五、缺词填空。(每空一词)(2025·江苏盐城盐都区调研)
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.
The roads used to be narrow and c 1. The houses were old and small. There was rubbish e 2. And the air wasn't f 3 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the w 4 into the river. Water pollution was also a big problem.
Nowadays, our l 5 conditions have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It's really easy for people to go out. We can choose different t 6 of transport to go anywhere. The g 7 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 8 into big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing h 9. Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colourful flowers.
Our country is becoming richer and s 10. We are living a happy life.
1.
6.
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.
The roads used to be narrow and c 1. The houses were old and small. There was rubbish e 2. And the air wasn't f 3 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the w 4 into the river. Water pollution was also a big problem.
Nowadays, our l 5 conditions have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It's really easy for people to go out. We can choose different t 6 of transport to go anywhere. The g 7 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 8 into big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing h 9. Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colourful flowers.
Our country is becoming richer and s 10. We are living a happy life.
1.
crowded
2. everywhere
3. fresh
4. waste
5. living
6.
types
7. government
8. moved
9. happily
10. stronger
答案：1. crowded 2. everywhere 3. fresh 4. waste 5. living 6. types 7. government 8. moved 9. happily 10. stronger
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇以家乡今昔发展变化为主题的首字母提示缺词填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，整体把握文章“过去环境差、如今生活水平大幅提升”的核心逻辑，之后逐空结合前后文的语境提示、给出的首字母，同时兼顾词性、时态、词形变化等语法规则推导对应单词，全部填完后再通读全文校验逻辑和语法是否通顺，避免出现形式错误。
【解析】
1. 第一空：and并列和narrow（狭窄的）并列的形容词，描述过去道路的负面特征，首字母为c，crowded（拥挤的）符合过去道路拥堵的语境。
2. 第二空：前文描述过去居住环境差，提到有垃圾，首字母为e，everywhere（到处、处处）表示垃圾随处可见，契合过去脏乱的环境特点。
3. 第三空：描述过去空气质量不佳，放在wasn't后面作表语，首字母为f，fresh（清新的），air not fresh表示空气不清新，是常用表达。
4. 第四空：前文提到学校附近有造纸厂，后文提到水污染严重，首字母为w，waste（废弃物、废料）表示工厂排放的污水废料，符合逻辑。
5. 第五空：后文开始描述当下道路、出行、住房的改善，固定搭配living conditions表示生活条件，首字母为l，契合语境。
6. 第六空：前文提到人们出行很方便，different types of是固定搭配，意为“不同种类的”，首字母为t，修饰transport（交通方式），符合出行选择多样的描述。
7. 第七空：句子提到修建了很多高楼，首字母为g，government（政府）是公共建设的主体，符合社会常识。
8. 第八空：句子为现在完成时，结构是have+动词过去分词，move into是固定搭配意为“搬进”，首字母为m，move的过去分词是moved，符合人们搬进新房的语境。
9. 第九空：此处需要副词修饰动词sing，首字母为h，happily（开心地），契合当下环境变好的愉悦氛围。
10. 第十空：and并列两个比较级，和richer（更富裕的）对应，首字母为s，stronger（更强大的），richer and stronger是常用表达“越来越富强”，符合描述国家发展的语境。
【答案】
1. crowded 2. everywhere 3. fresh 4. waste 5. living 6. types 7. government 8. moved 9. happily 10. stronger
【知识点】
首字母缺词填空，词性辨析，固定短语
【点评】
本题围绕学生熟悉的“家乡变化”主题设题，难度适中，既考查学生结合上下文语境推导单词的理解能力，也覆盖了形容词用法、副词修饰动词、现在完成时、比较级并列等基础语法点，学生解题时要注意不能脱离语境孤立猜词，还要格外注意动词的过去分词、副词等词形变化，避免出现拼写形式错误丢分。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇以家乡今昔发展变化为主题的首字母提示缺词填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，整体把握文章“过去环境差、如今生活水平大幅提升”的核心逻辑，之后逐空结合前后文的语境提示、给出的首字母，同时兼顾词性、时态、词形变化等语法规则推导对应单词，全部填完后再通读全文校验逻辑和语法是否通顺，避免出现形式错误。
【解析】
1. 第一空：and并列和narrow（狭窄的）并列的形容词，描述过去道路的负面特征，首字母为c，crowded（拥挤的）符合过去道路拥堵的语境。
2. 第二空：前文描述过去居住环境差，提到有垃圾，首字母为e，everywhere（到处、处处）表示垃圾随处可见，契合过去脏乱的环境特点。
3. 第三空：描述过去空气质量不佳，放在wasn't后面作表语，首字母为f，fresh（清新的），air not fresh表示空气不清新，是常用表达。
4. 第四空：前文提到学校附近有造纸厂，后文提到水污染严重，首字母为w，waste（废弃物、废料）表示工厂排放的污水废料，符合逻辑。
