五、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Children often ask for money from their parents. But in the US, some students work as babysitters(临时保姆) to get money. Noa Mintz 1 (have) her babysitting shop.
About three years ago, Mintz worked 2 some time as a babysitter. She found that there was no good way for 3 (family) to find babysitters. So she wanted to do something about it. Mintz started Nannies by Noa during 4 (she) summer vacation. It helps employers(雇主) and babysitters to find each other 5 (quick).
At first, Mintz 6 (help) to write down the names of her friends and classmates who wanted to babysit(当临时保姆). Later, Nannies by Noa 7 (become) a big shop. It now has 25 full-time nannies(全职保姆) and 50 babysitters.
When 8 (talk) about her work, she feels proud(自豪的). She knows it's just 9 start. "It's good to see that I give people jobs. It's great to see 10 I can do," said Mintz.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Children often ask for money from their parents. But in the US, some students work as babysitters(临时保姆) to get money. Noa Mintz 1 (have) her babysitting shop.
About three years ago, Mintz worked 2 some time as a babysitter. She found that there was no good way for 3 (family) to find babysitters. So she wanted to do something about it. Mintz started Nannies by Noa during 4 (she) summer vacation. It helps employers(雇主) and babysitters to find each other 5 (quick).
At first, Mintz 6 (help) to write down the names of her friends and classmates who wanted to babysit(当临时保姆). Later, Nannies by Noa 7 (become) a big shop. It now has 25 full-time nannies(全职保姆) and 50 babysitters.
When 8 (talk) about her work, she feels proud(自豪的). She knows it's just 9 start. "It's good to see that I give people jobs. It's great to see 10 I can do," said Mintz.
1.
has
2.
for
3.
families
4.
her
5.
quickly
6.
helped
7.
became
8.
talking
9.
a
10.
what
答案：五、1. has 2. for 3. families 4. her 5. quickly 6. helped 7. became 8. talking 9. a 10. what
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇初中英语语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，梳理文章整体叙事的时间线，明确大部分叙事内容为过去发生的事件，仅部分客观现状描述用一般现在时。之后逐个分析空格：先判断空格在句中充当的成分，结合考点类型（谓语动词变形、介词搭配、词性转换、非谓语、冠词、从句引导词等），再匹配上下文语义确定最终答案，避免出现形式误用的问题。
【解析】
1. 空1：主语Noa Mintz是第三人称单数，此处表述当下的客观事实“拥有自己的保姆店”，用一般现在时，have变形为has。
2. 空2：固定搭配work for + 时间段，表示“从事某工作持续一段时间”，此处填介词for。
3. 空3：句意指代所有需要找保姆的家庭，不是单个家庭，要用family的复数形式families。
4. 空4：空格后接名词短语summer vacation，需要形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，she对应的形容词性物主代词是her。
5. 空5：空格修饰动词短语find each other，需要用副词作状语，quick的副词形式是quickly。
6. 空6：At first（起初）指代过去发生的动作，句子用一般过去时，help的过去式是helped。
7. 空7：语境描述品牌后续发展成大型门店，是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，become的过去式是became。
8. 空8：此处是时间状语从句的省略，完整结构为When she is talking about her work，省略主语和be动词后，填现在分词talking。
9. 空9：此处start是可数名词，意为“开端”，表示“仅仅是一个开端”，表泛指用不定冠词a。
10. 空10：此处是宾语从句，作动词see的宾语，从句中do缺少宾语，指代“我能做的事”，用引导词what。
【答案】
1. has 2. for 3. families 4. her 5. quickly 6. helped 7. became 8. talking 9. a 10. what
【知识点】
动词时态变形，词性转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题考点覆盖初中英语核心词法句法考点，难度梯度平缓，既考查了学生对基础时态、介词搭配的掌握程度，也涉及非谓语省略、宾语从句引导词等稍进阶的知识点，能够有效检验学生的语法综合运用能力，解题时先通读全文把握叙事时间线可以大幅降低出错概率。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇初中英语语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，梳理文章整体叙事的时间线，明确大部分叙事内容为过去发生的事件，仅部分客观现状描述用一般现在时。之后逐个分析空格：先判断空格在句中充当的成分，结合考点类型（谓语动词变形、介词搭配、词性转换、非谓语、冠词、从句引导词等），再匹配上下文语义确定最终答案，避免出现形式误用的问题。
【解析】
1. 空1：主语Noa Mintz是第三人称单数，此处表述当下的客观事实“拥有自己的保姆店”，用一般现在时，have变形为has。
2. 空2：固定搭配work for + 时间段，表示“从事某工作持续一段时间”，此处填介词for。
3. 空3：句意指代所有需要找保姆的家庭，不是单个家庭，要用family的复数形式families。
4. 空4：空格后接名词短语summer vacation，需要形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，she对应的形容词性物主代词是her。
5. 空5：空格修饰动词短语find each other，需要用副词作状语，quick的副词形式是quickly。
6. 空6：At first（起初）指代过去发生的动作，句子用一般过去时，help的过去式是helped。
7. 空7：语境描述品牌后续发展成大型门店，是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，become的过去式是became。
8. 空8：此处是时间状语从句的省略，完整结构为When she is talking about her work，省略主语和be动词后，填现在分词talking。
9. 空9：此处start是可数名词，意为“开端”，表示“仅仅是一个开端”，表泛指用不定冠词a。
10. 空10：此处是宾语从句，作动词see的宾语，从句中do缺少宾语，指代“我能做的事”，用引导词what。
【答案】
1. has 2. for 3. families 4. her 5. quickly 6. helped 7. became 8. talking 9. a 10. what
【知识点】
动词时态变形，词性转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题考点覆盖初中英语核心词法句法考点，难度梯度平缓，既考查了学生对基础时态、介词搭配的掌握程度，也涉及非谓语省略、宾语从句引导词等稍进阶的知识点，能够有效检验学生的语法综合运用能力，解题时先通读全文把握叙事时间线可以大幅降低出错概率。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、阅读理解。
The four travellers see a beautiful green light in the sky in front of them.
