Ⅰ. 严峻形势
首先，Simon 调查了目前的海洋环境，发现之前自己所了解的不过是海洋垃圾问题的冰山一角。
Every year, a huge amount of waste ends up in the world's oceans and causes problems for the animals' homes there.
About 80% of all marine(海洋的) waste was plastic from bottles and packaging, most of which runs into rivers 1.
One organization that does this is Ocean Conservancy, 5.
Cleaning up the oceans seems like an 10.
首先，Simon 调查了目前的海洋环境，发现之前自己所了解的不过是海洋垃圾问题的冰山一角。
Every year, a huge amount of waste ends up in the world's oceans and causes problems for the animals' homes there.
About 80% of all marine(海洋的) waste was plastic from bottles and packaging, most of which runs into rivers 1.
when
it rains and then flows into the sea. Rubbish causes problems for the animals 2. living
(live) in the ocean. 3. With
millions of tons of waste entering the ocean every year, it greatly puts sea animals' lives in danger. 4. It
is clear that we need to do something.One organization that does this is Ocean Conservancy, 5.
an
organization started in the US. Since 1986, it 6. has organized
(organize) International Coastal Clean - up. The event grows every year and now people are working on over 6,000 beaches in more than 100 countries. Less packaging and 7. fewer
(few) products are actions on the way to more sustainable and environmental development. If rubbish 8. is picked
(pick) up from the beach, it will not cause problems for animals that eat it or become 9. trapped
(trap) in it.Cleaning up the oceans seems like an 10.
impossible
(possible) task, but if everybody spares no efforts, one day there may no longer be a need for the ocean clean - up day.答案：1. when 解析：“most of which runs into rivers... it rains”，when 引导时间状语从句，指下雨这个时间点，故填 when。
2. living 解析：“the animals... in the ocean”，living in the ocean 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 animals，故填 living。
3. With 解析：with+名词+doing sth 是独立主格结构，指随着每年数百万吨垃圾进入海洋，且句首首字母大写，故填 With。
知识拓展 “with+名词+doing”结构
基本结构：with+名词/代词+现在分词（doing）
核心功能：在句子中作状语，用来表示背景情况、原因、条件、伴随动作等，使句子更生动、紧凑。
逻辑关系：该结构中的名词/代词与现在分词（doing）是主动关系，即这个名词是“做”这个动作的人或物。如 With spring coming，the flowers bloom.（随着春天到来，花开了。）
4. It 解析：It is clear that... 是固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面的从句，且句首首字母大写，故填 It。
5. an 解析：organization 是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，用 an 修饰，指一个起源于美国的组织，故填 an。
6. has organized 解析：Since 1986 是现在完成时的标志词，organize 的现在完成时形式 have/has organized，主语 it 是第三人称单数，故填 has organized。
7. fewer 解析：Less packaging and... products，products 是可数名词复数，few 的比较级 fewer 修饰可数名词复数，与 less（修饰不可数名词）并列，故填 fewer。
8. is picked 解析：rubbish 和 pick up 之间是被动关系，用被动语态 be+过去分词，主语 rubbish 是不可数名词，一般现在时中用 is picked，故填 is picked。
9. trapped 解析：become trapped in 是固定搭配，trapped 是过去分词作表语，指动物被困在垃圾里，故填 trapped。
10. impossible 解析：“but if everybody spares no efforts，one day there may no longer be a need for the ocean clean-up day”，前句表转折，指清理海洋似乎是不可能的任务，possible 的否定形式 impossible 符合，故填 impossible。
2. living 解析：“the animals... in the ocean”，living in the ocean 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 animals，故填 living。
3. With 解析：with+名词+doing sth 是独立主格结构，指随着每年数百万吨垃圾进入海洋，且句首首字母大写，故填 With。
知识拓展 “with+名词+doing”结构
基本结构：with+名词/代词+现在分词（doing）
核心功能：在句子中作状语，用来表示背景情况、原因、条件、伴随动作等，使句子更生动、紧凑。
逻辑关系：该结构中的名词/代词与现在分词（doing）是主动关系，即这个名词是“做”这个动作的人或物。如 With spring coming，the flowers bloom.（随着春天到来，花开了。）
4. It 解析：It is clear that... 是固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面的从句，且句首首字母大写，故填 It。
5. an 解析：organization 是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，用 an 修饰，指一个起源于美国的组织，故填 an。
