8. Which of the following is an OPINION?
A.There are lots of places of interest in Nantong.
B.In Nantong, old people often play chess in the park.
C.Of all the attractions, Hao River is the most beautiful.
D.Many tourists go to Nantong to enjoy flowers in spring.
A.There are lots of places of interest in Nantong.
B.In Nantong, old people often play chess in the park.
C.Of all the attractions, Hao River is the most beautiful.
D.Many tourists go to Nantong to enjoy flowers in spring.
答案：8. C 解析:A 选项“南通有很多名胜古迹。”、B 选项“南通的老人经常在公园下棋。”、D 选项“很多游客春天去南通赏花。”均为客观事实；C 选项“在所有景点中，濠河是最美丽的。”为主观判断，属于观点，故选 C。
知识拓展 事实（FACT）与观点（OPINION）的区别:
事实:客观存在、可验证的信息（A 选项“南通有很多名胜古迹。”、B 选项“南通的老人经常在公园下棋。”、D 选项“很多游客春天去南通赏花。”均可验证）；
观点:主观判断、带有个人情感的表述（C 选项“在所有景点中，濠河是最美丽的。”，“最美丽”是主观评价，不同的人有不同的看法）。
知识拓展 事实（FACT）与观点（OPINION）的区别:
事实:客观存在、可验证的信息（A 选项“南通有很多名胜古迹。”、B 选项“南通的老人经常在公园下棋。”、D 选项“很多游客春天去南通赏花。”均可验证）；
观点:主观判断、带有个人情感的表述（C 选项“在所有景点中，濠河是最美丽的。”，“最美丽”是主观评价，不同的人有不同的看法）。
解析：
【分析】
要解决这道题，首先需明确事实（FACT）与观点（OPINION）的核心区别：事实是客观存在、可通过证据验证的信息；观点是带有个人主观判断、情感倾向的表述，不同人可能有不同看法。接着逐个分析选项：A选项描述南通的名胜古迹数量，是可验证的客观情况；B选项提及老人在公园下棋的行为，是能观察到的客观现象；D选项说游客春天去南通赏花，也是可验证的事实；而C选项中的“最美丽”是个人主观审美评价，不同人看法不同，属于观点。
【解析】
先明确事实与观点的定义：事实是客观存在、可验证的信息；观点是主观判断、带有个人情感的表述。
A选项“南通有很多名胜古迹”：属于可通过统计、实地考察验证的客观事实；
B选项“南通的老人经常在公园下棋”：是可观察到的客观现象，属于事实；
C选项“在所有景点中，濠河是最美丽的”：“最美丽”是个人主观的审美评价，不同人对景点的审美认知不同，属于观点；
D选项“很多游客春天去南通赏花”：是可通过数据、实地观察验证的客观事实。
综上，只有C选项是观点，故选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
事实与观点区分
【点评】
本题核心考查对事实和观点概念的理解，掌握二者的核心区别是解题关键。这类题型在英语阅读理解、判断类题目中较为常见，准确区分二者有助于提升对文本信息的判断与理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
要解决这道题，首先需明确事实（FACT）与观点（OPINION）的核心区别：事实是客观存在、可通过证据验证的信息；观点是带有个人主观判断、情感倾向的表述，不同人可能有不同看法。接着逐个分析选项：A选项描述南通的名胜古迹数量，是可验证的客观情况；B选项提及老人在公园下棋的行为，是能观察到的客观现象；D选项说游客春天去南通赏花，也是可验证的事实；而C选项中的“最美丽”是个人主观审美评价，不同人看法不同，属于观点。
【解析】
先明确事实与观点的定义：事实是客观存在、可验证的信息；观点是主观判断、带有个人情感的表述。
A选项“南通有很多名胜古迹”：属于可通过统计、实地考察验证的客观事实；
B选项“南通的老人经常在公园下棋”：是可观察到的客观现象，属于事实；
C选项“在所有景点中，濠河是最美丽的”：“最美丽”是个人主观的审美评价，不同人对景点的审美认知不同，属于观点；
D选项“很多游客春天去南通赏花”：是可通过数据、实地观察验证的客观事实。
综上，只有C选项是观点，故选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
事实与观点区分
【点评】
本题核心考查对事实和观点概念的理解，掌握二者的核心区别是解题关键。这类题型在英语阅读理解、判断类题目中较为常见，准确区分二者有助于提升对文本信息的判断与理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
9. —
A.Pardon me; Sorry
