Ⅲ. 自动驾驶
能自己思考的自动驾驶汽车逐渐走进人们的视野，Daniel 思考它是否安全。
(2025·淮安二模改编) Self - driving cars do not have people telling them what to do. 1. . That is learning about the environment, deciding what to do next, and taking action.
First, the car needs to know what is around it. It uses many different sensors (传感器) to do this. These sensors, such as cameras and radar, are like the car's “eyes”. 2. . The sensors also help the car know where and how fast it is going.
3. . This is where “Vehicle to Everything (V2X)” comes in. This technology connects a self - driving car with people and things. It also allows the car to go online. All these things help the car “talk” with the outside world and get the latest road information.
After receiving the information, the car needs to read it, has to “think” and decide what to do. So it combines (合并) the information from all sensors. This process (过程) is called multi - sensor fusion (多传感器融合). Machine learning plays an important role here because it helps the car recognize people and objects. 4. .
Finally, to carry out decisions, the car uses drive - by - wire technology. 5. . This makes different parts of the car respond (反应) quickly. The car also uses less oil this way, which is good for the environment.
A. Then, the car can decide when to stop, go, or turn
B. They move themselves about safely by doing three things right
C. Cool technologies help self - driving cars “see”, “talk” and “think”
D. They allow the car to “see” things such as people and traffic lights
E. Bringing together information is just like putting together the pieces of a puzzle (拼图)
F. It allows the car to give orders to its wheels, brakes (刹车) and engine in the form of electronic signals
G. Besides knowing what is around it and where it is going, a self - driving car makes plans ahead to avoid traffic accidents
Questions: What problems in life can self - driving technology solve? And what risks might it bring? Give your opinions in more than 30 words.
能自己思考的自动驾驶汽车逐渐走进人们的视野，Daniel 思考它是否安全。
(2025·淮安二模改编) Self - driving cars do not have people telling them what to do. 1. . That is learning about the environment, deciding what to do next, and taking action.
First, the car needs to know what is around it. It uses many different sensors (传感器) to do this. These sensors, such as cameras and radar, are like the car's “eyes”. 2. . The sensors also help the car know where and how fast it is going.
3. . This is where “Vehicle to Everything (V2X)” comes in. This technology connects a self - driving car with people and things. It also allows the car to go online. All these things help the car “talk” with the outside world and get the latest road information.
After receiving the information, the car needs to read it, has to “think” and decide what to do. So it combines (合并) the information from all sensors. This process (过程) is called multi - sensor fusion (多传感器融合). Machine learning plays an important role here because it helps the car recognize people and objects. 4. .
Finally, to carry out decisions, the car uses drive - by - wire technology. 5. . This makes different parts of the car respond (反应) quickly. The car also uses less oil this way, which is good for the environment.
A. Then, the car can decide when to stop, go, or turn
B. They move themselves about safely by doing three things right
C. Cool technologies help self - driving cars “see”, “talk” and “think”
D. They allow the car to “see” things such as people and traffic lights
E. Bringing together information is just like putting together the pieces of a puzzle (拼图)
F. It allows the car to give orders to its wheels, brakes (刹车) and engine in the form of electronic signals
G. Besides knowing what is around it and where it is going, a self - driving car makes plans ahead to avoid traffic accidents
Questions: What problems in life can self - driving technology solve? And what risks might it bring? Give your opinions in more than 30 words.