6. has organized 解析：Since 1986 是现在完成时的标志词，organize 的现在完成时形式 have/has organized，主语 it 是第三人称单数，故填 has organized。
7. fewer 解析：Less packaging and... products，products 是可数名词复数，few 的比较级 fewer 修饰可数名词复数，与 less（修饰不可数名词）并列，故填 fewer。
8. is picked 解析：rubbish 和 pick up 之间是被动关系，用被动语态 be+过去分词，主语 rubbish 是不可数名词，一般现在时中用 is picked，故填 is picked。
9. trapped 解析：become trapped in 是固定搭配，trapped 是过去分词作表语，指动物被困在垃圾里，故填 trapped。
10. impossible 解析：“but if everybody spares no efforts，one day there may no longer be a need for the ocean clean-up day”，前句表转折，指清理海洋似乎是不可能的任务，possible 的否定形式 impossible 符合，故填 impossible。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇围绕海洋垃圾问题的语法填空题，解题需结合语境与语法知识逐一分析：
1. 第1空：空格后是完整句子“it rains”，空格前描述垃圾流入河流的情况，需引导时间状语从句的连词，结合“下雨时垃圾流入河流”的语境，确定用when。
2. 第2空：空格处修饰“the animals”，动物和“live”是主动关系，需用现在分词作后置定语，故填living。
3. 第3空：句子已有谓语动词“puts”，空格后是“millions of tons of waste entering”，属于“with+名词+doing”的独立主格结构，作状语表伴随，句首首字母大写，填With。
4. 第4空：句子真正主语是后面的that从句，需用it作形式主语，构成“It is clear that...”固定句型，句首首字母大写，填It。
5. 第5空：organization是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an泛指“一个组织”。
6. 第6空：句中有现在完成时标志词“Since 1986”，主语it是第三人称单数，故用has organized。
7. 第7空：和前文“Less packaging”并列，products是可数名词复数，需用few的比较级fewer修饰，表“更少的产品”。
8. 第8空：rubbish和pick up是被动关系，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语rubbish是不可数名词，故用is picked。
9. 第9空：“become trapped in”是固定搭配，意为“被困在……里”，trapped作表语。
10. 第10空：根据后文转折“but if everybody spares no efforts...”，前文表“清理海洋似乎是不可能的任务”，故用possible的否定形式impossible。
【解析】
1. when：空格后是完整的时间状语从句“it rains”，when引导时间状语从句，表“当……的时候”，契合“下雨时塑料垃圾流入河流再汇入海洋”的语境，故填when。
2. living：“the animals”与“live”为主动关系，现在分词短语“living in the ocean”作后置定语修饰animals，说明是“生活在海洋里的动物”，故填living。
3. With：此处采用“with+名词+现在分词”的独立主格结构，在句中作状语，描述“每年数百万吨垃圾进入海洋”的伴随情况，句首单词首字母需大写，故填With。
4. It：“It is clear that...”是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的that从句，避免句子头重脚轻，句首首字母大写，故填It。
5. an：organization是可数名词单数，且发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an泛指“一个起源于美国的组织”，故填an。
6. has organized：“Since 1986”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语it是第三人称单数，故填has organized。
7. fewer：空格处与前文“Less”并列，products是可数名词复数，few的比较级fewer修饰可数名词复数，表“更少的产品”，符合“更可持续的环保发展”语境，故填fewer。
8. is picked：rubbish和pick up是被动关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语rubbish是不可数名词，故填is picked。
9. trapped：“become trapped in”是固定搭配，意为“被困在……中”，trapped作表语，契合“动物被困在垃圾里”的语境，故填trapped。
10. impossible：根据后文转折连词“but”，前文表达“清理海洋似乎是一项不可能的任务”，possible的否定形式impossible符合语境，故填impossible。
【答案】
1. when
2. living
3. With
4. It
5. an
6. has organized
7. fewer
8. is picked
9. trapped
10. impossible
【知识点】
1. 现在完成时
2. 被动语态
3. 非谓语动词
【点评】
本题围绕海洋环保话题，综合考查状语从句引导词、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、固定句型等多种语法点，既要求学生具备扎实的语法基础，又需结合语境进行逻辑判断，能有效提升学生在语篇中运用语法知识的能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇围绕海洋垃圾问题的语法填空题，解题需结合语境与语法知识逐一分析：
1. 第1空：空格后是完整句子“it rains”，空格前描述垃圾流入河流的情况，需引导时间状语从句的连词，结合“下雨时垃圾流入河流”的语境，确定用when。
2. 第2空：空格处修饰“the animals”，动物和“live”是主动关系，需用现在分词作后置定语，故填living。
3. 第3空：句子已有谓语动词“puts”，空格后是“millions of tons of waste entering”，属于“with+名词+doing”的独立主格结构，作状语表伴随，句首首字母大写，填With。
4. 第4空：句子真正主语是后面的that从句，需用it作形式主语，构成“It is clear that...”固定句型，句首首字母大写，填It。
5. 第5空：organization是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an泛指“一个组织”。
6. 第6空：句中有现在完成时标志词“Since 1986”，主语it是第三人称单数，故用has organized。
7. 第7空：和前文“Less packaging”并列，products是可数名词复数，需用few的比较级fewer修饰，表“更少的产品”。