5. 第五空：后文开始描述当下道路、出行、住房的改善，固定搭配living conditions表示生活条件，首字母为l，契合语境。
6. 第六空：前文提到人们出行很方便，different types of是固定搭配，意为“不同种类的”，首字母为t，修饰transport（交通方式），符合出行选择多样的描述。
7. 第七空：句子提到修建了很多高楼，首字母为g，government（政府）是公共建设的主体，符合社会常识。
8. 第八空：句子为现在完成时，结构是have+动词过去分词，move into是固定搭配意为“搬进”，首字母为m，move的过去分词是moved，符合人们搬进新房的语境。
9. 第九空：此处需要副词修饰动词sing，首字母为h，happily（开心地），契合当下环境变好的愉悦氛围。
10. 第十空：and并列两个比较级，和richer（更富裕的）对应，首字母为s，stronger（更强大的），richer and stronger是常用表达“越来越富强”，符合描述国家发展的语境。
【答案】
1. crowded 2. everywhere 3. fresh 4. waste 5. living 6. types 7. government 8. moved 9. happily 10. stronger
【知识点】
首字母缺词填空，词性辨析，固定短语
【点评】
本题围绕学生熟悉的“家乡变化”主题设题，难度适中，既考查学生结合上下文语境推导单词的理解能力，也覆盖了形容词用法、副词修饰动词、现在完成时、比较级并列等基础语法点，学生解题时要注意不能脱离语境孤立猜词，还要格外注意动词的过去分词、副词等词形变化，避免出现拼写形式错误丢分。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、完形填空。
When Luo Xikun was a young boy, his dream job was to deal with machines. He was always interested in 1 different kinds of tools worked. He started 2 at a young age, first as a kitchen helper and then as a food deliveryman (送餐员) for a platform providing life services. During those early days, he often 3 about a future with more advanced technology in his work. In his 4 time, Luo kept studying to get a degree. He believed knowledge would be 5 for job changes.
In 2022, the platform started 6 for drone (无人机) pilots among its deliverymen. Luo saw this as a chance to follow his 6 and decided to give it a try. Before the training, he had little idea about drone systems, so he 7 himself by reading books. After a month of training, he 8 a hard exam—there were difficult tasks and questions—and became a drone pilot.
Luo's job has changed a lot since then. He used to spend long hours delivering food on the roads, 9 traffic jams and bad weather. 10 now he spends his time learning new things and working with drones. "Flying drones is serious," Luo says. "There's no 11 for careless mistakes. Even a small mistake could cause problems. " With more experience, Luo then got a new job that tests drone flights and designs (设计) new routes (路线). He has to 12 routes are safe and efficient.
One of his exciting tasks was to work on a drone delivery route along the Great Wall. The trip used to take over 50 minutes to walk. Luo and his team worked hard to plan and test the route, even facing 13 like strong winds and sudden rain. They had to adjust (调整) plans constantly. Drones now help deliver things to 14. It makes visiting remote spots along the Great Wall easier.
Luo feels proud that technology is making life 15 and helping people see more new places. He believes drones could be used more widely in the future, maybe in fields like emergency rescue.
(
B. when
C. how
D. which
(
B. working
C. dreaming
D. travelling
(
B. forgot
C. thought
D. worried
(
B. busy
C. working
D. great
(
B. useless
C. helpful
D. thankful
(
B. dream
C. rule
D. order
(
B. fooled
C. enjoyed
D. helped
(
B. failed
C. passed
D. created
(
B. expecting
C. leading
D. facing
(
B. But
C. Or
D. And
(
B. fun
C. need
D. time
(
B. worry about
C. take up
D. put off
(
B. challenges
C. changes
D. choices
(
B. farmers
C. teachers
D. tourists
(
B. safer
C. worse
D. better
When Luo Xikun was a young boy, his dream job was to deal with machines. He was always interested in 1 different kinds of tools worked. He started 2 at a young age, first as a kitchen helper and then as a food deliveryman (送餐员) for a platform providing life services. During those early days, he often 3 about a future with more advanced technology in his work. In his 4 time, Luo kept studying to get a degree. He believed knowledge would be 5 for job changes.