答案：1 - 5 BD GAF
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的工作原理，包括感知环境、决策和执行三个关键步骤，并详细说明了传感器、V2X 技术和线控技术的作用。
1. B 解析：根据上文“Self - driving cars do not have people telling them what to do.”以及下文“That is learning about the environment, deciding what to do next, and taking action.”可知，自动驾驶汽车需要完成这三件事情，选项 B“它们通过正确地做三件事来安全地行动”符合语境。故选 B。
2. D 解析：根据上文“These sensors, such as cameras and radar, are like the car's 'eyes'.”以及下文“The sensors also help the car know where and how fast it is going.”可知，传感器是汽车的“眼睛”，还能帮助汽车定位和测速，选项 D“它们允许汽车‘看到’人和交通信号灯等东西”符合语境。故选 D。
3. G 解析：根据下文“This is where 'Vehicle to Everything （V2X）' comes in... All these things help the car 'talk' with the outside world and get the latest road information.”并结合选项可知，此处与 V2X 的“提前规划”有关，选项 G“除了知道周围是什么以及它要去哪里，自动驾驶汽车还会提前制定计划以避免交通事故”符合语境。故选 G。
4. A 解析：根据上文“After receiving the information, the car needs to read it, has to 'think' and decide what to do... Machine learning plays an important role here because it helps the car recognize people and objects.”可知，识别物体后，需要进行“决策”步骤，选项 A“然后，汽车可以决定何时停车、行驶或转弯”符合语境。故选 A。
5. F 解析：根据上文“Finally, to carry out decisions, the car uses drive - by - wire technology.”以及下文“This makes different parts of the car respond quickly. The car also uses less oil this way, which is good for the environment.”可知，线控技术使得汽车的不同部分能够快速响应，选项 F“它允许汽车以电子信号的形式向车轮、刹车和发动机发出指令”符合语境。故选 F。
Questions: Self - driving technology can reduce car accidents caused by human mistakes and help people who can't drive. But if sensors break or the system goes wrong, this could lead to new accidents. Also, it might make some jobs （like taxi drivers） disappear.（根据自身了解回答，言之有理即可）
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的工作原理，包括感知环境、决策和执行三个关键步骤，并详细说明了传感器、V2X 技术和线控技术的作用。
1. B 解析：根据上文“Self - driving cars do not have people telling them what to do.”以及下文“That is learning about the environment, deciding what to do next, and taking action.”可知，自动驾驶汽车需要完成这三件事情，选项 B“它们通过正确地做三件事来安全地行动”符合语境。故选 B。
2. D 解析：根据上文“These sensors, such as cameras and radar, are like the car's 'eyes'.”以及下文“The sensors also help the car know where and how fast it is going.”可知，传感器是汽车的“眼睛”，还能帮助汽车定位和测速，选项 D“它们允许汽车‘看到’人和交通信号灯等东西”符合语境。故选 D。
3. G 解析：根据下文“This is where 'Vehicle to Everything （V2X）' comes in... All these things help the car 'talk' with the outside world and get the latest road information.”并结合选项可知，此处与 V2X 的“提前规划”有关，选项 G“除了知道周围是什么以及它要去哪里，自动驾驶汽车还会提前制定计划以避免交通事故”符合语境。故选 G。
4. A 解析：根据上文“After receiving the information, the car needs to read it, has to 'think' and decide what to do... Machine learning plays an important role here because it helps the car recognize people and objects.”可知，识别物体后，需要进行“决策”步骤，选项 A“然后，汽车可以决定何时停车、行驶或转弯”符合语境。故选 A。
