五、选择合适的单词填空,完成短文。
air sleep fast need mustn't tired strong well
During the day we work and play. At night we 1.
2.
who are eight or nine years old need a ten hours' sleep every night. They can learn their lessons
4.
we sleep. If we can't get enough fresh air, we may feel 6.
when we sleep in bed we 7.
air, too. If we keep our windows open at night, we can have plenty of fresh air. Cool air is better than
warm air. If you want to be 8.
air sleep fast need mustn't tired strong well
During the day we work and play. At night we 1.
sleep
. Our bodies rest and grow2.
fast
when we sleep. Children usually 3. need
more sleep. Boys and girlswho are eight or nine years old need a ten hours' sleep every night. They can learn their lessons
4.
well
after they have a good rest. Our bodies need plenty of 5. air
whenwe sleep. If we can't get enough fresh air, we may feel 6.
tired
after we wake up. Sowhen we sleep in bed we 7.
mustn't
cover our heads. Our lungs need enough freshair, too. If we keep our windows open at night, we can have plenty of fresh air. Cool air is better than
warm air. If you want to be 8.
strong
, you must get plenty of sleep.答案：1. sleep 2. fast 3. need 4. well
5. air 6. tired 7. mustn't 8. strong
5. air 6. tired 7. mustn't 8. strong
解析：
【分析】
首先第一步先通读备选词汇，明确所有给出单词的词义和词性：air（空气，名词）、sleep（睡觉，动词/名词）、fast（快地，副词）、need（需要，动词）、mustn't（禁止，情态动词否定式）、tired（疲惫的，形容词）、strong（强壮的，形容词）、well（好地，副词）。接着通读全文，把握短文核心是介绍睡眠对身体健康的重要性，之后逐空结合上下文语境、句子的语法成分需求匹配对应单词，最后把选好的答案代入全文通读，验证语义通顺、所有单词都仅使用一次，没有剩余即可。
【解析】
1. 前文提到白天我们工作玩耍，对应夜晚的常规行为是睡觉，句子缺少谓语动词，用动词原形sleep。
2. 此处修饰动词grow（生长），需要填入副词，fast表示“快速地”，即我们睡眠时身体在休息的同时快速生长，符合逻辑。
3. 句子表达儿童的睡眠需求，主语是复数名词Children，谓语用动词原形need，意为“需要”，符合句意。
4. 此处修饰动词短语learn their lessons（学习功课），需要填入副词，well表示“好地”，指休息充分后功课能学得很好，语义通顺。
5. 根据后文出现的提示信息“enough fresh air”，可知此处指我们睡觉时身体需要充足的空气，填入名词air。
6. 句意为如果得不到足够的新鲜空气，醒来后会有不好的感受，系动词feel后接形容词tired，意为“疲惫的”，符合常识。
7. 前文提到睡眠需要充足新鲜空气，因此睡觉时不能盖住头，填入情态动词否定形式mustn't，表“不可以、严禁”，符合语境。
8. 全文介绍充足睡眠对身体的益处，此处指想要变得强壮就需要充足睡眠，be动词后接形容词strong，符合主旨。
【答案】
1. sleep 2. fast 3. need 4. well 5. air 6. tired 7. mustn't 8. strong
【知识点】
短文选词填空，词汇语义辨析，语境逻辑匹配
【点评】
本题以睡眠健康为主题，考查小学阶段核心基础词汇的语境运用能力，所有备选词都是课标要求掌握的常用词，解题时先把握全文主旨，再结合词性搭配、上下文线索就能快速推导答案，做完代入通读验证可以有效避免出错。
【难度系数】
0.8
首先第一步先通读备选词汇，明确所有给出单词的词义和词性：air（空气，名词）、sleep（睡觉，动词/名词）、fast（快地，副词）、need（需要，动词）、mustn't（禁止，情态动词否定式）、tired（疲惫的，形容词）、strong（强壮的，形容词）、well（好地，副词）。接着通读全文，把握短文核心是介绍睡眠对身体健康的重要性，之后逐空结合上下文语境、句子的语法成分需求匹配对应单词，最后把选好的答案代入全文通读，验证语义通顺、所有单词都仅使用一次，没有剩余即可。
【解析】
1. 前文提到白天我们工作玩耍，对应夜晚的常规行为是睡觉，句子缺少谓语动词，用动词原形sleep。
2. 此处修饰动词grow（生长），需要填入副词，fast表示“快速地”，即我们睡眠时身体在休息的同时快速生长，符合逻辑。
3. 句子表达儿童的睡眠需求，主语是复数名词Children，谓语用动词原形need，意为“需要”，符合句意。
4. 此处修饰动词短语learn their lessons（学习功课），需要填入副词，well表示“好地”，指休息充分后功课能学得很好，语义通顺。
5. 根据后文出现的提示信息“enough fresh air”，可知此处指我们睡觉时身体需要充足的空气，填入名词air。
6. 句意为如果得不到足够的新鲜空气，醒来后会有不好的感受，系动词feel后接形容词tired，意为“疲惫的”，符合常识。
7. 前文提到睡眠需要充足新鲜空气，因此睡觉时不能盖住头，填入情态动词否定形式mustn't，表“不可以、严禁”，符合语境。
8. 全文介绍充足睡眠对身体的益处，此处指想要变得强壮就需要充足睡眠，be动词后接形容词strong，符合主旨。
【答案】
1. sleep 2. fast 3. need 4. well 5. air 6. tired 7. mustn't 8. strong
【知识点】
短文选词填空，词汇语义辨析，语境逻辑匹配
【点评】
本题以睡眠健康为主题，考查小学阶段核心基础词汇的语境运用能力，所有备选词都是课标要求掌握的常用词，解题时先把握全文主旨，再结合词性搭配、上下文线索就能快速推导答案，做完代入通读验证可以有效避免出错。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、思维拓展 阅读短文,选择最佳答案。
There is an old saying: Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. It
means that we should go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning. By doing this,
we will be healthy. And we'll also be rich and clever. It's true. Because our bodies need to have
enough sleep to keep healthy. Children should have a ten-hour sleep every night. Those who do not
have enough sleep can't do their work very well. They may not be clever and they may not get
wealthy in the future. The body needs exercise as well. Walking, running, jumping, riding bikes and
playing games are all exercise. Exercise helps keep the body strong and fit. It also helps the blood
circulate in the body. So exercise helps people think better.