B.I am sorry; Excuse me
C.Excuse me; I'm sorry
D.I am sorry; I am sorry
Excuse me
, can you tell me the way to the post office? —I'm sorry
, I don't know. You can ask the policeman over there.A.Pardon me; Sorry
B.I am sorry; Excuse me
C.Excuse me; I'm sorry
D.I am sorry; I am sorry
答案：9. C 解析:Excuse me 用于引起他人注意，表“打扰一下”，符合“问路”的语境；I'm sorry 用于道歉，表“对不起”，符合“不知道路”的语境，故选 C。
解析：
【分析】
首先要明确“Excuse me”和“I'm sorry”的用法区别：“Excuse me”通常用于打扰别人、引起他人注意的场景，比如问路、询问信息等；“I'm sorry”则用于表达歉意，比如无法提供帮助、做错事时。
然后结合题目语境分析：第一个空是问路前的礼貌开场，需要打扰对方，所以要用“Excuse me”；第二个空是回答者不知道路，需要向对方表达歉意，所以要用“I'm sorry”。最后对应选项，找到符合这两个用法的选项即可。
【解析】
1. 短语用法辨析：
“Excuse me”用于引起他人注意、打扰对方的场景，适合问路这类需要麻烦别人的情境。
“I'm sorry”用于表达歉意，当无法满足对方请求（如不知道路）时使用。
2. 语境匹配：
第一空是问路时的礼貌用语，需打扰对方，故用“Excuse me”。
第二空回答者无法提供指路帮助，需表达歉意，故用“I'm sorry”。
3. 选项确定：选项C中的表达完全符合上述语境要求，因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
情景交际用语；Excuse me与I'm sorry用法辨析
【点评】
本题考查日常交际礼貌用语的辨析，核心是区分“Excuse me”和“I'm sorry”的使用场景，解题关键是结合具体语境判断合适的表达，学生需熟悉日常交际中的常用礼貌用语，注重语境理解。
【难度系数】
0.8
首先要明确“Excuse me”和“I'm sorry”的用法区别：“Excuse me”通常用于打扰别人、引起他人注意的场景，比如问路、询问信息等；“I'm sorry”则用于表达歉意，比如无法提供帮助、做错事时。
然后结合题目语境分析：第一个空是问路前的礼貌开场，需要打扰对方，所以要用“Excuse me”；第二个空是回答者不知道路，需要向对方表达歉意，所以要用“I'm sorry”。最后对应选项，找到符合这两个用法的选项即可。
【解析】
1. 短语用法辨析：
“Excuse me”用于引起他人注意、打扰对方的场景，适合问路这类需要麻烦别人的情境。
“I'm sorry”用于表达歉意，当无法满足对方请求（如不知道路）时使用。
2. 语境匹配：
第一空是问路时的礼貌用语，需打扰对方，故用“Excuse me”。
第二空回答者无法提供指路帮助，需表达歉意，故用“I'm sorry”。
3. 选项确定：选项C中的表达完全符合上述语境要求，因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
情景交际用语；Excuse me与I'm sorry用法辨析
【点评】
本题考查日常交际礼貌用语的辨析，核心是区分“Excuse me”和“I'm sorry”的使用场景，解题关键是结合具体语境判断合适的表达，学生需熟悉日常交际中的常用礼貌用语，注重语境理解。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅳ. 句子翻译
1. 作为读者，对盗版书籍说不很重要。
2. 父母无法确定自己的孩子将来是否会成功。
3. 这本书目前已被翻译成许多种不同的语言。
4. 汤姆说服他的朋友们帮他做家务。
5. 这个故事告诉我们，要为自己认为正确的事物而奋斗。
1. 作为读者，对盗版书籍说不很重要。
As readers, it's important to say no to pirated books.
2. 父母无法确定自己的孩子将来是否会成功。
Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. 这本书目前已被翻译成许多种不同的语言。
The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. 汤姆说服他的朋友们帮他做家务。
Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. 这个故事告诉我们，要为自己认为正确的事物而奋斗。
The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
答案：Ⅳ. 1. As readers, it's important to say no to pirated books.
2. Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
2. Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
解析：
【分析】
1. 第一题：先明确“作为读者”的英文表达为As readers；“做某事很重要”常用it作形式主语的句型it's important to do sth，避免句子头重脚轻；“对盗版书籍说不”对应短语say no to pirated books，将这些部分合理组合即可完成翻译。
2. 第二题：“无法确定”的固定表达是can't say for sure；“是否”用if...or not结构来体现不确定性；“将来成功”是will be successful in the future，结合主语Parents和指代孩子的their children，整合后形成完整句子。
3. 第三题：“目前”提示使用现在完成时，“被翻译成”需要用被动语态，所以采用现在完成时被动结构has been translated into；“许多种不同的语言”译为many different languages，“目前”用so far表达，组合成符合语法的句子。
4. 第四题：“说服某人做某事”的固定短语是talk sb into doing sth；“做家务”是do chores；“帮他”译为for him，结合主语Tom，按照短语结构组织语言即可。
5. 第五题：“告诉某人做某事”是tell sb to do sth；“为……奋斗”是fight for；“自己认为正确的事物”用宾语从句what we think is right来表达，将这些部分结合起来完成翻译。
【解析】
1. 翻译步骤：
确定核心短语与句型：“作为读者”→As readers；“做某事很重要”→it's important to do sth；“对盗版书籍说不”→say no to pirated books
组合成句：As readers, it's important to say no to pirated books.
2. 翻译步骤：
确定核心短语与句型：“无法确定”→can't say for sure；“是否”→if...or not；“将来成功”→will be successful in the future
组合成句：Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. 翻译步骤：
确定时态语态：“目前”提示现在完成时，“被翻译”用被动语态，结构为has been translated into
确定核心短语：“许多种不同的语言”→many different languages；“目前”→so far
组合成句：The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. 翻译步骤：
确定核心固定短语：“说服某人做某事”→talk sb into doing sth；“做家务”→do chores
组合成句：Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. 翻译步骤：
确定核心短语与从句：“告诉某人做某事”→tell sb to do sth；“为……奋斗”→fight for；“自己认为正确的事物”→what we think is right
组合成句：The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
【答案】
Ⅳ. 1. As readers, it's important to say no to pirated books.
2. Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
【知识点】
1. 常用英语句型
2. 现在完成时被动语态
3. 固定短语搭配
【点评】
这组句子翻译题聚焦初中阶段核心英语知识，涵盖基础句型、固定短语和被动语态，内容贴近日常表达，既考查学生的词汇短语积累，也考验对语法规则的实际运用能力，有助于提升学生的英汉转换能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第一题：先明确“作为读者”的英文表达为As readers；“做某事很重要”常用it作形式主语的句型it's important to do sth，避免句子头重脚轻；“对盗版书籍说不”对应短语say no to pirated books，将这些部分合理组合即可完成翻译。
2. 第二题：“无法确定”的固定表达是can't say for sure；“是否”用if...or not结构来体现不确定性；“将来成功”是will be successful in the future，结合主语Parents和指代孩子的their children，整合后形成完整句子。
3. 第三题：“目前”提示使用现在完成时，“被翻译成”需要用被动语态，所以采用现在完成时被动结构has been translated into；“许多种不同的语言”译为many different languages，“目前”用so far表达，组合成符合语法的句子。
4. 第四题：“说服某人做某事”的固定短语是talk sb into doing sth；“做家务”是do chores；“帮他”译为for him，结合主语Tom，按照短语结构组织语言即可。
5. 第五题：“告诉某人做某事”是tell sb to do sth；“为……奋斗”是fight for；“自己认为正确的事物”用宾语从句what we think is right来表达，将这些部分结合起来完成翻译。
【解析】
1. 翻译步骤：
确定核心短语与句型：“作为读者”→As readers；“做某事很重要”→it's important to do sth；“对盗版书籍说不”→say no to pirated books
组合成句：As readers, it's important to say no to pirated books.
2. 翻译步骤：
确定核心短语与句型：“无法确定”→can't say for sure；“是否”→if...or not；“将来成功”→will be successful in the future
组合成句：Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. 翻译步骤：
确定时态语态：“目前”提示现在完成时，“被翻译”用被动语态，结构为has been translated into
确定核心短语：“许多种不同的语言”→many different languages；“目前”→so far
组合成句：The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. 翻译步骤：
确定核心固定短语：“说服某人做某事”→talk sb into doing sth；“做家务”→do chores
组合成句：Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. 翻译步骤：
确定核心短语与从句：“告诉某人做某事”→tell sb to do sth；“为……奋斗”→fight for；“自己认为正确的事物”→what we think is right
组合成句：The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
【答案】
Ⅳ. 1. As readers, it's important to say no to pirated books.
