五、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the centre of Europe. It’s 1 capital city of Austria. In the 2 (eighteen) century, a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family, there were two composers 3 (call) Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss the Elder, 4 (write) and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music 5 (make) him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the Younger, was also very successful and popular.
Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano 6 also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he 7 (give) concerts in many cities. He wrote 8 (hundred) of wonderful pieces of music. But he died in 1791 9 the age of thirty - five. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great 10 (Europe) musician, and many people still think his music is perfect.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the centre of Europe. It’s 1 capital city of Austria. In the 2 (eighteen) century, a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family, there were two composers 3 (call) Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss the Elder, 4 (write) and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music 5 (make) him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the Younger, was also very successful and popular.
Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano 6 also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he 7 (give) concerts in many cities. He wrote 8 (hundred) of wonderful pieces of music. But he died in 1791 9 the age of thirty - five. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great 10 (Europe) musician, and many people still think his music is perfect.
1.
the
2.
eighteenth
3.
called
4.
wrote
5.
made
6.
but
7.
gave
8.
hundreds
9.
at
10.
European
答案：五、1. the 2. eighteenth 3. called 4. wrote 5. made 6. but 7. gave 8. hundreds 9. at 10. European
解析：
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确本文是介绍奥地利维也纳以及当地著名音乐家施特劳斯父子、莫扎特的人物介绍类短文，整体叙事以一般过去时为主。接下来逐个对应考点思考：
1. 第一空后是特指奥地利的首都，独一无二的特指名词前要使用定冠词；
2. 第二空要表达“十八世纪”，修饰century需要用序数词；
3. 第三空修饰名词composers，表达“被叫做”的被动含义，用过去分词作后置定语；
4. 第四空描述过去发生的人物事迹，要使用一般过去时，将动词write变为对应过去式；
5. 第五空同样描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，将make变为对应过去式；
6. 第六空是固定并列结构not only...but also...的固定搭配；
7. 第七空和前面并列的谓语动词took时态保持一致，用一般过去时，将give变为对应过去式；
8. 第八空是固定概数短语hundreds of，表达“成百上千的”；
9. 第九空是固定介词短语at the age of，表达“在……岁时”；
10. 第十空修饰后面的名词musician，需要把名词Europe转换为形容词作定语。
【解析】
1. 此处特指奥地利的首都，定冠词the用于修饰独一无二的特指事物，故填the；
2. 表达“第十八世纪”需要用序数词，基数词eighteen对应的序数词形式为eighteenth，故填eighteenth；
3. 此处composers和call是被动逻辑关系，意为“被叫做约翰·施特劳斯的作曲家”，用过去分词called作后置定语，故填called；
4. 本文介绍的是过去的音乐家相关事迹，整体用一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote，故填wrote；
5. 描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，make的过去式为made，故填made；
6. 固定搭配not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，是并列连词的固定结构，故填but；
7. 并列连词and前的谓语动词took是一般过去时，此处时态保持一致，give的过去式为gave，故填gave；
8. 表示概数的固定短语hundreds of意为“成百上千的”，此时hundred需要加s，故填hundreds；
9. 固定介词短语at the age of意为“在……岁时”，是固定搭配，故填at；
10. 此处修饰名词musician，需要用形容词作定语，名词Europe对应的形容词形式为European，意为“欧洲的”，故填European。
【答案】
1. the 2. eighteenth 3. called 4. wrote 5. made 6. but 7. gave 8. hundreds 9. at 10. European
【知识点】
定冠词用法
一般过去时
固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础类语法填空题，所有考点都围绕课内核心基础知识点展开，没有偏难怪的设置，大多是单元重点要求掌握的固定搭配和基础语法规则，学生只要熟练巩固课内基础内容，就可以顺利完成作答，是非常适合用来夯实基础的习题。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读全文，明确本文是介绍奥地利维也纳以及当地著名音乐家施特劳斯父子、莫扎特的人物介绍类短文，整体叙事以一般过去时为主。接下来逐个对应考点思考：
