五、根据课文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
I have a clever dog. I often take
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I have a clever dog. I often take
him
(he) for a walk, play outside and
give him good food. He doesn't just run after a
ball. He likes to collect sticks
(stick). He doesn't like fights
(fight). He often stays with me. I'll look after him till the end. If a person says
(say) he or she lives a dog's
(dog) life, he or she may not have a happy life. My cat is also friendly. She can jump really
(real) high into the sky. She loves to climb the tree, and never forgets to come
(come) back to me. When I am lonely, she is always by
my side.1.
him
2.
and
3.
a
4.
sticks
5.
fights
6.
says
7.
dog's
8.
really
9.
to come
10.
by
答案：五、1. him 2. and 3. a 4. sticks 5. fights 6. says 7. dog's 8. really 9. to come 10. by
解析：
【分析】
做这类短文语法填空时，首先先通读全文，理清短文是介绍自家宠物狗和猫的日常的叙事语境，之后逐个结合句子结构、语法规则和固定搭配推导答案：首先第一空在动词take后面，需要用人称代词宾格作宾语；第二空前后是几个并列的动作，要选并列连词表顺承；第三空后面是可数名词单数ball，表泛指要加不定冠词；第四空表示收集树枝，要用可数名词复数表一类事物；第五空表示不喜欢打斗，用名词复数表泛指；第六空主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词要变形；第七空修饰名词life要用名词所有格，对应固定习语；第八空修饰形容词high要把形容词变为副词；第九空符合forget的固定搭配用法，用不定式；第十空是固定介词短语表“在身边”，填入对应介词即可。
【解析】
1. 动词后接人称代词作宾语时必须使用宾格形式，take是及物动词，后面要接he的宾格him，故填him。
2. 空前的play outside和空后的give him good food，和前面的take him for a walk是三个并列顺承的动作，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
3. 空后是可数名词单数ball，此处表示泛指“一个球”，ball以辅音音素开头，搭配不定冠词a，故填a。
4. 此处表达收集树枝，泛指多根树枝，可数名词stick要变为复数形式sticks，故填sticks。
5. 此处表示狗狗不喜欢打斗，fight作名词表“打斗”时，用复数fights泛指这类行为，故填fights。
6. 主语a person是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词say要变为第三人称单数形式says，故填says。
7. 此处修饰名词life，需要用名词所有格，a dog's life是常用固定习语，意为“悲惨的生活”，故填dog's。
8. 此处要修饰形容词high，修饰形容词必须使用副词，形容词real要变为副词really，故填really。
9. 固定搭配forget to do sth意为“忘记要去做某事”，符合语境“猫爬树后不会忘记回到我身边”，故填to come。
10. 固定搭配by one's side意为“在某人身边”，符合语境“我孤独时它总在我身旁”，故填by。
【答案】
1. him 2. and 3. a 4. sticks 5. fights 6. says 7. dog's 8. really 9. to come 10. by
【知识点】
词性转换，固定搭配，基础句法
【点评】
本题属于基础级别的英语语法填空题，考点覆盖初中入门阶段的全部核心基础词法规则，结合贴近生活的宠物主题语境设置题目，没有偏题怪题，学生只要掌握各类词性的基本变形规则、熟记常见固定短语搭配，结合句子逻辑关系判断就可以顺利完成，适合用来巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类短文语法填空时，首先先通读全文，理清短文是介绍自家宠物狗和猫的日常的叙事语境，之后逐个结合句子结构、语法规则和固定搭配推导答案：首先第一空在动词take后面，需要用人称代词宾格作宾语；第二空前后是几个并列的动作，要选并列连词表顺承；第三空后面是可数名词单数ball，表泛指要加不定冠词；第四空表示收集树枝，要用可数名词复数表一类事物；第五空表示不喜欢打斗，用名词复数表泛指；第六空主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词要变形；第七空修饰名词life要用名词所有格，对应固定习语；第八空修饰形容词high要把形容词变为副词；第九空符合forget的固定搭配用法，用不定式；第十空是固定介词短语表“在身边”，填入对应介词即可。
【解析】
1. 动词后接人称代词作宾语时必须使用宾格形式，take是及物动词，后面要接he的宾格him，故填him。
2. 空前的play outside和空后的give him good food，和前面的take him for a walk是三个并列顺承的动作，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
3. 空后是可数名词单数ball，此处表示泛指“一个球”，ball以辅音音素开头，搭配不定冠词a，故填a。
4. 此处表达收集树枝，泛指多根树枝，可数名词stick要变为复数形式sticks，故填sticks。
5. 此处表示狗狗不喜欢打斗，fight作名词表“打斗”时，用复数fights泛指这类行为，故填fights。
6. 主语a person是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词say要变为第三人称单数形式says，故填says。
7. 此处修饰名词life，需要用名词所有格，a dog's life是常用固定习语，意为“悲惨的生活”，故填dog's。
8. 此处要修饰形容词high，修饰形容词必须使用副词，形容词real要变为副词really，故填really。
9. 固定搭配forget to do sth意为“忘记要去做某事”，符合语境“猫爬树后不会忘记回到我身边”，故填to come。
10. 固定搭配by one's side意为“在某人身边”，符合语境“我孤独时它总在我身旁”，故填by。
【答案】
1. him 2. and 3. a 4. sticks 5. fights 6. says 7. dog's 8. really 9. to come 10. by
【知识点】
词性转换，固定搭配，基础句法
【点评】
本题属于基础级别的英语语法填空题，考点覆盖初中入门阶段的全部核心基础词法规则，结合贴近生活的宠物主题语境设置题目，没有偏题怪题，学生只要掌握各类词性的基本变形规则、熟记常见固定短语搭配，结合句子逻辑关系判断就可以顺利完成，适合用来巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、阅读理解。(2025·江苏扬州调研)