2. Parents can't say for sure if their children will be successful or not in the future.
3. The book has been translated into many different languages so far.
4. Tom talked his friends into doing chores for him.
5. The story tells us to fight for what we think is right.
【知识点】
1. 常用英语句型
2. 现在完成时被动语态
3. 固定短语搭配
【点评】
这组句子翻译题聚焦初中阶段核心英语知识，涵盖基础句型、固定短语和被动语态，内容贴近日常表达，既考查学生的词汇短语积累，也考验对语法规则的实际运用能力，有助于提升学生的英汉转换能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
新语篇 简版小说 At first, I could hardly see anything. After moving down through dark, narrow caves, my eyes were not used to the light. But when I could focus again, I stood in surprise.
"It's a... sea," I cried.
"Yes. Axel," my uncle said, "and I shall give it my name, as I discovered it!"
There was a great lake or even an ocean. The shore was covered with small shells where the first living beings lived. Around this sea stood a huge rock wall.
I could see far over this great sea because of a strange light. Not sunlight, of course, as we were deep below the surface. With its bright, clear whiteness, the light must have been electric.
We kept quiet inside a cave that must have been several miles high.
Human words cannot describe the discoveries of those who have been deep into the earth. My imagination was powerless before such wonders. I felt surprised and quite scared at the same time. However, the soft salty air cheered me up. After many days in much narrower spaces, it was a great relief.
"Ready to walk a little now?" asked my uncle. "Yes, certainly."
"Well, let us follow the shore then," he said, and we began to explore.
Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas. "Mushrooms!" said my uncle. And he was right! There were mushrooms in their thousands, and each was at least nine metres high. How excellent they were!
"Wonderful!" cried my uncle. "Now look under your feet."
I hadn't noticed the many bones under our feet as we walked. Suddenly I thought, if once these monsters lived here, might some still walk through these dark forests? I looked around nervously, but we were the only living beings in this underworld. Thankfully!
Finally, we returned to the cave we had entered from, and I went to sleep with strange thoughts. Where did this underground sea end? Where would we go?
—Adapted from A Journey to the Centre of the Earth
1. 新考法 图示理解 Which of the following pictures can we add to the story?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. 新考法 创新设问 Which of the following describes things the same way as the underlined sentence?
A. The boy was so hungry that he could eat a horse.
B. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times...
C. The girl was as brave as a lion when facing problems.
D. She sells special and stylish seashells by the seashore.
3. What is the RIGHT order of the story?
①Axel and his uncle saw many mushrooms.
②Axel slept with strange thoughts.
③Axel guessed that the light was electric.
④Axel's uncle discovered a great sea.
⑤Axel and his uncle walked on the bones.
A. ④③②①⑤
B. ④③①⑤②
C. ③④②①⑤
D. ③④①⑤②
4. Why did Axel's feelings change so many times during the journey?
A. Because the underground world was too dark.
B. Because he was unable to think in a clear way.
C. Because he was so tired that he wanted to sleep.
D. Because the journey was full of the unexpected.
新语篇 简版小说 At first, I could hardly see anything. After moving down through dark, narrow caves, my eyes were not used to the light. But when I could focus again, I stood in surprise.
"It's a... sea," I cried.
"Yes. Axel," my uncle said, "and I shall give it my name, as I discovered it!"
There was a great lake or even an ocean. The shore was covered with small shells where the first living beings lived. Around this sea stood a huge rock wall.
I could see far over this great sea because of a strange light. Not sunlight, of course, as we were deep below the surface. With its bright, clear whiteness, the light must have been electric.
We kept quiet inside a cave that must have been several miles high.
Human words cannot describe the discoveries of those who have been deep into the earth. My imagination was powerless before such wonders. I felt surprised and quite scared at the same time. However, the soft salty air cheered me up. After many days in much narrower spaces, it was a great relief.
"Ready to walk a little now?" asked my uncle. "Yes, certainly."
"Well, let us follow the shore then," he said, and we began to explore.
Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas. "Mushrooms!" said my uncle. And he was right! There were mushrooms in their thousands, and each was at least nine metres high. How excellent they were!
"Wonderful!" cried my uncle. "Now look under your feet."
