六、任务型阅读。
Taking part in charity activities is not just for grown - up people. Children can do it too! Melvin Sheppard, 14, an American student, has done charitable work for eight years. He has also encouraged his classmates to join him.
Melvin studies at William Allen Middle School in Philadelphia. Recently, he collected $1,500 by himself and $487 from his classmates to donate to Cooper University Hospital.
Melvin was born nine weeks premature (早产) in Cooper University Hospital, weighing 2.6 kg. His father told him how Cooper saved his life, so he felt thankful to the hospital.
Melvin's classmates joined him as soon as they found out about his kind behaviour. Their teacher, Michael Berner, also held a class with them about helping others. "It wasn't really about the money," Berner said. "It was about the fact that they were doing something good."
"It is great to help someone that I know," said Jordan, Melvin's classmate. Melvin's neighbours also helped out.
Since Melvin was 8, he and his parents have given money to Cooper University Hospital every year. This year, Gary E. Stahl, the head of Cooper's division of neonatology (新生儿科), went to Melvin's school to accept the money.
The money goes to a part of the hospital that helps about 500 young patients every year. "When they leave, we call them graduates (毕业生)," Stahl said. "We are pleased when our graduates and their family do well, like Melvin and his family."
注:每题答案不超过 6 个单词。
1. How old was Melvin when he started to do charitable work?
2. Why did Melvin feel thankful to Cooper University Hospital?
3. How often have Melvin and his parents given money to Cooper University Hospital?
4. How many young patients get help every year?
5. What can we learn from Melvin?
Taking part in charity activities is not just for grown - up people. Children can do it too! Melvin Sheppard, 14, an American student, has done charitable work for eight years. He has also encouraged his classmates to join him.
Melvin studies at William Allen Middle School in Philadelphia. Recently, he collected $1,500 by himself and $487 from his classmates to donate to Cooper University Hospital.
Melvin was born nine weeks premature (早产) in Cooper University Hospital, weighing 2.6 kg. His father told him how Cooper saved his life, so he felt thankful to the hospital.
Melvin's classmates joined him as soon as they found out about his kind behaviour. Their teacher, Michael Berner, also held a class with them about helping others. "It wasn't really about the money," Berner said. "It was about the fact that they were doing something good."
"It is great to help someone that I know," said Jordan, Melvin's classmate. Melvin's neighbours also helped out.
Since Melvin was 8, he and his parents have given money to Cooper University Hospital every year. This year, Gary E. Stahl, the head of Cooper's division of neonatology (新生儿科), went to Melvin's school to accept the money.
The money goes to a part of the hospital that helps about 500 young patients every year. "When they leave, we call them graduates (毕业生)," Stahl said. "We are pleased when our graduates and their family do well, like Melvin and his family."
注:每题答案不超过 6 个单词。
1. How old was Melvin when he started to do charitable work?
He was six. /Six.
2. Why did Melvin feel thankful to Cooper University Hospital?
Because it saved his life.
3. How often have Melvin and his parents given money to Cooper University Hospital?
Every year.
4. How many young patients get help every year?
About 500.
5. What can we learn from Melvin?
We should help others.（答案不唯一）
答案：六、1. He was six. /Six. 2. Because it saved his life. 3. Every year. 4. About 500. 5. We should help others.（答案不唯一）
解析：
【分析】
这是一道任务型阅读题，解题思路非常明确：首先通读所有题干，标记每道题的核心疑问要素（年龄、原因、频率、数量、启示），带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，提取匹配信息，同时严格遵守题干要求的“答案不超过6个单词”的限制：
1. 第一题问开始做慈善的年龄，找到原文给出的当前14岁、已做慈善8年的信息，做减法就能算出起始年龄；
2. 第二题问感谢医院的原因，直接定位讲述Melvin早产经历的段落，提取对应原因即可；
3. 第三题问捐款的频率，定位描述他和父母捐款习惯的段落，直接提取频率表述；
4. 第四题问每年受助的年轻病人数量，定位最后一段的相关数据直接提取；
5. 第五题是开放性主旨题，围绕全文倡导的参与慈善、帮助他人的核心，写出符合字数要求的正向表述即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“Melvin Sheppard, 14, an American student, has done charitable work for eight years”，计算可得14-8=6，即他6岁开始做慈善，输出符合字数要求的表述即可。
2. 定位原文第三段“His father told him how Cooper saved his life, so he felt thankful to the hospital”，直接提取核心原因，精简到要求字数范围内。
3. 定位原文第六段“Since Melvin was 8, he and his parents have given money to Cooper University Hospital every year”，直接提取对应的频率表述。
4. 定位原文最后一段“The money goes to a part of the hospital that helps about 500 young patients every year”，直接提取对应数据即可。
5. 全文讲述Melvin坚持做慈善、感恩回报、带动身边人帮助他人的事迹，围绕“要帮助他人”的核心作答，符合字数要求即可。
【答案】
1. He was six. /Six.
2. Because it saved his life.
3. Every year.
4. About 500.
5. We should help others.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，信息提取，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题以细节查找类题型为主，仅最后一题为开放性设问，整体难度不高，解题时需要特别注意题干明确要求的答案不超过6个单词的限制，避免出现表述冗余超字数的问题，开放性作答时要贴合原文核心主旨即可。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一道任务型阅读题，解题思路非常明确：首先通读所有题干，标记每道题的核心疑问要素（年龄、原因、频率、数量、启示），带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，提取匹配信息，同时严格遵守题干要求的“答案不超过6个单词”的限制：
1. 第一题问开始做慈善的年龄，找到原文给出的当前14岁、已做慈善8年的信息，做减法就能算出起始年龄；
2. 第二题问感谢医院的原因，直接定位讲述Melvin早产经历的段落，提取对应原因即可；
3. 第三题问捐款的频率，定位描述他和父母捐款习惯的段落，直接提取频率表述；
4. 第四题问每年受助的年轻病人数量，定位最后一段的相关数据直接提取；
5. 第五题是开放性主旨题，围绕全文倡导的参与慈善、帮助他人的核心，写出符合字数要求的正向表述即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“Melvin Sheppard, 14, an American student, has done charitable work for eight years”，计算可得14-8=6，即他6岁开始做慈善，输出符合字数要求的表述即可。
2. 定位原文第三段“His father told him how Cooper saved his life, so he felt thankful to the hospital”，直接提取核心原因，精简到要求字数范围内。
3. 定位原文第六段“Since Melvin was 8, he and his parents have given money to Cooper University Hospital every year”，直接提取对应的频率表述。
4. 定位原文最后一段“The money goes to a part of the hospital that helps about 500 young patients every year”，直接提取对应数据即可。
5. 全文讲述Melvin坚持做慈善、感恩回报、带动身边人帮助他人的事迹，围绕“要帮助他人”的核心作答，符合字数要求即可。
【答案】
1. He was six. /Six.
2. Because it saved his life.
3. Every year.
4. About 500.
5. We should help others.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，信息提取，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题以细节查找类题型为主，仅最后一题为开放性设问，整体难度不高，解题时需要特别注意题干明确要求的答案不超过6个单词的限制，避免出现表述冗余超字数的问题，开放性作答时要贴合原文核心主旨即可。
【难度系数】
0.7