B
In recent years, more and more young Chinese students are choosing to return to their homeland after studying abroad to realize their dreams. 28-year-old Jiang Yumeng is one of them. She shares her views. "In China, ordering food and shopping online are fast and affordable," she says. "But for international students with certain majors, it's more difficult to find jobs as good as those in China."
Jiang, who holds a master's degree in education from Johns Hopkins University in the US, now teaches at the Aerospace City School in Beijing.
Growing up in Qinhuangdao, a port city in Hebei Province, Jiang remembers her parents talking about their lives at her age—living in their workplace dormitories. Today, Jiang lives in a flat in the north of Beijing. She travels whenever possible. She visits both domestic and foreign places.
"Thanks to China's reform and opening-up policy, young people now have more chances to travel abroad and understand the differences between China and other countries," she explains.
During her time in the US, Jiang noticed many local media reports were biased(有偏见的) and based on old views. "If they travelled widely in China, they would see how much the country has changed over the past 10 or 20 years," she adds.
Over the last ten years, China has introduced a series of policies, from the central to local levels, to create better living conditions for returning overseas students.
(
A. Fair local media reports.
B. High university positions.
C. Easier job chances for international students.
D. Convenient food delivery and online shopping.
(
A. Jobs.
B. Majors for international students.
C. Online shopping services in China.
D. Chances to travel abroad.
(
A. Home.
B. Urban.
C. Boring.
D. Popular.
(
A. More Chinese students are studying abroad.
B. Some international students are looking for jobs in China.
C. More Chinese graduates are looking for jobs in foreign countries.
D. Returning overseas students are choosing to realize their dreams in China.
In recent years, more and more young Chinese students are choosing to return to their homeland after studying abroad to realize their dreams. 28-year-old Jiang Yumeng is one of them. She shares her views. "In China, ordering food and shopping online are fast and affordable," she says. "But for international students with certain majors, it's more difficult to find jobs as good as those in China."
Jiang, who holds a master's degree in education from Johns Hopkins University in the US, now teaches at the Aerospace City School in Beijing.
Growing up in Qinhuangdao, a port city in Hebei Province, Jiang remembers her parents talking about their lives at her age—living in their workplace dormitories. Today, Jiang lives in a flat in the north of Beijing. She travels whenever possible. She visits both domestic and foreign places.
"Thanks to China's reform and opening-up policy, young people now have more chances to travel abroad and understand the differences between China and other countries," she explains.
During her time in the US, Jiang noticed many local media reports were biased(有偏见的) and based on old views. "If they travelled widely in China, they would see how much the country has changed over the past 10 or 20 years," she adds.
Over the last ten years, China has introduced a series of policies, from the central to local levels, to create better living conditions for returning overseas students.
(
D
)4. According to Jiang Yumeng, what advantage does China have?A. Fair local media reports.
B. High university positions.
C. Easier job chances for international students.
D. Convenient food delivery and online shopping.
(
A
)5. What does the underlined word "those" in the first paragraph refer to?A. Jobs.
B. Majors for international students.
C. Online shopping services in China.
D. Chances to travel abroad.
(
A
)6. What does the underlined word "domestic" mean in the third passage?A. Home.
B. Urban.
C. Boring.
D. Popular.
(
D
)7. What is the main idea of this passage?A. More Chinese students are studying abroad.
