零五网 全部参考答案 启东中学作业本 2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语下册译林版 第176页解析答案
五、根据短文内容,在文中空白处填入 1 个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, many families have useful tools to make life easier. For example, an
electronic
(electricity) clock can wake you up every morning, and it shows the time clearly so you won't be late for school or miss important plans.
A
small radio can play soft music or interesting news when you eat breakfast or do housework, making the daily routine more enjoyable. Even simple tools
like
electric fans or small heaters make our life more comfortable, and help us save time and energy in
daily
(day) life.
We also need power
to keep
(keep) these tools working. Some small tools, like flashlights, portable radios or handheld game players, run on
batteries
(battery). When you go
camping
(camp) at night or have a power cut at home, a flashlight with new batteries can light up the tent or room,
so
you don't have to worry about the dark or stop what you're doing. It's important to keep some extra batteries at home in case you need them suddenly, as they are small and easy to store without taking much space.
However, not all places have enough power all the time. In some remote villages,
especially
(especial) in mountainous areas, electricity comes and goes irregularly, so people hardly use many tools that need steady power. They learn to live with simple things, like using candles instead of lamps, or drying clothes in the sun instead of electric dryers. But even there, kids still find ways
to study
(study) by candlelight and play traditional games with friends, showing that happiness doesn't always need much power or modern tools.
1.
electronic
2.
A
3.
like
4.
daily
5.
to keep

6.
batteries
7.
camping
8.
so
9.
especially
10.
to study

答案:五、1. electronic 2. A 3. like 4. daily 5. to keep 6. batteries 7. camping 8. so 9. especially 10. to study
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇基础类的短文语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确文章围绕日常电器、电力相关的生活场景展开的大意,之后逐个分析空格:首先看括号内给出提示词的空格,优先判断词性是否需要转换,结合被修饰的成分确定是变形容词、副词还是符合非谓语、名词单复数规则;没有提示词的空格,结合上下文逻辑判断需要填冠词、介词还是连词,同时回忆对应的固定搭配,就能顺理推出所有答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空后是名词clock,需要形容词作定语修饰,名词electricity(电)对应的形容词electronic表示“电子的”,electronic clock即电子钟,符合语境。
2. 第二空后small radio是可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一台小收音机”,small以辅音音素开头,且位于句首首字母大写,填不定冠词A。
3. 空格后electric fans or small heaters是对前文simple tools的举例,介词like表示“像、比如”,符合举例的逻辑。
4. 空格后是名词life,需要形容词修饰,名词day对应的形容词daily表示“日常的”,构成固定搭配daily life“日常生活”。
5. 此处符合固定结构need sth. to do sth.,表示“需要某物来做某事”,不定式作目的状语,因此填to keep。
6. 此处泛指各类电池,battery是可数名词,用复数形式batteries指代这一类物品。
7. 属于固定搭配go camping,表示“去露营”,是go+动名词表示户外活动的常用结构。
8. 前文提到带新电池的手电筒可以照亮空间,后文是“你不必担心黑暗、停下正在做的事”,前后是顺承因果关系,填连词so。
9. 空格后是介词短语in mountainous areas,需要副词来加强语气,形容词especial对应的副词especially表示“尤其、特别”,符合语境。
10. 符合固定搭配ways to do sth.,表示“做某事的方法”,不定式作后置定语修饰ways,填to study。
【答案】
1. electronic 2. A 3. like 4. daily 5. to keep 6. batteries 7. camping 8. so 9. especially 10. to study
【知识点】
词性转换,固定搭配,虚词用法
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空,考点覆盖初中阶段核心的词形变换、非谓语动词、常见固定短语、冠词介词连词的基础用法,话题贴近学生日常生活,既考察基础语法掌握程度,也要求学生结合上下文逻辑判断语义,适合巩固基础语法知识点使用。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、完形填空。
Do you often use plastic straws (吸管)? You probably use them to
lots of things, such as soybean milk (豆浆), cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small
they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20
and normally remain on earth for over 100 years since they cannot be
easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the
? Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management (管理) in some areas is so poor and you know, all gutters (排水沟) lead to our ocean.
, plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a
was found bleeding because a 12 - centimetre - long plastic straw was pushed into
nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle
two - and - a - half times around our planet! If we don't take action now, there will be
plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about ______ plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution? The simplest way is to say “
” to single - use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw? There are reusable (可再次使用的) straws instead. These straws can be used,
, and reused over and over again.
