六、任务型阅读。
Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing (发明) something to put on your skin so you don't have to take a bath. He searched for a lot of information online.
Millions of people around the world haven't got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses. One of them is trachoma (沙眼). Thousands of people all over the world get it every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get infected (受感染的) and sometimes become blind.
Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. He did more research. Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel (凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath. He wrote the formula (配方) for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. Three years later, his dream came true. He made the gel and called it "DryBath". It looks like any other gel, but it isn't! It saves lives and it also helps save water!
Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him "one of the brightest young men in the world". He is very happy about the success. That's important in many parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people become inventors too.
注：每题答案不超过 6 个单词。
1. Where does Ludwick Marishane come from?
2. What does dirty water cause?
3. How do people use the gel "DryBath"?
4. What does DryBath help do?
5. What do you think of Ludwick Marishane?
Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing (发明) something to put on your skin so you don't have to take a bath. He searched for a lot of information online.
Millions of people around the world haven't got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses. One of them is trachoma (沙眼). Thousands of people all over the world get it every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get infected (受感染的) and sometimes become blind.
Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. He did more research. Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel (凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath. He wrote the formula (配方) for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. Three years later, his dream came true. He made the gel and called it "DryBath". It looks like any other gel, but it isn't! It saves lives and it also helps save water!
Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him "one of the brightest young men in the world". He is very happy about the success. That's important in many parts of the world where it's difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people become inventors too.
注：每题答案不超过 6 个单词。
1. Where does Ludwick Marishane come from?
He is from South Africa.
2. What does dirty water cause?
Terrible illnesses.
3. How do people use the gel "DryBath"?
They put it on their skin.
4. What does DryBath help do?
It saves lives and water.
5. What do you think of Ludwick Marishane?
He is smart and helpful.（答案不唯一）
答案：1. He is from South Africa.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.（答案不唯一）
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.（答案不唯一）
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇人物介绍类的任务型阅读，解题时首先明确每道题的问题指向，带着题干关键词回原文精准定位对应信息，同时严格遵守题目要求的“答案不超过6个单词”的规则，对找到的信息进行精简整理：第1题问人物国籍，直接定位首句找出处；第2题问脏水的危害，定位第二段相关描述提取核心内容；第3题问凝胶的使用方式，定位第三段关于凝胶用法的说明；第4题问DryBath的作用，定位第三段末尾的功能描述精简内容；第5题是开放性评价题，结合人物发明创造帮助他人的事迹，给出符合人物形象、字数合规的评价即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一句"Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa"，直接提取信息得到符合字数要求的答案。
2. 定位原文第二段"This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses."，提取核心内容即可。
3. 定位原文第三段"He wanted to make a gel (凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath."，可直接得出凝胶的使用方式。
4. 定位原文第三段末尾"It saves lives and it also helps save water!"，精简内容控制在6词以内即可。
5. 结合人物发明节水凝胶帮助缺水地区人群、鼓励其他年轻人做发明家的事迹，给出合理的正向评价即可。
【答案】
1. He is from South Africa.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
任务型阅读细节定位，英语信息提取整合
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低，大部分题目都可以直接从原文中找到对应信息，重点考察学生快速定位阅读细节、按照字数要求精简答案的能力，最后一道开放性题目引导学生结合人物事迹做出合理评价，兼顾了信息提取和主观表达的考察要求。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇人物介绍类的任务型阅读，解题时首先明确每道题的问题指向，带着题干关键词回原文精准定位对应信息，同时严格遵守题目要求的“答案不超过6个单词”的规则，对找到的信息进行精简整理：第1题问人物国籍，直接定位首句找出处；第2题问脏水的危害，定位第二段相关描述提取核心内容；第3题问凝胶的使用方式，定位第三段关于凝胶用法的说明；第4题问DryBath的作用，定位第三段末尾的功能描述精简内容；第5题是开放性评价题，结合人物发明创造帮助他人的事迹，给出符合人物形象、字数合规的评价即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一句"Ludwick Marishane, a man from South Africa"，直接提取信息得到符合字数要求的答案。
2. 定位原文第二段"This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses."，提取核心内容即可。
3. 定位原文第三段"He wanted to make a gel (凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don't have to take a bath."，可直接得出凝胶的使用方式。
4. 定位原文第三段末尾"It saves lives and it also helps save water!"，精简内容控制在6词以内即可。
5. 结合人物发明节水凝胶帮助缺水地区人群、鼓励其他年轻人做发明家的事迹，给出合理的正向评价即可。
【答案】
1. He is from South Africa.
2. Terrible illnesses.
3. They put it on their skin.
4. It saves lives and water.
5. He is smart and helpful.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
任务型阅读细节定位，英语信息提取整合
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低，大部分题目都可以直接从原文中找到对应信息，重点考察学生快速定位阅读细节、按照字数要求精简答案的能力，最后一道开放性题目引导学生结合人物事迹做出合理评价，兼顾了信息提取和主观表达的考察要求。
【难度系数】
0.8