1. 第一空后是特指奥地利的首都，独一无二的特指名词前要使用定冠词；
2. 第二空要表达“十八世纪”，修饰century需要用序数词；
3. 第三空修饰名词composers，表达“被叫做”的被动含义，用过去分词作后置定语；
4. 第四空描述过去发生的人物事迹，要使用一般过去时，将动词write变为对应过去式；
5. 第五空同样描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，将make变为对应过去式；
6. 第六空是固定并列结构not only...but also...的固定搭配；
7. 第七空和前面并列的谓语动词took时态保持一致，用一般过去时，将give变为对应过去式；
8. 第八空是固定概数短语hundreds of，表达“成百上千的”；
9. 第九空是固定介词短语at the age of，表达“在……岁时”；
10. 第十空修饰后面的名词musician，需要把名词Europe转换为形容词作定语。
【解析】
1. 此处特指奥地利的首都，定冠词the用于修饰独一无二的特指事物，故填the；
2. 表达“第十八世纪”需要用序数词，基数词eighteen对应的序数词形式为eighteenth，故填eighteenth；
3. 此处composers和call是被动逻辑关系，意为“被叫做约翰·施特劳斯的作曲家”，用过去分词called作后置定语，故填called；
4. 本文介绍的是过去的音乐家相关事迹，整体用一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote，故填wrote；
5. 描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，make的过去式为made，故填made；
6. 固定搭配not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，是并列连词的固定结构，故填but；
7. 并列连词and前的谓语动词took是一般过去时，此处时态保持一致，give的过去式为gave，故填gave；
8. 表示概数的固定短语hundreds of意为“成百上千的”，此时hundred需要加s，故填hundreds；
9. 固定介词短语at the age of意为“在……岁时”，是固定搭配，故填at；
10. 此处修饰名词musician，需要用形容词作定语，名词Europe对应的形容词形式为European，意为“欧洲的”，故填European。
【答案】
1. the 2. eighteenth 3. called 4. wrote 5. made 6. but 7. gave 8. hundreds 9. at 10. European
【知识点】
定冠词用法
一般过去时
固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础类语法填空题，所有考点都围绕课内核心基础知识点展开，没有偏难怪的设置，大多是单元重点要求掌握的固定搭配和基础语法规则，学生只要熟练巩固课内基础内容，就可以顺利完成作答，是非常适合用来夯实基础的习题。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、完形填空。
Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors 2 to visit it when they are free.
When you visit Burano, you can see lots of 3 in bright colours. When you are walking here, you may think you are 4 in a fairy world. Every house is beautiful and it 5 a castle (城堡).
The people there can 6 their houses in bright colours. But all the houses must 7 a special colour pattern (式样). 8 you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting 10. For example, if your neighbour’s house is red, the government won’t 11 you to paint your house red. You have to choose a different 12.
For the local people, painting 13 houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the people there were fishermen. They painted their houses in 14 colours. So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog 15. See! Colours were useful in their life.
(
B. in
C. with
D. of
(
B. choose
C. hate
D. mind
(
B. countries
C. houses
D. villages
(
B. climbing
C. jumping
D. falling
(
B. looks up
C. looks after
D. looks like
(
B. wash
C. paint
D. build
(
B. follow
C. forget
D. point
(
B. Before
C. While
D. Until
(
B. speak
C. tell
D. talk
(
B. rules
C. prizes
D. meanings
(
B. drive
C. make
D. think
(
B. colour
C. shape
D. kind
(
B. his
C. her
D. their
(
B. heavy
C. bright
D. light
(
B. loudly
C. clearly
D. quietly
Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors 2 to visit it when they are free.
When you visit Burano, you can see lots of 3 in bright colours. When you are walking here, you may think you are 4 in a fairy world. Every house is beautiful and it 5 a castle (城堡).
The people there can 6 their houses in bright colours. But all the houses must 7 a special colour pattern (式样). 8 you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting 10. For example, if your neighbour’s house is red, the government won’t 11 you to paint your house red. You have to choose a different 12.