I hadn't noticed the many bones under our feet as we walked. Suddenly I thought, if once these monsters lived here, might some still walk through these dark forests? I looked around nervously, but we were the only living beings in this underworld. Thankfully!
Finally, we returned to the cave we had entered from, and I went to sleep with strange thoughts. Where did this underground sea end? Where would we go?
—Adapted from A Journey to the Centre of the Earth
1. 新考法 图示理解 Which of the following pictures can we add to the story?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. 新考法 创新设问 Which of the following describes things the same way as the underlined sentence?
A. The boy was so hungry that he could eat a horse.
B. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times...
C. The girl was as brave as a lion when facing problems.
D. She sells special and stylish seashells by the seashore.
3. What is the RIGHT order of the story?
①Axel and his uncle saw many mushrooms.
②Axel slept with strange thoughts.
③Axel guessed that the light was electric.
④Axel's uncle discovered a great sea.
⑤Axel and his uncle walked on the bones.
A. ④③②①⑤
B. ④③①⑤②
C. ③④②①⑤
D. ③④①⑤②
4. Why did Axel's feelings change so many times during the journey?
A. Because the underground world was too dark.
B. Because he was unable to think in a clear way.
C. Because he was so tired that he wanted to sleep.
D. Because the journey was full of the unexpected.
答案：V. 1 - 4 ACBD
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，节选并改编自《地心游记》。“我”随叔叔深入地底，先是适应了昏暗环境，随后发现了一片地下大海，以及巨大如伞的蘑菇森林和遍地的骨骼，种种意想不到的景象令人既惊奇又紧张，最后“我”带着各样奇思进入睡眠。
1. A 解析:图示理解题。根据“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas. ‘Mushrooms!’ said my uncle.”可知，文中提到出现了像伞一样的树，即高大的蘑菇，A 选项图片是高大的蘑菇，符合文意。故选 A。
2. C 解析:写作手法题。文中画线句“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas.”使用了“like”作类比。C 选项“The girl was as brave as a lion when facing problems.”使用了“as... as”结构进行类比描述。故选 C。
3. B 解析:事件排序题。根据“Axel's uncle discovered a great sea.”可知 Axel 的叔叔发现了一片海，根据“Axel guessed that the light was electric.”可知 Axel 猜测那光亮是用电的；根据“Axel and his uncle saw many mushrooms.”可知 Axel 和他叔叔看到了很多蘑菇；根据“Axel and his uncle walked on the bones.”可知 Axel 和他叔叔走在骨头上；根据“Axel slept with strange thoughts.”可知 Axel 带着奇怪的想法睡着了。所以正确顺序是④③①⑤②。故选 B。
4. D 解析:推理判断题。根据文中描述，先是看不清东西，进入洞穴后看到奇异的光、巨大的海、像伞一样的蘑菇树、地上的骨头等诸多意外景象，可知因为旅程充满了意外。故选 D。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，节选并改编自《地心游记》。“我”随叔叔深入地底，先是适应了昏暗环境，随后发现了一片地下大海，以及巨大如伞的蘑菇森林和遍地的骨骼，种种意想不到的景象令人既惊奇又紧张，最后“我”带着各样奇思进入睡眠。
1. A 解析:图示理解题。根据“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas. ‘Mushrooms!’ said my uncle.”可知，文中提到出现了像伞一样的树，即高大的蘑菇，A 选项图片是高大的蘑菇，符合文意。故选 A。