Man's best friend: the loyal dog
Dogs, who have been our friends for thousands of years, are more than just pets—they're family. With their wagging tails and warm eyes, these loyal animals can understand human emotions better than many people think. They could once work as hunters or guards, but today, they often become companions that bring joy to our lives.
In cities, you may see homeless dogs wandering the streets. Sadly, some humans forget their responsibility to look after these animals. Thankfully, many kind people work to save them. Animal shelters allow volunteers to feed and care for sick or lonely dogs. With proper training, even scared dogs can become confident and friendly.
Dogs' amazing abilities make them true heroes. Some can smell diseases in humans, while others help blind people walk safely. Police dogs could find missing persons or detect danger. Their bravery and intelligence remind us why they deserve our respect.
If you want to adopt a dog, remember: they need daily walks, healthy food, and lots of love. A happy dog's playful energy will fill your home with laughter. Let's promise never to forget that saving animals is also saving kindness in our world.
(
A. Play with children daily.
B. Work as hunters or guards.
C. Detect diseases in humans.
D. Guide blind people safely.
(
A. Train police dogs for danger detection.
B. Adopt all homeless dogs immediately.
C. Feed and care for sick dogs.
D. Build new homes for stray dogs.
(
A. Smell flowers in gardens.
B. Find missing persons.
C. Bring joy to families.
D. Cook healthy meals.
(
A. Expensive toys and fancy clothes.
B. Daily walks and healthy food.
C. Being left alone at home.
D. Weekly visits to pet salons.
Man's best friend: the loyal dog
Dogs, who have been our friends for thousands of years, are more than just pets—they're family. With their wagging tails and warm eyes, these loyal animals can understand human emotions better than many people think. They could once work as hunters or guards, but today, they often become companions that bring joy to our lives.
In cities, you may see homeless dogs wandering the streets. Sadly, some humans forget their responsibility to look after these animals. Thankfully, many kind people work to save them. Animal shelters allow volunteers to feed and care for sick or lonely dogs. With proper training, even scared dogs can become confident and friendly.
Dogs' amazing abilities make them true heroes. Some can smell diseases in humans, while others help blind people walk safely. Police dogs could find missing persons or detect danger. Their bravery and intelligence remind us why they deserve our respect.
If you want to adopt a dog, remember: they need daily walks, healthy food, and lots of love. A happy dog's playful energy will fill your home with laughter. Let's promise never to forget that saving animals is also saving kindness in our world.
(
B
)1. What could dogs do in the past according to the text?A. Play with children daily.
B. Work as hunters or guards.
C. Detect diseases in humans.
D. Guide blind people safely.
(
C
)2. What do animal shelters allow volunteers to do?A. Train police dogs for danger detection.
B. Adopt all homeless dogs immediately.
C. Feed and care for sick dogs.
D. Build new homes for stray dogs.
(
B
)3. What special ability do police dogs have?A. Smell flowers in gardens.
B. Find missing persons.
C. Bring joy to families.
D. Cook healthy meals.
(
B
)4. What do dogs need most when being adopted?A. Expensive toys and fancy clothes.