Coffee house chain Starbucks (星巴克) has started to
lids (盖子) without straws and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1, 000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald's has
taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
(
)1. A. drink
B. eat
C. tie
D. make
(
)2. A. so
B. and
C. or
D. but
(
)3. A. seconds
B. minutes
C. hours
D. days
(
)4. A. cut down
B. written down
C. broken down
D. put down
(
)5. A. earth
B. air
C. water
D. ocean
(
)6. A. For example
B. Such as
C. Even worse
D. For one thing
(
)7. A. camel
B. monkey
C. turtle
D. giraffe
(
)8. A. their
B. its
C. her
D. his
(
)9. A. closely
B. nearly
C. specially
D. particularly
(
)10. A. more
B. fewer
C. less
D. better
(
)11. A. whether
B. how
C. why
D. what
(
)12. A. hello
B. sorry
C. yes
D. no
(
)13. A. repaired
B. burned
C. picked
D. cleaned
(
)14. A. offer
B. afford
C. affect
D. instruct
(
)15. A. still
B. also
C. ever
D. just
答案:六、1. A 【点拨】根据“soybean milk(豆浆),cola or milk tea”可知,这些液体的东西是用来喝的。故选 A。
2. D 【点拨】根据“Plastic straws are small 2 they are a big problem.”可知,“小吸管”和“大问题”之间构成转折。故选 D。
3. B 【点拨】根据常识和“They are made in 10 minutes”可知,应该表示用 20 分钟。故选 B。
4. C 【点拨】根据“normally remain on earth for over 100 years”可知,吸管不容易分解。故选 C。
5. D 【点拨】根据下文“The waste management(管理) in some areas is so poor and you know, all gutters(排水沟) lead to our ocean.”可知,此处指进入“海洋”。故选 D。
6. C 【点拨】根据上文和“plastic straws kill ocean life”可知,此处表示递进关系。故选 C。
7. C 【点拨】根据上文“lead to our ocean”可知,此处描写海洋中的生物。故选 C。
8. B 【点拨】此处指代 turtle,作定语,应用 its。故选 B。
9. B 【点拨】根据上文中的“around 500 million plastic straws”可知,这么多的吸管可以绕地球将近两圈半。故选 B。
10. A 【点拨】根据语境和 than 可知,到 2050 年,海洋中塑料的数量将超过鱼类。故选 A。
11. A 【点拨】结合语境可知,此处表示“是否”;与 or not 连用时应用 whether。故选 A。
12. D 【点拨】根据语境及“to reduce plastic pollution”可知,此处表示拒用一次性塑料制品。故选 D。
13. D 【点拨】根据“reusable(可再次使用的) straws”可知,这种吸管可以被重复使用,应该能被清洗。故选 D。
14. A 【点拨】根据“instead of plastic straws”可知,星巴克已开始提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管,而不是塑料吸管。故选 A。
15. B 【点拨】根据“Starbucks is not alone.”可知,不止星巴克,麦当劳也采取了行动。故选 B。
解析:
【分析】
拿到这篇完形填空,首先第一步先通读全文,理清文章核心主题:本文围绕塑料吸管的污染问题展开,介绍了塑料吸管从生产、使用到流入海洋危害海洋生物的现状,同时介绍了人们为减少塑料污染采取的各类应对措施,传递环保理念。解题时每一道题都要紧扣上下文给出的线索,结合生活常识、词汇辨析、固定搭配逐一排除不符合语境的选项:比如看到第1题后文列举的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都是饮品,直接对应动作“喝”;遇到逻辑类的题目比如第2题,判断前后句的逻辑关系是转折还是并列递进,选出匹配的连词;遇到固定搭配题比如第11题后面出现or not,直接对应引导“是否”的whether,一步步推导就能得到全部正确答案。
【解析】
我们逐题分析选项:
1. 后文列举的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都属于饮品,使用吸管的动作是喝,drink喝,eat吃,tie系,make制作,只有A符合语境。
2. 前半句“塑料吸管很小”,后半句“它们是个大问题”,前后是转折逻辑,so因此,and并且,or或者,but但是,只有D符合逻辑要求。
3. 前文提到塑料吸管10分钟就能生产出来,结合常识塑料吸管的使用时间很短,20秒过短,20小时、20天不符合日常用吸管喝饮品的时长,20分钟符合实际场景,选B。
4. 后文提到塑料吸管在地球上留存超过100年,说明很难被分解,cut down砍倒,write down写下,break down分解,put down放下,只有C符合语境。
5. 后文直接提到所有排水沟最终都汇入海洋,说明此处提问塑料吸管是怎么进入海洋的,earth地球,air空气,water水,ocean海洋,选D。
6. 前文说塑料吸管流入海洋,后文说塑料吸管会杀死海洋生物,是比塑料进入海洋更糟糕的情况,for example举例,such as例如,even worse更糟糕的是,for one thing一方面,选C。
7. 前文明确提到危害的是海洋生物,选项里只有海龟是海洋生物,camel骆驼,monkey猴子,turtle海龟,giraffe长颈鹿,选C。
8. 此处指代前面提到的海龟,修饰名词nose,要用对应单数事物的形容词性物主代词its,选B。
9. 此处表示5亿根塑料吸管的总长度足够将近绕地球两圈半,closely紧密地,nearly将近、几乎,specially特别地,particularly尤其,选B。
10. 后文有than表示比较级,语境是到2050年海洋里的塑料总量会比鱼更多,more更多,fewer更少(修饰可数名词),less更少,better更好,选A。
11. 后文搭配or not表示“是否”,引导宾语从句且和or not连用只能用whether,how如何,why为什么,what什么,选A。
12. 前文提到要减少塑料污染,所以要对一次性塑料说不,hello你好,sorry对不起,yes是,no不,选D。
13. 可重复使用的吸管,使用之后需要清洗才能再次使用,repair修理,burn燃烧,pick捡起,clean清洗,选D。
14. 星巴克开始为顾客提供不带吸管的杯盖和纸吸管,offer提供,afford负担得起,affect影响,instruct指导,选A。
15. 前文提到星巴克采取了限塑行动,此处表示麦当劳也采取了同类行动,still仍然,also也,ever曾经,just刚刚,选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
【知识点】
1. 语境词义辨析
2. 连词逻辑判断
3. 固定搭配应用
【点评】
这篇完形填空选取了当下热门的限塑环保主题,贴近学生日常生活,整体线索清晰,绝大多数题目都能通过上下文给出的明确提示直接推导得出,既考察了学生对初中阶段核心词汇的掌握程度,也渗透了环保的价值引导,难度适中,适合中等水平的学生练习巩固完形解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7
上一页 下一页