Ⅴ. (2025·南京秦淮区期末)阅读理解
当男孩尼尔斯两度勇斗狐狸救下鹅群,他们携手穿越汹涌海域,共克危机。这场跨越物种的情谊,书写了人与动物之间和谐相处的动人篇章。
Adventures take place not only in the real world, but also in the fantasy world. The following is one of them.
Nils hung on to Morten's neck as the tired goose(鹅) landed on a small rocky land. The other geese around were angry because they found a human among them. "Go away!" cried a young goose. "People always hurt us!"
Akka, the elder leader(首领), stopped them with a raised wing. "Remember how he saved us from that fox(狐狸) twice today?" She looked at Nils, who looked very cold in his wet clothes. "Why did you save us, boy?"
"I... I was a bad boy," Nils said in a low voice, thinking of his past unkind acts.
At this, Akka's face became soft. "Then hear this, all flock! Now he is not bad Nils, but Little Thumb—our friend!" The geese made loud sounds—some happy, some still worried—till Akka waved her wings. "Our rule: If someone saves us, he or she will become our family!"
One by one, the geese touched Nils' arm with their wings, making him feel surprisingly warm. The smallest goose even gave him a green plant—their symbol of shared meals.
Morning came with their first difficult task: crossing the open sea. "Stay low!" Akka said in the strong wind. Nils, now travelled with his goose friend Morten, learned how birds move in
such strong wind. When huge waves made them wet, he didn't cry but laughed like the young geese—making Akka smile proudly.
That evening, as the geese cleaned themselves, Nils noticed some unusual sounds in the woods. Without thinking, he made a perfect alarm-cry(警报叫声)—a sound he learned just by listening. The geese took wing right away, running away from the fox.
"You see?" Akka told the worried geese. "He has good hearing, and he learns well!" She let Nils stay under her wing like a baby goose. Above them, the Northern Lights danced—nature's celebration of their new friendship(友谊).
(To be continued)
1. What can we know about Nils?
A. He was always popular among the geese.
B. He saved the geese from a dog twice yesterday.
C. He travelled with the geese together to cross the open sea.
D. He kept quiet when he noticed unusual sounds in the woods.
2. 中考新考法 推断作者写作手法 The writer uses the punctuation mark "!" many times in the story to
A. make readers feel surprised
B. make the sentences look important
C. show several strange parts of the story
D. express the characters' strong feelings
3. 中考新考法 推断文章主旨 What is the story mainly about?
A. The difficult task of flying in strong wind and bad weather.
B. The importance of following rules and traditions in a group.
C. The dangers geese meet in the face of humans and other animals.
D. The beginning of a special friendship between a boy and some geese.
当男孩尼尔斯两度勇斗狐狸救下鹅群,他们携手穿越汹涌海域,共克危机。这场跨越物种的情谊,书写了人与动物之间和谐相处的动人篇章。
Adventures take place not only in the real world, but also in the fantasy world. The following is one of them.
Nils hung on to Morten's neck as the tired goose(鹅) landed on a small rocky land. The other geese around were angry because they found a human among them. "Go away!" cried a young goose. "People always hurt us!"
Akka, the elder leader(首领), stopped them with a raised wing. "Remember how he saved us from that fox(狐狸) twice today?" She looked at Nils, who looked very cold in his wet clothes. "Why did you save us, boy?"
"I... I was a bad boy," Nils said in a low voice, thinking of his past unkind acts.
At this, Akka's face became soft. "Then hear this, all flock! Now he is not bad Nils, but Little Thumb—our friend!" The geese made loud sounds—some happy, some still worried—till Akka waved her wings. "Our rule: If someone saves us, he or she will become our family!"
One by one, the geese touched Nils' arm with their wings, making him feel surprisingly warm. The smallest goose even gave him a green plant—their symbol of shared meals.
Morning came with their first difficult task: crossing the open sea. "Stay low!" Akka said in the strong wind. Nils, now travelled with his goose friend Morten, learned how birds move in
such strong wind. When huge waves made them wet, he didn't cry but laughed like the young geese—making Akka smile proudly.