(
A. stand up early B. get up early C. go to bed early
(
A. eight hours B. nine hours C. ten hours
(
A. Exercise B. Working C. Studying
(
A. hard-working B. healthy C. helpful
(
A. Sleep B. Rest C. Exercise
There is an old saying: Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. It
means that we should go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning. By doing this,
we will be healthy. And we'll also be rich and clever. It's true. Because our bodies need to have
enough sleep to keep healthy. Children should have a ten-hour sleep every night. Those who do not
have enough sleep can't do their work very well. They may not be clever and they may not get
wealthy in the future. The body needs exercise as well. Walking, running, jumping, riding bikes and
playing games are all exercise. Exercise helps keep the body strong and fit. It also helps the blood
circulate in the body. So exercise helps people think better.
(
B
)1. "Early to rise" means that we should .A. stand up early B. get up early C. go to bed early
(
C
)2. Children should sleep for every night.A. eight hours B. nine hours C. ten hours
(
A
)3. helps keep the body strong.A. Exercise B. Working C. Studying
(
B
)4. Enough sleep can make a man , wealthy and wise.A. hard-working B. healthy C. helpful
(
C
)5. can help the blood circulate in the body.A. Sleep B. Rest C. Exercise
答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇细节类英语阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先先浏览5道题的题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，之后带着关键词回到短文中逐句定位对应的原文内容，将原文表述和选项逐一比对，就能直接选出正确答案，不需要复杂推理，所有题目的答案都能在文中找到明确依据。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二句"It means that we should go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning"，谚语"Early to bed and early to rise"里Early to bed对应早睡，那么Early to rise对应的就是早起，也就是get up early，A选项“早早站起来”不符合语义，C选项“早早睡觉”是Early to bed的含义，因此选B。
2. 定位原文"Children should have a ten-hour sleep every night"，明确说明孩子每晚需要10小时睡眠，因此选C。
3. 定位原文"Exercise helps keep the body strong and fit"，直接说明锻炼能让身体强壮健康，因此选A。
4. 定位原文开篇谚语"Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise"，充足睡眠是早睡早起的核心要求，对应表述里的healthy，因此选B。
5. 定位原文"Exercise helps keep the body strong and fit. It also helps the blood circulate in the body"，这里的It指代的就是前文的锻炼，说明锻炼可以促进体内血液循环，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
1. 阅读细节查找
2. 短文信息定位
3. 英语谚语理解
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读训练题，全部为细节理解类考点，没有设置干扰性极强的迷惑选项，所有正确答案都能在原文中找到完全对应的原句，非常适合用来锻炼学生做阅读题时回文定位信息的习惯，只要学生做题时足够细心，就能拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇细节类英语阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先先浏览5道题的题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，之后带着关键词回到短文中逐句定位对应的原文内容，将原文表述和选项逐一比对，就能直接选出正确答案，不需要复杂推理，所有题目的答案都能在文中找到明确依据。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二句"It means that we should go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning"，谚语"Early to bed and early to rise"里Early to bed对应早睡，那么Early to rise对应的就是早起，也就是get up early，A选项“早早站起来”不符合语义，C选项“早早睡觉”是Early to bed的含义，因此选B。
2. 定位原文"Children should have a ten-hour sleep every night"，明确说明孩子每晚需要10小时睡眠，因此选C。
3. 定位原文"Exercise helps keep the body strong and fit"，直接说明锻炼能让身体强壮健康，因此选A。
4. 定位原文开篇谚语"Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise"，充足睡眠是早睡早起的核心要求，对应表述里的healthy，因此选B。
5. 定位原文"Exercise helps keep the body strong and fit. It also helps the blood circulate in the body"，这里的It指代的就是前文的锻炼，说明锻炼可以促进体内血液循环，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
1. 阅读细节查找
2. 短文信息定位
3. 英语谚语理解
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读训练题，全部为细节理解类考点，没有设置干扰性极强的迷惑选项，所有正确答案都能在原文中找到完全对应的原句，非常适合用来锻炼学生做阅读题时回文定位信息的习惯，只要学生做题时足够细心，就能拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8