For the local people, painting 13 houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the people there were fishermen. They painted their houses in 14 colours. So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog 15. See! Colours were useful in their life.
(
C
)1. A. betweenB. in
C. with
D. of
(
B
)2. A. actB. choose
C. hate
D. mind
(
C
)3. A. citiesB. countries
C. houses
D. villages
(
A
)4. A. walkingB. climbing
C. jumping
D. falling
(
D
)5. A. looks aroundB. looks up
C. looks after
D. looks like
(
C
)6. A. cleanB. wash
C. paint
D. build
(
B
)7. A. loseB. follow
C. forget
D. point
(
B
)8. A. AfterB. Before
C. While
D. Until
(
C
)9. A. sayB. speak
C. tell
D. talk
(
B
)10. A. lessonsB. rules
C. prizes
D. meanings
(
A
)11. A. allowB. drive
C. make
D. think
(
B
)12. A. sizeB. colour
C. shape
D. kind
(
D
)13. A. ourB. his
C. her
D. their
(
C
)14. A. darkB. heavy
C. bright
D. light
(
C
)15. A. hardlyB. loudly
C. clearly
D. quietly
答案：六、1. C 【点拨】根据“It is popular 1 visitors from all over the world.”可知，此处为固定短语 be popular with“受……欢迎”，应用介词 with。故选 C。
2. B 【点拨】根据“Lots of visitors 2 to visit it”可知，是有空的时候选择去布拉诺（Burano）参观。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据下文“Every house is beautiful”可知，此处指的是房子。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据上句“When you are walking here”可知，此处指像在童话世界里漫步。故选 A。
5. D 【点拨】根据“Every house is beautiful and it 5 a castle(城堡).”可知，此处为房子看起来像城堡。故选 D。
6. C 【点拨】根据“... their houses in bright colours”可知，此处指给房子涂颜色。故选 C。
7. B 【点拨】根据“... you must ask the government first. The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use.”可知，要遵从一种政府允许的特殊的颜色模式。故选 B。
8. B 【点拨】根据“8 you paint your house, you must ask the government first.”可知，是在给房子上色之前得先问政府。故选 B。
9. C 【点拨】根据“The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use.”可知，此处为固定短语 tell sb sth“告诉某人某事”。故选 C。
10. B 【点拨】根据下文可知，如果邻居的房子刷了红色，政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色，此处指得遵从一些规则。故选 B。
11. A 【点拨】根据“You have to choose a different 12.”可知，此处指如果邻居的房子刷了红色，政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色。故选 A。
12. B 【点拨】根据“You have to choose a different 12.”及上文可知，当不允许你的房子刷红色时，你得选择另一种颜色。故选 B。
13. D 【点拨】根据“For the local people”可知，是刷他们的房子。故选 D。
14. C 【点拨】根据“So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog”以及前文有多次提及 bright colour，所以此处指刷成明亮的颜色。故选 C。
15. C 【点拨】根据语境可知，刷成明亮的颜色是为了在雾中可以清晰地看到他们的房子。故选 C。
2. B 【点拨】根据“Lots of visitors 2 to visit it”可知，是有空的时候选择去布拉诺（Burano）参观。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据下文“Every house is beautiful”可知，此处指的是房子。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据上句“When you are walking here”可知，此处指像在童话世界里漫步。故选 A。