8. 第8空：rubbish和pick up是被动关系，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语rubbish是不可数名词，故用is picked。
9. 第9空：“become trapped in”是固定搭配，意为“被困在……里”，trapped作表语。
10. 第10空：根据后文转折“but if everybody spares no efforts...”，前文表“清理海洋似乎是不可能的任务”，故用possible的否定形式impossible。
【解析】
1. when：空格后是完整的时间状语从句“it rains”，when引导时间状语从句，表“当……的时候”，契合“下雨时塑料垃圾流入河流再汇入海洋”的语境，故填when。
2. living：“the animals”与“live”为主动关系，现在分词短语“living in the ocean”作后置定语修饰animals，说明是“生活在海洋里的动物”，故填living。
3. With：此处采用“with+名词+现在分词”的独立主格结构，在句中作状语，描述“每年数百万吨垃圾进入海洋”的伴随情况，句首单词首字母需大写，故填With。
4. It：“It is clear that...”是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的that从句，避免句子头重脚轻，句首首字母大写，故填It。
5. an：organization是可数名词单数，且发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an泛指“一个起源于美国的组织”，故填an。
6. has organized：“Since 1986”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语it是第三人称单数，故填has organized。
7. fewer：空格处与前文“Less”并列，products是可数名词复数，few的比较级fewer修饰可数名词复数，表“更少的产品”，符合“更可持续的环保发展”语境，故填fewer。
8. is picked：rubbish和pick up是被动关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语rubbish是不可数名词，故填is picked。
9. trapped：“become trapped in”是固定搭配，意为“被困在……中”，trapped作表语，契合“动物被困在垃圾里”的语境，故填trapped。
10. impossible：根据后文转折连词“but”，前文表达“清理海洋似乎是一项不可能的任务”，possible的否定形式impossible符合语境，故填impossible。
【答案】
1. when
2. living
3. With
4. It
5. an
6. has organized
7. fewer
8. is picked
9. trapped
10. impossible
【知识点】
1. 现在完成时
2. 被动语态
3. 非谓语动词
【点评】
本题围绕海洋环保话题，综合考查状语从句引导词、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、固定句型等多种语法点，既要求学生具备扎实的语法基础，又需结合语境进行逻辑判断，能有效提升学生在语篇中运用语法知识的能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. 学习榜样
Simon 想参与海滩清洁活动，在搜索过程中，他了解了一位守护三亚海洋生态的志愿者的事迹。
Li Jin was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya, Hainan. Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in the past several years. He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection. He does this through the internet.
Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registered (登记) as a volunteer in May, 2017. Li took the lead in a clean - up activity on the Sanya River. In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre. The centre has 1,170 registered members who take part in all kinds of activities without asking for payment.
Because of Li's growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos in 2021. In the videos, he used simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.
By 2023, he had spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events. More than 2,300 people have joined in the activities with his encouragement. They have drawn the attention of both adults and children to the importance of protecting oceans and beaches. His centre has organized 51 beach - cleaning activities which have seen about 1,800 people join in since it was set up.
"Although many people speak highly of my work, what I have done is not for the praise. I just want to make a difference to environmental protection. My volunteer work would be meaningless if I was paid. It is everyone's duty to protect the environment. The work itself is of great value, so I will continue doing the environmental protection work," he said.
1. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Millions of people join in Li Jin's activities.
B. Members in Li Jin's service centre get paid.
C. Some videos made by Li Jin are a success.
D. Li has organized 51 beach - cleaning activities so far.
2. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer organize his ideas from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 4?