In 2022, the platform started 6 for drone (无人机) pilots among its deliverymen. Luo saw this as a chance to follow his 6 and decided to give it a try. Before the training, he had little idea about drone systems, so he 7 himself by reading books. After a month of training, he 8 a hard exam—there were difficult tasks and questions—and became a drone pilot.
Luo's job has changed a lot since then. He used to spend long hours delivering food on the roads, 9 traffic jams and bad weather. 10 now he spends his time learning new things and working with drones. "Flying drones is serious," Luo says. "There's no 11 for careless mistakes. Even a small mistake could cause problems. " With more experience, Luo then got a new job that tests drone flights and designs (设计) new routes (路线). He has to 12 routes are safe and efficient.
One of his exciting tasks was to work on a drone delivery route along the Great Wall. The trip used to take over 50 minutes to walk. Luo and his team worked hard to plan and test the route, even facing 13 like strong winds and sudden rain. They had to adjust (调整) plans constantly. Drones now help deliver things to 14. It makes visiting remote spots along the Great Wall easier.
Luo feels proud that technology is making life 15 and helping people see more new places. He believes drones could be used more widely in the future, maybe in fields like emergency rescue.
(
C
) 1. A. whatB. when
C. how
D. which
(
B
) 2. A. playingB. working
C. dreaming
D. travelling
(
C
) 3. A. caredB. forgot
C. thought
D. worried
(
A
) 4. A. freeB. busy
C. working
D. great
(
C
) 5. A. helplessB. useless
C. helpful
D. thankful
(
B
) 6. A. habitB. dream
C. rule
D. order
(
A
) 7. A. taughtB. fooled
C. enjoyed
D. helped
(
C
) 8. A. missedB. failed
C. passed
D. created
(
D
) 9. A. avoidingB. expecting
C. leading
D. facing
(
B
) 10. A. SoB. But
C. Or
D. And
(
A
) 11. A. roomB. fun
C. need
D. time
(
A
) 12. A. make sureB. worry about
C. take up
D. put off
(
B
) 13. A. chancesB. challenges
C. changes
D. choices
(
D
) 14. A. workersB. farmers
C. teachers
D. tourists
(
D
) 15. A. harderB. safer
C. worse
D. better
答案：1. C【点拨】根据原文“He was always interested in”可知，是对机器如何工作感兴趣。故选C。
2. B【点拨】根据“first as a kitchen helper and then as a food deliveryman(送餐员)”可知，他很小就开始工作。故选B。
3. C【点拨】根据“about a future with more advanced technology in his work”可知，是思考未来的工作。think about 思考。故选C。