B. Daily walks and healthy food.
C. Being left alone at home.
D. Weekly visits to pet salons.
答案：六、1. B 【点拨】根据“They could once work as hunters or guards...”可知，狗过去曾担任狩猎或守卫。故选B。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Animal shelters allow volunteers to feed and care for sick or lonely dogs.”可知，收容所允许志愿者喂养和照料生病的狗。故选C。
3. B 【点拨】根据“Police dogs could find missing persons or detect danger.”可知，警犬可以找到失踪的人或发现危险。故选B。
4. B 【点拨】根据“If you want to adopt a dog, remember: they need daily walks, healthy food, and lots of love.”可知，狗狗需要每天散步、健康的食物和大量的爱。故选B。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Animal shelters allow volunteers to feed and care for sick or lonely dogs.”可知，收容所允许志愿者喂养和照料生病的狗。故选C。
3. B 【点拨】根据“Police dogs could find missing persons or detect danger.”可知，警犬可以找到失踪的人或发现危险。故选B。
4. B 【点拨】根据“If you want to adopt a dog, remember: they need daily walks, healthy food, and lots of love.”可知，狗狗需要每天散步、健康的食物和大量的爱。故选B。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇细节类英语阅读理解题，所有题目的答案都可以在原文中直接找到对应依据，解题思路非常清晰：首先先逐个划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，将定位到的原文内容和各个选项逐一比对，排除无中生有、不符合原文描述的错误选项，就能快速选出正确答案，不需要额外主观推断。
【解析】
1. 第一题：题干关键词为"in the past"，定位到原文第一段"They could once work as hunters or guards, but today, they often become companions that bring joy to our lives"，句中once对应题干的“过去”，直接对应B选项；A是现在狗狗作为陪伴的日常内容，C、D是狗狗当下的特殊能力，均不符合过去的功能描述，排除错误选项后选B。
2. 第二题：题干关键词为"animal shelters"和"volunteers"，定位到原文第二段"Animal shelters allow volunteers to feed and care for sick or lonely dogs"，直接对应C选项；A训练警犬不属于收容所志愿者的工作内容，B立刻领养所有流浪狗不符合原文表述，D为流浪狗建造新家原文完全没有提及，排除错项后选C。
3. 第三题：题干关键词为"police dogs"，定位到原文第三段"Police dogs could find missing persons or detect danger"，直接对应B选项；A闻花园的花原文无提及，C是普通宠物狗的作用，D做饭完全不符合常识和原文内容，排除错项后选B。
4. 第四题：题干关键词为"adopted"，定位到原文最后一段"If you want to adopt a dog, remember: they need daily walks, healthy food, and lots of love"，直接对应B选项；A的昂贵玩具和华丽服饰原文无提及，C把狗独自留在家不符合养宠要求，D每周去宠物沙龙原文没有相关表述，排除错项后选B。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位，文本信息检索
【点评】
本篇阅读主题贴近生活，传递爱护动物的正向价值观，所有题目均为直白的细节理解题，几乎没有设置强干扰的迷惑选项，核心考察学生快速从文本中抓取指定信息的基础阅读能力，适合小学高段或初中低年级学生训练阅读定位技巧。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇细节类英语阅读理解题，所有题目的答案都可以在原文中直接找到对应依据，解题思路非常清晰：首先先逐个划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，将定位到的原文内容和各个选项逐一比对，排除无中生有、不符合原文描述的错误选项，就能快速选出正确答案，不需要额外主观推断。
【解析】
1. 第一题：题干关键词为"in the past"，定位到原文第一段"They could once work as hunters or guards, but today, they often become companions that bring joy to our lives"，句中once对应题干的“过去”，直接对应B选项；A是现在狗狗作为陪伴的日常内容，C、D是狗狗当下的特殊能力，均不符合过去的功能描述，排除错误选项后选B。
2. 第二题：题干关键词为"animal shelters"和"volunteers"，定位到原文第二段"Animal shelters allow volunteers to feed and care for sick or lonely dogs"，直接对应C选项；A训练警犬不属于收容所志愿者的工作内容，B立刻领养所有流浪狗不符合原文表述，D为流浪狗建造新家原文完全没有提及，排除错项后选C。
3. 第三题：题干关键词为"police dogs"，定位到原文第三段"Police dogs could find missing persons or detect danger"，直接对应B选项；A闻花园的花原文无提及，C是普通宠物狗的作用，D做饭完全不符合常识和原文内容，排除错项后选B。
4. 第四题：题干关键词为"adopted"，定位到原文最后一段"If you want to adopt a dog, remember: they need daily walks, healthy food, and lots of love"，直接对应B选项；A的昂贵玩具和华丽服饰原文无提及，C把狗独自留在家不符合养宠要求，D每周去宠物沙龙原文没有相关表述，排除错项后选B。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位，文本信息检索
【点评】
本篇阅读主题贴近生活，传递爱护动物的正向价值观，所有题目均为直白的细节理解题，几乎没有设置强干扰的迷惑选项，核心考察学生快速从文本中抓取指定信息的基础阅读能力，适合小学高段或初中低年级学生训练阅读定位技巧。
【难度系数】
0.9