A. By using numbers.
B. By using time order.
C. From general to specific.
D. From specific to general.
3. Which of the following best describes Li Jin?
A. Quiet and humorous.
B. Honest and easy - going.
C. Strong - minded and selfless.
D. Wise and busy.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The meaning of protecting waters.
B. A hero praised for volunteer work.
C. A volunteer service centre.
D. The beautiful beaches in Sanya.
Simon 想参与海滩清洁活动，在搜索过程中，他了解了一位守护三亚海洋生态的志愿者的事迹。
Li Jin was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya, Hainan. Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in the past several years. He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection. He does this through the internet.
Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registered (登记) as a volunteer in May, 2017. Li took the lead in a clean - up activity on the Sanya River. In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre. The centre has 1,170 registered members who take part in all kinds of activities without asking for payment.
Because of Li's growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos in 2021. In the videos, he used simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.
By 2023, he had spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events. More than 2,300 people have joined in the activities with his encouragement. They have drawn the attention of both adults and children to the importance of protecting oceans and beaches. His centre has organized 51 beach - cleaning activities which have seen about 1,800 people join in since it was set up.
"Although many people speak highly of my work, what I have done is not for the praise. I just want to make a difference to environmental protection. My volunteer work would be meaningless if I was paid. It is everyone's duty to protect the environment. The work itself is of great value, so I will continue doing the environmental protection work," he said.
1. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Millions of people join in Li Jin's activities.
B. Members in Li Jin's service centre get paid.
C. Some videos made by Li Jin are a success.
D. Li has organized 51 beach - cleaning activities so far.
2. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer organize his ideas from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 4?
A. By using numbers.
B. By using time order.
C. From general to specific.
D. From specific to general.
3. Which of the following best describes Li Jin?
A. Quiet and humorous.
B. Honest and easy - going.
C. Strong - minded and selfless.
D. Wise and busy.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The meaning of protecting waters.
B. A hero praised for volunteer work.
C. A volunteer service centre.
D. The beautiful beaches in Sanya.
答案：1-4 CBCB
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚生态环境的故事。
1. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.”可知，李金的一些视频观看量很高，说明视频很成功，故选 C。
2. B 解析：写作手法题。根据第二到四段“Around 2014”“in May，2017”“In April，2021”“in 2021”以及“By 2023”可知第二段到第四段是按照时间顺序组织的，故选 B。
3. C 解析：观点态度题。根据第一段“Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in past several years.”可知李金为保护三亚生态努力多年，说明他是一个意志坚强的人；根据第二段李金自费建立志愿者服务中心以及最后一段李金的话可知，李金无偿做志愿工作，觉得保护环境是每个人的责任，而且会继续做环保工作，由此可知，李金是一个无私的人，故选 C。
4. B 解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文并根据第一段“Li Jin was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya，Hainan. Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in the past several years.”可知，本文主要介绍了一位志愿保护三亚水域的英雄，故选 B。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚生态环境的故事。
1. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.”可知，李金的一些视频观看量很高，说明视频很成功，故选 C。