5. F 解析：根据上文“Finally, to carry out decisions, the car uses drive - by - wire technology.”以及下文“This makes different parts of the car respond quickly. The car also uses less oil this way, which is good for the environment.”可知，线控技术使得汽车的不同部分能够快速响应，选项 F“它允许汽车以电子信号的形式向车轮、刹车和发动机发出指令”符合语境。故选 F。
Questions: Self - driving technology can reduce car accidents caused by human mistakes and help people who can't drive. But if sensors break or the system goes wrong, this could lead to new accidents. Also, it might make some jobs （like taxi drivers） disappear.（根据自身了解回答，言之有理即可）
解析：
【分析】
对于七选五部分，解题思路是先通读全文，把握自动驾驶汽车工作原理的整体逻辑，再结合每空前后文的语境线索匹配选项：
1. 第一空：前文提到自动驾驶汽车无需人类指挥，后文明确指出三件核心事，需找能衔接“无需指挥”和“三件事”的过渡句，锁定说明自动驾驶靠三件事安全运行的选项。
2. 第二空：前文把传感器比作汽车的“眼睛”，后文讲传感器的其他功能，需选体现传感器“看”的具体作用的选项。
3. 第三空：后文介绍V2X技术帮助汽车获取路况信息，需选能引出汽车除感知环境外还要提前规划避障的选项，衔接技术的作用。
4. 第四空：前文讲汽车接收信息后要“思考决策”，需选体现决策具体内容的选项。
5. 第五空：前文介绍线控技术用于执行决策，后文讲该技术让汽车部件快速响应，需选说明线控技术工作方式的选项。
对于问答部分，要从自动驾驶的优势（减少人为事故、帮助无法驾驶的人）和风险（传感器故障引发事故、冲击相关职业）两方面展开，保证内容符合要求且字数达标。
【解析】
七选五解析
1. 第1空选B：根据上文“Self - driving cars do not have people telling them what to do.”（自动驾驶汽车无需人类指挥）以及下文“That is learning about the environment, deciding what to do next, and taking action.”（即感知环境、决定下一步行动、采取措施），选项B“它们通过正确地做三件事来安全地行动”能完美衔接上下文，引出后文的三件核心工作。故选B。
2. 第2空选D：根据上文“These sensors, such as cameras and radar, are like the car's 'eyes'.”（这些传感器，比如摄像头和雷达，就像汽车的“眼睛”）以及下文“The sensors also help the car know where and how fast it is going.”（传感器还能帮助汽车了解自身位置和行驶速度），选项D“它们允许汽车‘看到’人和交通信号灯等东西”符合“眼睛”的功能描述，承接前文并引出后文传感器的其他作用。故选D。
3. 第3空选G：根据下文“This is where 'Vehicle to Everything (V2X)' comes in... All these things help the car 'talk' with the outside world and get the latest road information.”（这就是车联网技术的用武之地……所有这些都能帮助汽车与外界“交流”，获取最新路况信息），选项G“除了知道周围是什么以及它要去哪里，自动驾驶汽车还会提前制定计划以避免交通事故”能引出汽车提前规划的需求，衔接后文V2X技术的作用。故选G。
4. 第4空选A：根据上文“After receiving the information, the car needs to read it, has to 'think' and decide what to do... Machine learning plays an important role here because it helps the car recognize people and objects.”（接收信息后，汽车需要解读信息、“思考”并决定行动……机器学习在这里发挥重要作用，因为它能帮助汽车识别人和物体），选项A“然后，汽车可以决定何时停车、行驶或转弯”是“思考决策”后的具体行动，符合语境。故选A。
5. 第5空选F：根据上文“Finally, to carry out decisions, the car uses drive - by - wire technology.”（最后，为了执行决策，汽车采用线控技术）以及下文“This makes different parts of the car respond quickly. The car also uses less oil this way, which is good for the environment.”（这让汽车的各个部件快速响应，还能省油，利于环保），选项F“它允许汽车以电子信号的形式向车轮、刹车和发动机发出指令”解释了线控技术的工作方式，能引出后文的优势。故选F。
问答解析
自动驾驶技术的优势：可以减少因人为失误导致的交通事故，还能帮助无法驾驶的人群出行；风险方面，如果传感器故障或系统出错，可能引发新的事故，同时会让出租车司机等相关职业面临失业风险，结合这些要点组织语言即可。
【答案】
1 - 5：BDGAF
Questions: Self - driving technology can reduce car accidents caused by human mistakes and help people who can't drive. But if sensors break or the system goes wrong, this could lead to new accidents. Also, it might make some jobs (like taxi drivers) disappear.