2. C 解析:写作手法题。文中画线句“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas.”使用了“like”作类比。C 选项“The girl was as brave as a lion when facing problems.”使用了“as... as”结构进行类比描述。故选 C。
3. B 解析:事件排序题。根据“Axel's uncle discovered a great sea.”可知 Axel 的叔叔发现了一片海，根据“Axel guessed that the light was electric.”可知 Axel 猜测那光亮是用电的；根据“Axel and his uncle saw many mushrooms.”可知 Axel 和他叔叔看到了很多蘑菇；根据“Axel and his uncle walked on the bones.”可知 Axel 和他叔叔走在骨头上；根据“Axel slept with strange thoughts.”可知 Axel 带着奇怪的想法睡着了。所以正确顺序是④③①⑤②。故选 B。
4. D 解析:推理判断题。根据文中描述，先是看不清东西，进入洞穴后看到奇异的光、巨大的海、像伞一样的蘑菇树、地上的骨头等诸多意外景象，可知因为旅程充满了意外。故选 D。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题：这是图示理解题，解题关键是从文中找到与图片对应的描述内容，定位到文中提到“像伞一样的树（蘑菇）”的句子，匹配选项中的图片。
2. 第2题：这是写作手法题，先分析画线句的写作手法，画线句用“like”将蘑菇比作伞，是类比手法，再逐一分析选项的写作手法，找到同样用类比的选项。
3. 第3题：这是事件排序题，需要梳理文中事件发生的先后顺序，依次提取“发现地下海、猜测光源、看到蘑菇、踩到骨头、带着想法入睡”这些关键事件，对应序号排序。
4. 第4题：这是推理判断题，要结合文中Axel遇到的各种奇异、意想不到的景象，分析他情绪多变的原因，从选项中找到最贴合的理由。
【解析】
1. 第1题：图示理解题。根据文中“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas. ‘Mushrooms!’ said my uncle.”可知，文中提到了高大如伞的蘑菇，A选项图片为高大的蘑菇，与文意相符，故选A。
2. 第2题：写作手法题。文中画线句“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas.”使用“like”进行类比描述。C选项“The girl was as brave as a lion when facing problems.”使用“as... as”结构进行类比，和画线句手法一致，故选C。
3. 第3题：事件排序题。根据文章内容，事件顺序为：④Axel的叔叔发现了一片地下大海→③Axel猜测地下的光是电光→①Axel和叔叔看到大量高大蘑菇→⑤Axel和叔叔走在遍布骨头的地面→②Axel带着奇怪的想法入睡，正确顺序是④③①⑤②，故选B。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。文中描述Axel在地心旅程中先后遇到了地下海、奇异光源、巨型蘑菇、遍地骨骼等诸多意想不到的景象，这些意外的事物让他的情绪不断变化，所以原因是旅程充满了意外，故选D。
【答案】
1-4 ACBD
【知识点】
写作手法识别、事件逻辑排序、文本推理判断
【点评】
本文改编自经典小说《地心游记》，题目采用新考法，全方位考查学生对文本细节的抓取能力、写作手法的辨别能力以及逻辑梳理能力，需要学生仔细研读文本，精准提取关键信息来解题。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：这是图示理解题，解题关键是从文中找到与图片对应的描述内容，定位到文中提到“像伞一样的树（蘑菇）”的句子，匹配选项中的图片。
2. 第2题：这是写作手法题，先分析画线句的写作手法，画线句用“like”将蘑菇比作伞，是类比手法，再逐一分析选项的写作手法，找到同样用类比的选项。
3. 第3题：这是事件排序题，需要梳理文中事件发生的先后顺序，依次提取“发现地下海、猜测光源、看到蘑菇、踩到骨头、带着想法入睡”这些关键事件，对应序号排序。
4. 第4题：这是推理判断题，要结合文中Axel遇到的各种奇异、意想不到的景象，分析他情绪多变的原因，从选项中找到最贴合的理由。
【解析】
1. 第1题：图示理解题。根据文中“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas. ‘Mushrooms!’ said my uncle.”可知，文中提到了高大如伞的蘑菇，A选项图片为高大的蘑菇，与文意相符，故选A。
2. 第2题：写作手法题。文中画线句“Soon, in front of us appeared a forest with trees like umbrellas.”使用“like”进行类比描述。C选项“The girl was as brave as a lion when facing problems.”使用“as... as”结构进行类比，和画线句手法一致，故选C。
3. 第3题：事件排序题。根据文章内容，事件顺序为：④Axel的叔叔发现了一片地下大海→③Axel猜测地下的光是电光→①Axel和叔叔看到大量高大蘑菇→⑤Axel和叔叔走在遍布骨头的地面→②Axel带着奇怪的想法入睡，正确顺序是④③①⑤②，故选B。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。文中描述Axel在地心旅程中先后遇到了地下海、奇异光源、巨型蘑菇、遍地骨骼等诸多意想不到的景象，这些意外的事物让他的情绪不断变化，所以原因是旅程充满了意外，故选D。
【答案】
1-4 ACBD
【知识点】
写作手法识别、事件逻辑排序、文本推理判断
【点评】
本文改编自经典小说《地心游记》，题目采用新考法，全方位考查学生对文本细节的抓取能力、写作手法的辨别能力以及逻辑梳理能力，需要学生仔细研读文本，精准提取关键信息来解题。
【难度系数】
0.6