2. B 解析：写作手法题。根据第二到四段“Around 2014”“in May，2017”“In April，2021”“in 2021”以及“By 2023”可知第二段到第四段是按照时间顺序组织的，故选 B。
3. C 解析：观点态度题。根据第一段“Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in past several years.”可知李金为保护三亚生态努力多年，说明他是一个意志坚强的人；根据第二段李金自费建立志愿者服务中心以及最后一段李金的话可知，李金无偿做志愿工作，觉得保护环境是每个人的责任，而且会继续做环保工作，由此可知，李金是一个无私的人，故选 C。
4. B 解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文并根据第一段“Li Jin was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya，Hainan. Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in the past several years.”可知，本文主要介绍了一位志愿保护三亚水域的英雄，故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题是推理判断题，解题思路为逐一分析选项并结合原文细节排除错误项：A选项中“数百万人参加活动”与原文中参与活动的人数不符，且原文是视频观看量达数百万次；B选项“中心成员有报酬”与原文“无偿参与活动”相悖；C选项可根据视频观看量推断出视频很成功；D选项“李金组织51次活动”错误，实际是他的中心组织的。
2. 第2题是写作手法题，解题时重点关注第二段到第四段的时间标志词，通过这些时间表述可判断出作者是按时间顺序组织内容的。
3. 第3题是人物形象分析题，需从李金的行为和话语提炼品质：多年坚持环保志愿工作体现意志坚强，自费建中心、无偿服务且不为赞美只为环保体现无私。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，解题时抓住全文核心，文章始终围绕李金这位环保志愿者的事迹展开，主旨是赞扬这位投身志愿工作的英雄。
【解析】
1. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.”可知，李金的一些视频观看量高达数百万次，说明这些视频很成功，故选C。A选项中“Millions of people join in”与原文“More than 2,300 people have joined in”不符；B选项“get paid”与原文“take part in all kinds of activities without asking for payment”相悖；D选项“Li has organized”错误，原文是“His centre has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities”。
2. B 解析：写作手法题。观察第二段到第四段出现的时间表述“Around 2014”“in May, 2017”“In April, 2021”“in 2021”“By 2023”，可知作者是按照时间顺序来组织这部分内容的，故选B。
3. C 解析：观点态度题。根据第一段“Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in the past several years.”可知，李金多年坚持投身环保，体现出他意志坚定；由第二段“he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre”以及最后一段李金所说的“My volunteer work would be meaningless if I was paid. It is everyone's duty to protect the environment.”可知，他自费建中心、无偿做志愿，不为赞美只为环保，体现出他无私的品质，故选C。
4. B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇介绍李金的基本情况及他投身三亚水域保护的行动，后续段落详细讲述他的志愿经历、影响以及他的理念，全文围绕这位环保志愿者的事迹展开，旨在赞扬这位志愿工作的英雄，故选B。
【答案】
1-4 CBCB
【知识点】
推理判断、写作手法分析、人物形象归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇传递环保志愿精神的记叙文，围绕志愿者李金守护三亚海洋生态的事迹展开。题目涵盖推理判断、写作手法、人物形象、主旨大意等多种常见阅读理解题型，既考查学生对文本细节的精准把握能力，也考查学生的逻辑推理与整体概括能力，引导学生关注环保事业与志愿精神。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是推理判断题，解题思路为逐一分析选项并结合原文细节排除错误项：A选项中“数百万人参加活动”与原文中参与活动的人数不符，且原文是视频观看量达数百万次；B选项“中心成员有报酬”与原文“无偿参与活动”相悖；C选项可根据视频观看量推断出视频很成功；D选项“李金组织51次活动”错误，实际是他的中心组织的。
2. 第2题是写作手法题，解题时重点关注第二段到第四段的时间标志词，通过这些时间表述可判断出作者是按时间顺序组织内容的。
3. 第3题是人物形象分析题，需从李金的行为和话语提炼品质：多年坚持环保志愿工作体现意志坚强，自费建中心、无偿服务且不为赞美只为环保体现无私。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，解题时抓住全文核心，文章始终围绕李金这位环保志愿者的事迹展开，主旨是赞扬这位投身志愿工作的英雄。
【解析】
1. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.”可知，李金的一些视频观看量高达数百万次，说明这些视频很成功，故选C。A选项中“Millions of people join in”与原文“More than 2,300 people have joined in”不符；B选项“get paid”与原文“take part in all kinds of activities without asking for payment”相悖；D选项“Li has organized”错误，原文是“His centre has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities”。
2. B 解析：写作手法题。观察第二段到第四段出现的时间表述“Around 2014”“in May, 2017”“In April, 2021”“in 2021”“By 2023”，可知作者是按照时间顺序来组织这部分内容的，故选B。
3. C 解析：观点态度题。根据第一段“Li has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya in the past several years.”可知，李金多年坚持投身环保，体现出他意志坚定；由第二段“he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre”以及最后一段李金所说的“My volunteer work would be meaningless if I was paid. It is everyone's duty to protect the environment.”可知，他自费建中心、无偿做志愿，不为赞美只为环保，体现出他无私的品质，故选C。
4. B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇介绍李金的基本情况及他投身三亚水域保护的行动，后续段落详细讲述他的志愿经历、影响以及他的理念，全文围绕这位环保志愿者的事迹展开，旨在赞扬这位志愿工作的英雄，故选B。
【答案】
1-4 CBCB
【知识点】
推理判断、写作手法分析、人物形象归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇传递环保志愿精神的记叙文，围绕志愿者李金守护三亚海洋生态的事迹展开。题目涵盖推理判断、写作手法、人物形象、主旨大意等多种常见阅读理解题型，既考查学生对文本细节的精准把握能力，也考查学生的逻辑推理与整体概括能力，引导学生关注环保事业与志愿精神。
【难度系数】
0.6