"That's the Emerald(翡翠) City," Dorothy says. "Come on! It isn't far now." Soon they come to a big green wall. There's a gate in it. It's shining in the afternoon sun. Dorothy looks at it carefully. It's made of emeralds! She knocks on the gate. The gate opens and they all go inside. A little man in green clothes is standing there with a big box.
"What do you want in the Emerald City?" he says. "We want to see the Great Oz," Dorothy answers. "It's important," the Scarecrow says.
"I am the Keeper of the Gate," the little man in green says. "I can take you to his palace. But before you go there, you must put on these glasses." He takes five pairs of glasses out of the box. The glass in the glasses is emerald green.
"Why?" Dorothy asks.
"Everyone in the Emerald City wears them," the Keeper of the Gate says.
They put on the glasses. Then the Keeper of the Gate takes out a big gold key and opens another gate. Dorothy is surprised. Everything is green, the houses and the streets. The sky is also green. Children are buying green juice with green money. Men in green clothes are driving green cars along the green streets. Everybody is smiling.
The Keeper of the Gate takes them to a big building in the middle of the city. Oz cannot see them today, so they must stay in the palace for a few days.
A young girl takes them to their rooms. These rooms are beautiful and comfortable. They feel very tired now...
—Taken from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
(
A. The sun.
B. The box.
C. The gate.
D. The city.
(
A. Because they want to see Oz.
B. Because they want to buy juice.
C. Because they want to drive a car.
D. Because they want to wear glasses.
(
A. They will see Oz.
B. They will go to sleep.
C. They will go back to their homes.
D. They will have the Emerald City.
The four travellers see a beautiful green light in the sky in front of them.
"That's the Emerald(翡翠) City," Dorothy says. "Come on! It isn't far now." Soon they come to a big green wall. There's a gate in it. It's shining in the afternoon sun. Dorothy looks at it carefully. It's made of emeralds! She knocks on the gate. The gate opens and they all go inside. A little man in green clothes is standing there with a big box.
"What do you want in the Emerald City?" he says. "We want to see the Great Oz," Dorothy answers. "It's important," the Scarecrow says.
"I am the Keeper of the Gate," the little man in green says. "I can take you to his palace. But before you go there, you must put on these glasses." He takes five pairs of glasses out of the box. The glass in the glasses is emerald green.
"Why?" Dorothy asks.
"Everyone in the Emerald City wears them," the Keeper of the Gate says.
They put on the glasses. Then the Keeper of the Gate takes out a big gold key and opens another gate. Dorothy is surprised. Everything is green, the houses and the streets. The sky is also green. Children are buying green juice with green money. Men in green clothes are driving green cars along the green streets. Everybody is smiling.
The Keeper of the Gate takes them to a big building in the middle of the city. Oz cannot see them today, so they must stay in the palace for a few days.
A young girl takes them to their rooms. These rooms are beautiful and comfortable. They feel very tired now...
—Taken from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
(
C
)1. What does the underlined "it" in Paragraph 2 mean?A. The sun.
B. The box.
C. The gate.
D. The city.
(
A
)2. Why do Dorothy and her friends go to the Emerald City?A. Because they want to see Oz.
B. Because they want to buy juice.
C. Because they want to drive a car.
D. Because they want to wear glasses.
(
B
)3. What will probably happen to Dorothy and her friends next that day?A. They will see Oz.