That evening, as the geese cleaned themselves, Nils noticed some unusual sounds in the woods. Without thinking, he made a perfect alarm-cry(警报叫声)—a sound he learned just by listening. The geese took wing right away, running away from the fox.
"You see?" Akka told the worried geese. "He has good hearing, and he learns well!" She let Nils stay under her wing like a baby goose. Above them, the Northern Lights danced—nature's celebration of their new friendship(友谊).
(To be continued)
1. What can we know about Nils?
A. He was always popular among the geese.
B. He saved the geese from a dog twice yesterday.
C. He travelled with the geese together to cross the open sea.
D. He kept quiet when he noticed unusual sounds in the woods.
2. 中考新考法 推断作者写作手法 The writer uses the punctuation mark "!" many times in the story to
D
.A. make readers feel surprised
B. make the sentences look important
C. show several strange parts of the story
D. express the characters' strong feelings
3. 中考新考法 推断文章主旨 What is the story mainly about?
A. The difficult task of flying in strong wind and bad weather.
B. The importance of following rules and traditions in a group.
C. The dangers geese meet in the face of humans and other animals.
D. The beginning of a special friendship between a boy and some geese.
答案：V.[文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了男孩尼尔斯
与一群鹅之间特殊友谊的开始。尼尔斯曾两次从狐狸手中
救下鹅群,从而赢得了鹅群的信任和友谊,他们一起穿越开
阔的海域,共同面对危险,最终建立了深厚的友谊。
1.C [解析]细节理解题。根据第六段中的"Morning came
with their first difficult task: crossing the open sea. . . Nils,
now travelled with his goose friend Morten, learned how
插入语
birds move in such strong wind."可知,尼尔斯与鹅群一起
"such+adj.+不可数名词"结构
穿越开阔的海域。故选C。
2.D [解析]推理判断题。文章中多次使用感叹号,如第一
段中的"Go away!""People always hurt us!"和第四段中
的"Then hear this, all flock!"等,这些感叹号主要用于表
达角色的强烈情感,如愤怒、惊讶、命令等。故选D。
3.D [解析]主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了尼尔斯与鹅群之
间特殊友谊的开始,包括尼尔斯如何救下鹅群,鹅群如何
接纳尼尔斯,以及他们一起面对困难的过程。因此,文章
的主旨是关于一个男孩与一群鹅之间特殊友谊的开始。
故选D。
与一群鹅之间特殊友谊的开始。尼尔斯曾两次从狐狸手中
救下鹅群,从而赢得了鹅群的信任和友谊,他们一起穿越开
阔的海域,共同面对危险,最终建立了深厚的友谊。
1.C [解析]细节理解题。根据第六段中的"Morning came
with their first difficult task: crossing the open sea. . . Nils,
now travelled with his goose friend Morten, learned how
插入语
birds move in such strong wind."可知,尼尔斯与鹅群一起
"such+adj.+不可数名词"结构
穿越开阔的海域。故选C。
2.D [解析]推理判断题。文章中多次使用感叹号,如第一
段中的"Go away!""People always hurt us!"和第四段中
的"Then hear this, all flock!"等,这些感叹号主要用于表
达角色的强烈情感,如愤怒、惊讶、命令等。故选D。
3.D [解析]主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了尼尔斯与鹅群之
间特殊友谊的开始,包括尼尔斯如何救下鹅群,鹅群如何