5. D 【点拨】根据“Every house is beautiful and it 5 a castle(城堡).”可知，此处为房子看起来像城堡。故选 D。
6. C 【点拨】根据“... their houses in bright colours”可知，此处指给房子涂颜色。故选 C。
7. B 【点拨】根据“... you must ask the government first. The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use.”可知，要遵从一种政府允许的特殊的颜色模式。故选 B。
8. B 【点拨】根据“8 you paint your house, you must ask the government first.”可知，是在给房子上色之前得先问政府。故选 B。
9. C 【点拨】根据“The government will 9 you the certain colour that you can use.”可知，此处为固定短语 tell sb sth“告诉某人某事”。故选 C。
10. B 【点拨】根据下文可知，如果邻居的房子刷了红色，政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色，此处指得遵从一些规则。故选 B。
11. A 【点拨】根据“You have to choose a different 12.”可知，此处指如果邻居的房子刷了红色，政府就不会允许你的房子刷红色。故选 A。
12. B 【点拨】根据“You have to choose a different 12.”及上文可知，当不允许你的房子刷红色时，你得选择另一种颜色。故选 B。
13. D 【点拨】根据“For the local people”可知，是刷他们的房子。故选 D。
14. C 【点拨】根据“So the fishermen could see their houses in the fog”以及前文有多次提及 bright colour，所以此处指刷成明亮的颜色。故选 C。
15. C 【点拨】根据语境可知，刷成明亮的颜色是为了在雾中可以清晰地看到他们的房子。故选 C。
解析：
【分析】
做完形填空首先要通读全文，明确本文是介绍意大利彩色特色岛屿布拉诺的文章，内容涵盖岛上鲜亮色彩的房屋、房屋涂色的相关管理规则，以及当地把房屋涂成亮色的历史由来。解题时优先结合固定搭配判断对应选项，其余题目都要联系上下文给出的线索，逐一辨析选项词义，排除不符合语境的内容，就能顺理成章选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配，be popular with是固定短语，意为“受……欢迎”，句意为它受到来自世界各地游客的欢迎，选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析，act意为行动，choose意为选择，hate意为讨厌，mind意为介意，结合语境很多游客有空的时候会选择来这里参观，选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析，后文明确提到“Every house is beautiful”，对应此处能看到很多涂成亮色的房子，选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析，前一句提到“When you are walking here”，对应此处你可能会觉得自己正漫步在童话世界里，选A。
5. 考查动词短语辨析，look around意为环顾四周，look up意为查阅/向上看，look after意为照顾，look like意为看起来像，句意为每栋房子都很美，看起来像一座城堡，选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析，clean意为打扫，wash意为清洗，paint意为刷漆、涂色，build意为建造，结合后文“their houses in bright colours”，可知是给房子涂上鲜亮的颜色，选C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析，lose意为丢失，follow意为遵守、跟随，forget意为忘记，point意为指向，结合后文要先征得政府同意才能涂色的规则，可知所有房子都必须遵守特殊的颜色式样规定，选B。
8. 考查连词辨析，after意为在……之后，before意为在……之前，while意为当……时，until意为直到，句意为你给房子刷漆之前，必须先询问政府，选B。
9. 考查动词词义辨析，say后接说话的具体内容，speak后常接语言，tell意为告诉，talk意为交谈，此处是固定搭配tell sb. sth. 表示告诉某人某事，即政府会告诉你你可以使用的特定颜色，选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析，lesson意为课程，rule意为规则，prize意为奖品，meaning意为意义，后文介绍了涂色的相关要求，可知此处是说还有一些其他有趣的规则，选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析，allow意为允许，drive意为驾驶，make意为使、让，think意为认为，结合语境如果邻居家房子是红色，政府不会允许你把房子刷成红色，选A。
12. 考查名词词义辨析，size意为尺寸，colour意为颜色，shape意为形状，kind意为种类，前文说明不能刷红色，所以你必须选一个不同的颜色，选B。
