men's restroom appears much smoother. People come and go quickly, and you hardly see long lines waiting outside.
The reasons are varied. First, men's and women's needs in restrooms are not the same. A study from the World Toilet Organization shows that, due to physical (身体的) differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men. Women also often use public restrooms to fix their appearance or take care of children.
To accommodate (顾及) these additional needs, women's restrooms are often designed with less space per user than men's. This makes the traditional 1:1 ratio between men's and women's restroom space unfair. Liang Ji, an expert from the China Association of Urban Environmental Sanitation, suggests that a 1:2 ratio would be more effective.
In recent years, public awareness of this problem has grown. To address it, we should start by raising public understanding. When using public spaces, everyone should consider others' needs while meeting their own.
In addition, more cities should be encouraged to support female-friendly restrooms. Reports show that some public restrooms in Shenzhen, Guangdong, have already adopted a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces.
In Changsha, Hunan, two extra women-only restrooms have been added to a railway station's public restroom areas. During a trip to Jilin Province, I also noticed a public restroom that included a well-designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones, making the waiting time more comfortable.
These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise. But more importantly, when women feel more comfortable and valued, our cities will become more welcoming and peaceful places to live.
| | Compared to men's restroom, women's restroom is always 1.
| --- | --- |
| Varied 2.
• In some cases, women use the restroom for the purpose of taking care of children or fixing their appearance. |
| How to solve the problem | • Help the public 4.
• Take both others' needs and their own into consideration
• Adopt a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and help visitors check available spaces by 5.
• Set up extra women-only restrooms.
• 6.
| People's opinions | People think 7.
It's important to make our cities welcoming and peaceful places to live. |
| According to the article, how many provinces have the awareness to solve the problem? | 8.
| What do you think is the best way to solve the problem? | 9.
阅读并根据下面的短文，在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词或按照要求回答问题。
(2025·南京模拟改编) Have you ever noticed this? Whether in stores or parks, the women's restroom always seems very busy. Not only do users crowd inside, but long lines often stretch outside as well. Meanwhile, going to the men's restroom appears much smoother. People come and go quickly, and you hardly see long lines waiting outside.
The reasons are varied. First, men's and women's needs in restrooms are not the same. A study from the World Toilet Organization shows that, due to physical (身体的) differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men. Women also often use public restrooms to fix their appearance or take care of children.
To accommodate (顾及) these additional needs, women's restrooms are often designed with less space per user than men's. This makes the traditional 1:1 ratio between men's and women's restroom space unfair. Liang Ji, an expert from the China Association of Urban Environmental Sanitation, suggests that a 1:2 ratio would be more effective.
In recent years, public awareness of this problem has grown. To address it, we should start by raising public understanding. When using public spaces, everyone should consider others' needs while meeting their own.
In addition, more cities should be encouraged to support female-friendly restrooms. Reports show that some public restrooms in Shenzhen, Guangdong, have already adopted a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces.
In Changsha, Hunan, two extra women-only restrooms have been added to a railway station's public restroom areas. During a trip to Jilin Province, I also noticed a public restroom that included a well-designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones, making the waiting time more comfortable.
These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise. But more importantly, when women feel more comfortable and valued, our cities will become more welcoming and peaceful places to live.
| | Compared to men's restroom, women's restroom is always 1.
crowded
and has long lines whether in stores or parks. || --- | --- |
| Varied 2.
causes
of the situation | • Because men and women are physically 3. different
, women tend to spend more time in the restroom.• In some cases, women use the restroom for the purpose of taking care of children or fixing their appearance. |
| How to solve the problem | • Help the public 4.
understand
the situation.• Take both others' needs and their own into consideration
• Adopt a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and help visitors check available spaces by 5.
using/adding
smart screens.• Set up extra women-only restrooms.
• 6.
Design/Improve
the rest area of the restroom to make the waiting time more comfortable. For example, visitors could read books or charge their phones there. || People's opinions | People think 7.
highly
of these well-planned public services.It's important to make our cities welcoming and peaceful places to live. |
| According to the article, how many provinces have the awareness to solve the problem? | 8.
3/Three
|| What do you think is the best way to solve the problem? | 9.
Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces. (开放性试题，答案合理即可)
|答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了公共场所女性卫生间排队现象的原因及解决方案，并强调通过合理规划和人性化设计提升城市公共服务的包容性。
1. crowded 解析: 根据原文第一段“Whether in stores or parks, the women's restroom always seems very busy. Not only users crowd inside”可知，“busy”和“crowd inside”均体现女性卫生间“拥挤”的特点，表格中“is always”后需填形容词作表语，故填 crowded。
2. causes 解析: 根据“The reasons are varied.”可知，原因是多种多样的，reason“原因”，后接 for sth 表示“……的原因”，但是表格中空格后是 of，因此此处用 cause“起因”的复数。故填 causes。
3. different 解析: 根据“due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men”可知，由于身体上的不同，女性在卫生间的时长比较长，different“不同的”，形容词在空格处作表语。故填 different。
4. understand 解析: 根据“To address it, we should start by raising public understanding.”可知，我们应该帮助公众理解这种情况，understand“理解”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，空格处用动词原形。故填 understand。
5. using/adding 解析: 根据“have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces”可知，可以通过使用或增加智能屏幕，帮助游客查看可用空间，use“使用”，add“增加”，空格前为介词 by，use/add 用 V - ing 形式 using/adding。故填 using/adding。
6. Design/Improve 解析: 原文第六段提到“a public restroom that included a well - designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones”，“well - designed rest area”体现了对休息区的“设计”或“改进”。表格中需要填入动词原形。故填 Design/Improve。
7. highly 解析: 根据“These well - planned public services have received a lot of praise.”可知，人们高度赞扬了这些公共服务，think highly of“高度赞扬”。故填 highly。
8. 3/Three 解析: 根据“Guangdong”“Hunan”“Jilin”可知，一共有 3 个省具有解决这个问题的意识。故填 3/Three。
9. Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces. (开放性试题，答案合理即可)
1. crowded 解析: 根据原文第一段“Whether in stores or parks, the women's restroom always seems very busy. Not only users crowd inside”可知，“busy”和“crowd inside”均体现女性卫生间“拥挤”的特点，表格中“is always”后需填形容词作表语，故填 crowded。
2. causes 解析: 根据“The reasons are varied.”可知，原因是多种多样的，reason“原因”，后接 for sth 表示“……的原因”，但是表格中空格后是 of，因此此处用 cause“起因”的复数。故填 causes。
3. different 解析: 根据“due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men”可知，由于身体上的不同，女性在卫生间的时长比较长，different“不同的”，形容词在空格处作表语。故填 different。
4. understand 解析: 根据“To address it, we should start by raising public understanding.”可知，我们应该帮助公众理解这种情况，understand“理解”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，空格处用动词原形。故填 understand。
5. using/adding 解析: 根据“have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces”可知，可以通过使用或增加智能屏幕，帮助游客查看可用空间，use“使用”，add“增加”，空格前为介词 by，use/add 用 V - ing 形式 using/adding。故填 using/adding。
6. Design/Improve 解析: 原文第六段提到“a public restroom that included a well - designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones”，“well - designed rest area”体现了对休息区的“设计”或“改进”。表格中需要填入动词原形。故填 Design/Improve。
7. highly 解析: 根据“These well - planned public services have received a lot of praise.”可知，人们高度赞扬了这些公共服务，think highly of“高度赞扬”。故填 highly。
8. 3/Three 解析: 根据“Guangdong”“Hunan”“Jilin”可知，一共有 3 个省具有解决这个问题的意识。故填 3/Three。
9. Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces. (开放性试题，答案合理即可)
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章主旨：介绍公共场所女性卫生间拥挤的现状、成因、解决措施以及人们的评价。
2. 针对表格每个空格，回到原文定位对应信息句：
现状类空格：找到描述女卫生间状态的原句，结合表格语法要求转换词性（如动词转形容词）；
成因类空格：定位原文的原因表述，注意同义词替换（如reason替换为cause）和词形变化；
解决措施类空格：提取原文的解决方案，根据表格句式要求调整动词形式（如介词后用动名词，祈使句用动词原形）；
问答类题目：梳理原文提到的省份数量，开放性问题结合文章内容给出合理答案。
3. 最后检查每个答案的词性、词形是否符合表格语法规则，确保信息准确。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“Whether in stores or parks, the women's restroom always seems very busy. Not only users crowd inside”，表格中“is always”后需填形容词作表语，“crowded（拥挤的）”符合要求，故填crowded。
2. 根据原文“The reasons are varied.”，reason表示“原因”常接for，而表格空格后是of，所以用同义词cause的复数形式causes表示“起因”，故填causes。
3. 定位原文“due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men”，空格处需填形容词作表语，“different（不同的）”对应原文的differences，故填different。
4. 根据原文“To address it, we should start by raising public understanding.”，help sb do sth是固定搭配，此处需填动词原形understand表示“理解”，故填understand。
5. 定位原文“have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces”，介词by后接动名词，“using（使用）”或“adding（增加）”都符合语境，故填using/adding。
6. 原文第六段提到“a public restroom that included a well-designed rest area”，表格需填动词原形，“Design（设计）”或“Improve（改进）”能体现对休息区的优化，故填Design/Improve。
7. 根据原文“These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise.”，固定短语think highly of表示“高度赞扬”，故填highly。
8. 梳理原文提到的Guangdong、Hunan、Jilin三个省份，可知数量是3/Three，故填3/Three。
9. 这是开放性试题，结合文章内容给出合理答案即可，例如“Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces.”