4. A【点拨】根据上文及“Luo kept studying to get a degree.”可知，他是在空闲时间学习。free time 空闲时间。故选A。
5. C【点拨】根据语境可知，知识对工作变化有帮助。故选C。
6. B【点拨】根据“When Luo Xikun was a young boy, his dream job was to deal with machines.”可知，他从小梦想与机器打交道，由此推知，成为无人机飞行员是他在追逐“梦想”。故选B。
7. A【点拨】根据“by reading books”可知，是通过读书自学。teach oneself 自学。故选A。
8. C【点拨】根据“became a drone pilot”可知，成为无人机飞行员意味着“通过”了考试。故选C。
9. D【点拨】根据“traffic jams and bad weather”可知，送餐时会“面对”交通堵塞和坏天气。故选D。
10. B【点拨】分析语境可知，前后句之间是转折关系。故选B。
11. A【点拨】根据“Even a small mistake could cause problems.”可知，没有粗心犯错的余地。no room for mistakes 没有犯错的余地。故选A。
12. A【点拨】根据“routes are safe and efficient”可知，要“确保”路线安全高效。故选A。
13. B【点拨】根据“like strong winds and sudden rain”可知，大风、骤雨是“挑战”。故选B。
14. D【点拨】根据“It makes visiting remote spots along the Great Wall easier.”可知，是给“游客”送物资。故选D。
15. D【点拨】根据“helping people see more new places”可知，科技让生活变得更好。故选D。
2. B【点拨】根据“first as a kitchen helper and then as a food deliveryman(送餐员)”可知，他很小就开始工作。故选B。
3. C【点拨】根据“about a future with more advanced technology in his work”可知，是思考未来的工作。think about 思考。故选C。
4. A【点拨】根据上文及“Luo kept studying to get a degree.”可知，他是在空闲时间学习。free time 空闲时间。故选A。
5. C【点拨】根据语境可知，知识对工作变化有帮助。故选C。
6. B【点拨】根据“When Luo Xikun was a young boy, his dream job was to deal with machines.”可知，他从小梦想与机器打交道，由此推知，成为无人机飞行员是他在追逐“梦想”。故选B。
7. A【点拨】根据“by reading books”可知，是通过读书自学。teach oneself 自学。故选A。
8. C【点拨】根据“became a drone pilot”可知，成为无人机飞行员意味着“通过”了考试。故选C。
9. D【点拨】根据“traffic jams and bad weather”可知，送餐时会“面对”交通堵塞和坏天气。故选D。
10. B【点拨】分析语境可知，前后句之间是转折关系。故选B。
11. A【点拨】根据“Even a small mistake could cause problems.”可知，没有粗心犯错的余地。no room for mistakes 没有犯错的余地。故选A。
12. A【点拨】根据“routes are safe and efficient”可知，要“确保”路线安全高效。故选A。
13. B【点拨】根据“like strong winds and sudden rain”可知，大风、骤雨是“挑战”。故选B。
14. D【点拨】根据“It makes visiting remote spots along the Great Wall easier.”可知，是给“游客”送物资。故选D。
15. D【点拨】根据“helping people see more new places”可知，科技让生活变得更好。故选D。
解析：
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，理清文章主旨：本文讲述了罗西坤从小对机械感兴趣，从普通送餐员通过不断学习，最终成为无人机飞行员，用无人机助力长城沿线配送的励志故事。接下来逐空解题时，要优先定位前后文的提示线索，结合词义辨析、固定搭配排除不符合语境的选项，最后再复读全文验证逻辑是否通顺。比如看到第1空，前文提到他小时候梦想从事和机器相关的工作，对各类工具的运作方式好奇，就能对应选出表“如何”的how；遇到固定搭配类的空比如think about、teach oneself、free time等，结合记忆直接匹配即可，遇到逻辑类的空比如第10空，对比过去送餐的辛苦和现在操作无人机的状态，很容易判断是转折关系。
【解析】
1. 前文提到他从小就对和机器打交道的工作感兴趣，可推知他一直好奇不同种类的工具是如何运作的，how表示“如何、怎样”，符合语境，选C。
2. 后文提到他先后做厨房帮工、生活服务平台的送餐员，说明他很小就开始工作了，working符合语境，选B。