13. 考查代词词义辨析，our意为我们的，his意为他的，her意为她的，their意为他们的，指代的主语是local people当地人，对应是刷他们的房子，选D。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析，dark意为昏暗的，heavy意为重的，bright意为鲜亮的，light意为轻的，前文多次提到bright colours，结合历史上当地多是渔民，他们把房子涂成鲜亮的颜色，选C。
15. 考查副词词义辨析，hardly意为几乎不，loudly意为大声地，clearly意为清晰地，quietly意为安静地，句意为这样渔民在雾里也能清晰地看到自己的房子，选C。
【答案】
1-5 CBCAD 6-10 CBBCB 11-15 ABDCC
【知识点】
固定搭配辨析，语境词义推理，动词短语辨析
【点评】
这是一篇介绍异域特色文化的记叙文类完形填空，话题趣味性强，大部分题目都能通过上下文给出的明确线索推导得出，侧重考察初中阶段核心基础词汇和常用固定短语的掌握，提醒学生做完形填空切忌孤立看单句，要前后关联寻找提示信息。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要通读全文，明确本文是介绍意大利彩色特色岛屿布拉诺的文章，内容涵盖岛上鲜亮色彩的房屋、房屋涂色的相关管理规则，以及当地把房屋涂成亮色的历史由来。解题时优先结合固定搭配判断对应选项，其余题目都要联系上下文给出的线索，逐一辨析选项词义，排除不符合语境的内容，就能顺理成章选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配，be popular with是固定短语，意为“受……欢迎”，句意为它受到来自世界各地游客的欢迎，选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析，act意为行动，choose意为选择，hate意为讨厌，mind意为介意，结合语境很多游客有空的时候会选择来这里参观，选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析，后文明确提到“Every house is beautiful”，对应此处能看到很多涂成亮色的房子，选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析，前一句提到“When you are walking here”，对应此处你可能会觉得自己正漫步在童话世界里，选A。
5. 考查动词短语辨析，look around意为环顾四周，look up意为查阅/向上看，look after意为照顾，look like意为看起来像，句意为每栋房子都很美，看起来像一座城堡，选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析，clean意为打扫，wash意为清洗，paint意为刷漆、涂色，build意为建造，结合后文“their houses in bright colours”，可知是给房子涂上鲜亮的颜色，选C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析，lose意为丢失，follow意为遵守、跟随，forget意为忘记，point意为指向，结合后文要先征得政府同意才能涂色的规则，可知所有房子都必须遵守特殊的颜色式样规定，选B。
8. 考查连词辨析，after意为在……之后，before意为在……之前，while意为当……时，until意为直到，句意为你给房子刷漆之前，必须先询问政府，选B。
9. 考查动词词义辨析，say后接说话的具体内容，speak后常接语言，tell意为告诉，talk意为交谈，此处是固定搭配tell sb. sth. 表示告诉某人某事，即政府会告诉你你可以使用的特定颜色，选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析，lesson意为课程，rule意为规则，prize意为奖品，meaning意为意义，后文介绍了涂色的相关要求，可知此处是说还有一些其他有趣的规则，选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析，allow意为允许，drive意为驾驶，make意为使、让，think意为认为，结合语境如果邻居家房子是红色，政府不会允许你把房子刷成红色，选A。
12. 考查名词词义辨析，size意为尺寸，colour意为颜色，shape意为形状，kind意为种类，前文说明不能刷红色，所以你必须选一个不同的颜色，选B。
13. 考查代词词义辨析，our意为我们的，his意为他的，her意为她的，their意为他们的，指代的主语是local people当地人，对应是刷他们的房子，选D。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析，dark意为昏暗的，heavy意为重的，bright意为鲜亮的，light意为轻的，前文多次提到bright colours，结合历史上当地多是渔民，他们把房子涂成鲜亮的颜色，选C。
15. 考查副词词义辨析，hardly意为几乎不，loudly意为大声地，clearly意为清晰地，quietly意为安静地，句意为这样渔民在雾里也能清晰地看到自己的房子，选C。
【答案】
1-5 CBCAD 6-10 CBBCB 11-15 ABDCC
【知识点】
固定搭配辨析，语境词义推理，动词短语辨析
【点评】
这是一篇介绍异域特色文化的记叙文类完形填空，话题趣味性强，大部分题目都能通过上下文给出的明确线索推导得出，侧重考察初中阶段核心基础词汇和常用固定短语的掌握，提醒学生做完形填空切忌孤立看单句，要前后关联寻找提示信息。
【难度系数】
0.7