【知识点】
1. 七选五解题技巧
2. 自动驾驶技术常识
【点评】
本题结合热门的自动驾驶技术，既考查了七选五的语篇逻辑衔接能力，又考查了学生对新技术的认知与思辨能力，贴合生活实际，能锻炼学生的语篇理解和综合表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
对于七选五部分，解题思路是先通读全文，把握自动驾驶汽车工作原理的整体逻辑，再结合每空前后文的语境线索匹配选项：
1. 第一空：前文提到自动驾驶汽车无需人类指挥，后文明确指出三件核心事，需找能衔接“无需指挥”和“三件事”的过渡句，锁定说明自动驾驶靠三件事安全运行的选项。
2. 第二空：前文把传感器比作汽车的“眼睛”，后文讲传感器的其他功能，需选体现传感器“看”的具体作用的选项。
3. 第三空：后文介绍V2X技术帮助汽车获取路况信息，需选能引出汽车除感知环境外还要提前规划避障的选项，衔接技术的作用。
4. 第四空：前文讲汽车接收信息后要“思考决策”，需选体现决策具体内容的选项。
5. 第五空：前文介绍线控技术用于执行决策，后文讲该技术让汽车部件快速响应，需选说明线控技术工作方式的选项。
对于问答部分，要从自动驾驶的优势（减少人为事故、帮助无法驾驶的人）和风险（传感器故障引发事故、冲击相关职业）两方面展开，保证内容符合要求且字数达标。
【解析】
七选五解析
1. 第1空选B：根据上文“Self - driving cars do not have people telling them what to do.”（自动驾驶汽车无需人类指挥）以及下文“That is learning about the environment, deciding what to do next, and taking action.”（即感知环境、决定下一步行动、采取措施），选项B“它们通过正确地做三件事来安全地行动”能完美衔接上下文，引出后文的三件核心工作。故选B。
2. 第2空选D：根据上文“These sensors, such as cameras and radar, are like the car's 'eyes'.”（这些传感器，比如摄像头和雷达，就像汽车的“眼睛”）以及下文“The sensors also help the car know where and how fast it is going.”（传感器还能帮助汽车了解自身位置和行驶速度），选项D“它们允许汽车‘看到’人和交通信号灯等东西”符合“眼睛”的功能描述，承接前文并引出后文传感器的其他作用。故选D。
3. 第3空选G：根据下文“This is where 'Vehicle to Everything (V2X)' comes in... All these things help the car 'talk' with the outside world and get the latest road information.”（这就是车联网技术的用武之地……所有这些都能帮助汽车与外界“交流”，获取最新路况信息），选项G“除了知道周围是什么以及它要去哪里，自动驾驶汽车还会提前制定计划以避免交通事故”能引出汽车提前规划的需求，衔接后文V2X技术的作用。故选G。
4. 第4空选A：根据上文“After receiving the information, the car needs to read it, has to 'think' and decide what to do... Machine learning plays an important role here because it helps the car recognize people and objects.”（接收信息后，汽车需要解读信息、“思考”并决定行动……机器学习在这里发挥重要作用，因为它能帮助汽车识别人和物体），选项A“然后，汽车可以决定何时停车、行驶或转弯”是“思考决策”后的具体行动，符合语境。故选A。
5. 第5空选F：根据上文“Finally, to carry out decisions, the car uses drive - by - wire technology.”（最后，为了执行决策，汽车采用线控技术）以及下文“This makes different parts of the car respond quickly. The car also uses less oil this way, which is good for the environment.”（这让汽车的各个部件快速响应，还能省油，利于环保），选项F“它允许汽车以电子信号的形式向车轮、刹车和发动机发出指令”解释了线控技术的工作方式，能引出后文的优势。故选F。
问答解析
自动驾驶技术的优势：可以减少因人为失误导致的交通事故，还能帮助无法驾驶的人群出行；风险方面，如果传感器故障或系统出错，可能引发新的事故，同时会让出租车司机等相关职业面临失业风险，结合这些要点组织语言即可。
【答案】
1 - 5：BDGAF
Questions: Self - driving technology can reduce car accidents caused by human mistakes and help people who can't drive. But if sensors break or the system goes wrong, this could lead to new accidents. Also, it might make some jobs (like taxi drivers) disappear.
【知识点】
1. 七选五解题技巧
2. 自动驾驶技术常识
【点评】
本题结合热门的自动驾驶技术，既考查了七选五的语篇逻辑衔接能力，又考查了学生对新技术的认知与思辨能力，贴合生活实际，能锻炼学生的语篇理解和综合表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.6