接纳尼尔斯,以及他们一起面对困难的过程。因此,文章
的主旨是关于一个男孩与一群鹅之间特殊友谊的开始。
故选D。
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，解题思路为逐一将选项与原文信息比对：A选项与原文开头鹅群因尼尔斯是人类而愤怒的态度不符，可排除；B选项原文是尼尔斯从狐狸手中救下鹅群，并非狗，排除；C选项对应原文第六段内容，尼尔斯确实和鹅群一起穿越开阔海域，符合原文；D选项尼尔斯发现异常声音后发出了警报叫声，并非保持安静，排除。
2. 第2题是推断写作手法题，解题时结合感叹号的常见作用，再分析文中使用感叹号的语句，比如鹅群愤怒的呼喊、首领的命令等，这些感叹号都是为了凸显角色的强烈情绪，进而判断其作用。
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，需梳理文章整体脉络：尼尔斯救下鹅群后被接纳，和鹅群一同冒险，最终建立友谊，核心是男孩与鹅群特殊友谊的开端，以此确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：细节理解题。根据原文第六段“Morning came with their first difficult task: crossing the open sea... Nils, now travelled with his goose friend Morten, learned how birds move in such strong wind.”可知，尼尔斯和鹅群一起穿越开阔的海域。A选项与原文开头鹅群对尼尔斯的愤怒态度相悖；B选项原文是从狐狸手中救鹅群，并非狗；D选项尼尔斯发现异常后发出了警报叫声，并非保持安静。故选C。
2. 第2题：推理判断题。文中多次使用感叹号，如“Go away!”“People always hurt us!”“Then hear this, all flock!”等，这些语句分别体现了鹅群的愤怒、首领的命令等强烈情感，感叹号的作用是表达角色的强烈情绪。故选D。
3. 第3题：主旨大意题。文章围绕尼尔斯两次救下鹅群，被鹅群接纳为朋友，和鹅群一起穿越海域、躲避危险展开，核心是男孩尼尔斯与鹅群之间特殊友谊的开端。A选项只是文中一个情节；B选项文中未重点体现规则传统；C选项不是文章核心内容。故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. D
【知识点】
细节理解、标点作用、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇记叙文，以男孩尼尔斯与鹅群的经历为线索，考查了细节理解、推理判断和主旨归纳三类常见阅读理解题型。其中第2、3题结合中考新考法，要求学生不仅能精准查找细节，还要能分析写作手法、把握文章核心主旨，对学生的文本综合理解能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是细节理解题，解题思路为逐一将选项与原文信息比对：A选项与原文开头鹅群因尼尔斯是人类而愤怒的态度不符，可排除；B选项原文是尼尔斯从狐狸手中救下鹅群，并非狗，排除；C选项对应原文第六段内容，尼尔斯确实和鹅群一起穿越开阔海域，符合原文；D选项尼尔斯发现异常声音后发出了警报叫声，并非保持安静，排除。
2. 第2题是推断写作手法题，解题时结合感叹号的常见作用，再分析文中使用感叹号的语句，比如鹅群愤怒的呼喊、首领的命令等，这些感叹号都是为了凸显角色的强烈情绪，进而判断其作用。
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，需梳理文章整体脉络：尼尔斯救下鹅群后被接纳，和鹅群一同冒险，最终建立友谊，核心是男孩与鹅群特殊友谊的开端，以此确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：细节理解题。根据原文第六段“Morning came with their first difficult task: crossing the open sea... Nils, now travelled with his goose friend Morten, learned how birds move in such strong wind.”可知，尼尔斯和鹅群一起穿越开阔的海域。A选项与原文开头鹅群对尼尔斯的愤怒态度相悖；B选项原文是从狐狸手中救鹅群，并非狗；D选项尼尔斯发现异常后发出了警报叫声，并非保持安静。故选C。
2. 第2题：推理判断题。文中多次使用感叹号，如“Go away!”“People always hurt us!”“Then hear this, all flock!”等，这些语句分别体现了鹅群的愤怒、首领的命令等强烈情感，感叹号的作用是表达角色的强烈情绪。故选D。
3. 第3题：主旨大意题。文章围绕尼尔斯两次救下鹅群，被鹅群接纳为朋友，和鹅群一起穿越海域、躲避危险展开，核心是男孩尼尔斯与鹅群之间特殊友谊的开端。A选项只是文中一个情节；B选项文中未重点体现规则传统；C选项不是文章核心内容。故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. D
【知识点】
细节理解、标点作用、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文是一篇记叙文，以男孩尼尔斯与鹅群的经历为线索，考查了细节理解、推理判断和主旨归纳三类常见阅读理解题型。其中第2、3题结合中考新考法，要求学生不仅能精准查找细节，还要能分析写作手法、把握文章核心主旨，对学生的文本综合理解能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6