【答案】
1. crowded
2. causes
3. different
4. understand
5. using/adding
6. Design/Improve
7. highly
8. 3/Three
9. Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces.（答案合理即可）
【知识点】
1. 任务型阅读信息定位
2. 英语词性转换
3. 固定短语搭配
【点评】
本文贴近日常生活场景，考查学生对文章信息的提取、整合能力以及英语词性转换、固定短语的运用能力。解题时需细心定位原文信息，同时注意表格的语法要求，对学生的语言综合运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章主旨：介绍公共场所女性卫生间拥挤的现状、成因、解决措施以及人们的评价。
2. 针对表格每个空格，回到原文定位对应信息句：
现状类空格：找到描述女卫生间状态的原句，结合表格语法要求转换词性（如动词转形容词）；
成因类空格：定位原文的原因表述，注意同义词替换（如reason替换为cause）和词形变化；
解决措施类空格：提取原文的解决方案，根据表格句式要求调整动词形式（如介词后用动名词，祈使句用动词原形）；
问答类题目：梳理原文提到的省份数量，开放性问题结合文章内容给出合理答案。
3. 最后检查每个答案的词性、词形是否符合表格语法规则，确保信息准确。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“Whether in stores or parks, the women's restroom always seems very busy. Not only users crowd inside”，表格中“is always”后需填形容词作表语，“crowded（拥挤的）”符合要求，故填crowded。
2. 根据原文“The reasons are varied.”，reason表示“原因”常接for，而表格空格后是of，所以用同义词cause的复数形式causes表示“起因”，故填causes。
3. 定位原文“due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men”，空格处需填形容词作表语，“different（不同的）”对应原文的differences，故填different。
4. 根据原文“To address it, we should start by raising public understanding.”，help sb do sth是固定搭配，此处需填动词原形understand表示“理解”，故填understand。
5. 定位原文“have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces”，介词by后接动名词，“using（使用）”或“adding（增加）”都符合语境，故填using/adding。
6. 原文第六段提到“a public restroom that included a well-designed rest area”，表格需填动词原形，“Design（设计）”或“Improve（改进）”能体现对休息区的优化，故填Design/Improve。
7. 根据原文“These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise.”，固定短语think highly of表示“高度赞扬”，故填highly。
8. 梳理原文提到的Guangdong、Hunan、Jilin三个省份，可知数量是3/Three，故填3/Three。
9. 这是开放性试题，结合文章内容给出合理答案即可，例如“Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces.”
【答案】
1. crowded
2. causes
3. different
4. understand
5. using/adding
6. Design/Improve
7. highly
8. 3/Three
9. Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces.（答案合理即可）
【知识点】
1. 任务型阅读信息定位
2. 英语词性转换
3. 固定短语搭配
【点评】
本文贴近日常生活场景，考查学生对文章信息的提取、整合能力以及英语词性转换、固定短语的运用能力。解题时需细心定位原文信息，同时注意表格的语法要求，对学生的语言综合运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6