B. They will go to sleep.
C. They will go back to their homes.
D. They will have the Emerald City.
答案：六、1. C 【点拨】根据“There's a gate in it. It's shining in the afternoon sun. Dorothy looks at it carefully. It's made of emeralds!”可知，此处的 it 代指“大门”。故选 C。
2. A 【点拨】根据“We want to see the Great Oz”可知选 A。
3. B 【点拨】根据“These rooms are beautiful and comfortable. They feel very tired now...”可知，接下来他们可能会去睡觉。故选 B。
2. A 【点拨】根据“We want to see the Great Oz”可知选 A。
3. B 【点拨】根据“These rooms are beautiful and comfortable. They feel very tired now...”可知，接下来他们可能会去睡觉。故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇节选自《绿野仙踪》的阅读理解题，三道题分别对应代词指代、细节信息查找、逻辑推理三类常见阅读题型：
1. 做第一题代词指代题时，要遵循“就近指代”原则，回到划线it的前文，找距离it最近、符合“由翡翠制成”描述的单数事物，逐一比对前文出现的名词就能锁定答案；
2. 第二题是细节理解题，直接带着题干的“去翡翠城的目的”这个关键词，定位到多萝西和守门人的对话部分，就能直接找到对应的原文依据；
3. 第三题是推理判断题，要严格依托文章结尾给出的线索，排除和原文信息矛盾、完全无依据的选项，选出逻辑最通顺的后续情节。
【解析】
1. 第一题：定位第二段上下文，前文提到墙上有一扇门，门在午后阳光下闪闪发光，多萝西仔细打量它，发现它是用翡翠制成的，因此it指代的是前面提到的gate（大门），对应选项C，其余选项太阳、盒子、城市都不符合“由翡翠制成”的描述，排除。
2. 第二题：根据原文多萝西回答守门人问题的原话“We want to see the Great Oz”，可知他们来翡翠城的目的是见伟大的奥兹，对应选项A，买果汁、开车、戴眼镜都不是他们此行的目的，排除BCD。
3. 第三题：原文明确说明奥兹当天不会见他们，且结尾提到他们的房间漂亮舒适，现在感觉非常累，因此最可能发生的事是他们去睡觉，对应选项B；A选项和原文“Oz cannot see them today”矛盾，C、D选项的内容文中完全没有提及，没有依据，排除。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B
【知识点】
代词指代判断，阅读细节定位，文本逻辑推理
【点评】
本题选取经典童话片段作为阅读素材，内容趣味性强，题目设置难度偏低，主要考察学生基础的信息查找和理解能力，提醒学生做阅读题时所有判断都要从原文找对应依据，不要脱离文本主观猜测，尤其是推理类题目要贴合给定线索推导。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇节选自《绿野仙踪》的阅读理解题，三道题分别对应代词指代、细节信息查找、逻辑推理三类常见阅读题型：
1. 做第一题代词指代题时，要遵循“就近指代”原则，回到划线it的前文，找距离it最近、符合“由翡翠制成”描述的单数事物，逐一比对前文出现的名词就能锁定答案；
2. 第二题是细节理解题，直接带着题干的“去翡翠城的目的”这个关键词，定位到多萝西和守门人的对话部分，就能直接找到对应的原文依据；
3. 第三题是推理判断题，要严格依托文章结尾给出的线索，排除和原文信息矛盾、完全无依据的选项，选出逻辑最通顺的后续情节。
【解析】
1. 第一题：定位第二段上下文，前文提到墙上有一扇门，门在午后阳光下闪闪发光，多萝西仔细打量它，发现它是用翡翠制成的，因此it指代的是前面提到的gate（大门），对应选项C，其余选项太阳、盒子、城市都不符合“由翡翠制成”的描述，排除。
2. 第二题：根据原文多萝西回答守门人问题的原话“We want to see the Great Oz”，可知他们来翡翠城的目的是见伟大的奥兹，对应选项A，买果汁、开车、戴眼镜都不是他们此行的目的，排除BCD。
3. 第三题：原文明确说明奥兹当天不会见他们，且结尾提到他们的房间漂亮舒适，现在感觉非常累，因此最可能发生的事是他们去睡觉，对应选项B；A选项和原文“Oz cannot see them today”矛盾，C、D选项的内容文中完全没有提及，没有依据，排除。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B
【知识点】
代词指代判断，阅读细节定位，文本逻辑推理
【点评】
本题选取经典童话片段作为阅读素材，内容趣味性强，题目设置难度偏低，主要考察学生基础的信息查找和理解能力，提醒学生做阅读题时所有判断都要从原文找对应依据，不要脱离文本主观猜测，尤其是推理类题目要贴合给定线索推导。
【难度系数】
0.8