3. 搭配think about表示“思考、畅想”，此处指他早年工作的时候经常畅想未来工作里有更先进的科技，符合语境，选C。
4. 固定搭配free time表示“空闲时间”，此处指他在工作之余的空闲时间坚持学习考取学位，符合语境，选A。
5. 前文说他坚持学习拿学位，可推知他相信知识对工作变动是有帮助的，helpful表示“有帮助的”，选C。
6. 文章开头就提到他小时候的梦想是从事和机械相关的工作，成为无人机飞行员正是他追逐儿时的梦想，dream符合语境，选B。
7. 固定搭配teach oneself表示“自学”，此处指他之前对无人机系统几乎不了解，所以通过阅读书籍自学，选A。
8. 后文提到他成为了一名无人机飞行员，说明他通过了难度很高的考试，pass the exam表示“通过考试”，选C。
9. 过去他长时间在路上送餐，要面对交通拥堵和恶劣天气，face表示“面对”，符合语境，选D。
10. 前文说过去送餐要面对各种糟糕状况，后文说现在他花时间学习新事物、操作无人机，前后是转折关系，用But连接，选B。
11. 后文提到哪怕很小的失误都会引发问题，说明粗心犯错是没有任何余地的，no room for...表示“没有……的余地”，符合语境，选A。
12. 他的新工作要测试无人机飞行、设计新路线，自然要确保路线是安全且高效的，make sure表示“确保”，选A。
13. 后文列举的大风、突降大雨都是他们测试路线时遇到的挑战，challenge表示“挑战”，选B。
14. 后文提到这让游览长城沿线偏远景点变得更容易，说明无人机是给游客运送物资，tourists符合语境，选D。
15. 后文提到科技帮助人们看到更多新的地方，说明科技让生活变得更好，better符合语境，选D。
【答案】
1-5 CBCAC 6-10 BACDB 11-15 AABDD
【知识点】
语境词义辨析，固定短语搭配，逻辑关系判断
【点评】
这是一篇贴近现实生活的励志类记叙文完形填空，考点均为中小学阶段核心的词汇、短语和逻辑知识点，大部分题目的提示线索都在前后文有明确呼应，没有设置偏难怪的考点，能够很好地锻炼学生结合上下文推理判断的完形解题能力，引导学生养成“先读主旨、再找线索、最后验证”的良好做题习惯。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，理清文章主旨：本文讲述了罗西坤从小对机械感兴趣，从普通送餐员通过不断学习，最终成为无人机飞行员，用无人机助力长城沿线配送的励志故事。接下来逐空解题时，要优先定位前后文的提示线索，结合词义辨析、固定搭配排除不符合语境的选项，最后再复读全文验证逻辑是否通顺。比如看到第1空，前文提到他小时候梦想从事和机器相关的工作，对各类工具的运作方式好奇，就能对应选出表“如何”的how；遇到固定搭配类的空比如think about、teach oneself、free time等，结合记忆直接匹配即可，遇到逻辑类的空比如第10空，对比过去送餐的辛苦和现在操作无人机的状态，很容易判断是转折关系。
【解析】
1. 前文提到他从小就对和机器打交道的工作感兴趣，可推知他一直好奇不同种类的工具是如何运作的，how表示“如何、怎样”，符合语境，选C。
2. 后文提到他先后做厨房帮工、生活服务平台的送餐员，说明他很小就开始工作了，working符合语境，选B。
3. 搭配think about表示“思考、畅想”，此处指他早年工作的时候经常畅想未来工作里有更先进的科技，符合语境，选C。
4. 固定搭配free time表示“空闲时间”，此处指他在工作之余的空闲时间坚持学习考取学位，符合语境，选A。
5. 前文说他坚持学习拿学位，可推知他相信知识对工作变动是有帮助的，helpful表示“有帮助的”，选C。
6. 文章开头就提到他小时候的梦想是从事和机械相关的工作，成为无人机飞行员正是他追逐儿时的梦想，dream符合语境，选B。
7. 固定搭配teach oneself表示“自学”，此处指他之前对无人机系统几乎不了解，所以通过阅读书籍自学，选A。
8. 后文提到他成为了一名无人机飞行员，说明他通过了难度很高的考试，pass the exam表示“通过考试”，选C。
9. 过去他长时间在路上送餐，要面对交通拥堵和恶劣天气，face表示“面对”，符合语境，选D。
10. 前文说过去送餐要面对各种糟糕状况，后文说现在他花时间学习新事物、操作无人机，前后是转折关系，用But连接，选B。
11. 后文提到哪怕很小的失误都会引发问题，说明粗心犯错是没有任何余地的，no room for...表示“没有……的余地”，符合语境，选A。
12. 他的新工作要测试无人机飞行、设计新路线，自然要确保路线是安全且高效的，make sure表示“确保”，选A。
13. 后文列举的大风、突降大雨都是他们测试路线时遇到的挑战，challenge表示“挑战”，选B。
14. 后文提到这让游览长城沿线偏远景点变得更容易，说明无人机是给游客运送物资，tourists符合语境，选D。
15. 后文提到科技帮助人们看到更多新的地方，说明科技让生活变得更好，better符合语境，选D。
【答案】
1-5 CBCAC 6-10 BACDB 11-15 AABDD
【知识点】
语境词义辨析，固定短语搭配，逻辑关系判断
【点评】
这是一篇贴近现实生活的励志类记叙文完形填空，考点均为中小学阶段核心的词汇、短语和逻辑知识点，大部分题目的提示线索都在前后文有明确呼应，没有设置偏难怪的考点，能够很好地锻炼学生结合上下文推理判断的完形解题能力，引导学生养成“先读主旨、再找线索、最后验证”的良好做题习惯。
【难度系数】
0.7