B. Some international students are looking for jobs in China.
C. More Chinese graduates are looking for jobs in foreign countries.
D. Returning overseas students are choosing to realize their dreams in China.
答案:4. D 【点拨】根据第一段中“In China, ordering food and shopping online are fast and affordable”可知选 D。
5. A 【点拨】根据“it's more difficult to find jobs as good as those in China”可知,those 指代前文提到的“jobs”。故选 A。
6. A 【点拨】画线词与 foreign 意思相对,故推测画线单词应该是“国内的”意思。故选 A。
7. D 【点拨】根据第一段中“In recent years, more and more young Chinese students are choosing to return to their homeland after studying abroad to realize their dreams.”并结合全文可知,本文主要介绍了近年来越来越多的中国留学生选择回国实现梦想。故选 D。
5. A 【点拨】根据“it's more difficult to find jobs as good as those in China”可知,those 指代前文提到的“jobs”。故选 A。
6. A 【点拨】画线词与 foreign 意思相对,故推测画线单词应该是“国内的”意思。故选 A。
7. D 【点拨】根据第一段中“In recent years, more and more young Chinese students are choosing to return to their homeland after studying abroad to realize their dreams.”并结合全文可知,本文主要介绍了近年来越来越多的中国留学生选择回国实现梦想。故选 D。
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇人物事例类阅读理解题,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章核心围绕归国留学生在国内逐梦展开,再针对不同题型逐一对应原文定位线索:细节题直接找到人物表述的原文内容匹配选项;指代题结合句子逻辑向前寻找对应的前文名词;词义猜测题利用句中并列的反义提示推导词义;主旨题重点关注首段总起句,结合全文内容排除干扰项即可得到正确答案。
【解析】
4. 细节理解题:定位原文第一段姜雨萌的表述"In China, ordering food and shopping online are fast and affordable",可知中国的优势是外卖和线上购物便捷实惠。逐一排除错误选项:A选项原文提到美国当地媒体报道有偏见,和表述相悖;B选项全文未提及高校高位相关内容;C选项原文表示在国外很难找到和国内一样好的工作,并非国际学生在中国更容易找工作,不符合原文。因此选D。
5. 指代辨析题:原句"it's more difficult to find jobs as good as those in China"的含义是“在国外很难找到和中国的工作一样好的工作”,句中比较的对象是前文出现的jobs,因此those指代的就是工作,选A。
6. 词义猜测题:句中出现"both...and..."并列结构,连接两个修饰地点的形容词,foreign意为“国外的”,二者是对应反义关系,因此domestic的含义是“国内的”,和选项A的Home(引申义为国内的)表意一致,其余选项均不符合逻辑,选A。
7. 主旨大意题:文章首段总起句点明核心主题"In recent years, more and more young Chinese students are choosing to return to their homeland after studying abroad to realize their dreams",全文以姜雨萌的事例展开佐证该主题。排除错误选项:A核心是留学生出国,和原文主题不符;B主体是来华找工作的国际学生,不符合原文归国中国留学生的主体;C表述和原文表意完全相反。因此选D。
【答案】
4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D
【知识点】
细节理解,词义猜测,主旨把握
【点评】
本题属于常规的中学英语阅读考题,考点覆盖了阅读所有高频常规题型,解题时只要养成回原文定位找依据的习惯,利用指代就近原则、反义并列猜词技巧就能快速排除干扰项,整体难度不高,只要细心核对原文基本都能得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇人物事例类阅读理解题,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章核心围绕归国留学生在国内逐梦展开,再针对不同题型逐一对应原文定位线索:细节题直接找到人物表述的原文内容匹配选项;指代题结合句子逻辑向前寻找对应的前文名词;词义猜测题利用句中并列的反义提示推导词义;主旨题重点关注首段总起句,结合全文内容排除干扰项即可得到正确答案。
【解析】
4. 细节理解题:定位原文第一段姜雨萌的表述"In China, ordering food and shopping online are fast and affordable",可知中国的优势是外卖和线上购物便捷实惠。逐一排除错误选项:A选项原文提到美国当地媒体报道有偏见,和表述相悖;B选项全文未提及高校高位相关内容;C选项原文表示在国外很难找到和国内一样好的工作,并非国际学生在中国更容易找工作,不符合原文。因此选D。
5. 指代辨析题:原句"it's more difficult to find jobs as good as those in China"的含义是“在国外很难找到和中国的工作一样好的工作”,句中比较的对象是前文出现的jobs,因此those指代的就是工作,选A。
6. 词义猜测题:句中出现"both...and..."并列结构,连接两个修饰地点的形容词,foreign意为“国外的”,二者是对应反义关系,因此domestic的含义是“国内的”,和选项A的Home(引申义为国内的)表意一致,其余选项均不符合逻辑,选A。
7. 主旨大意题:文章首段总起句点明核心主题"In recent years, more and more young Chinese students are choosing to return to their homeland after studying abroad to realize their dreams",全文以姜雨萌的事例展开佐证该主题。排除错误选项:A核心是留学生出国,和原文主题不符;B主体是来华找工作的国际学生,不符合原文归国中国留学生的主体;C表述和原文表意完全相反。因此选D。
【答案】
4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D
【知识点】
细节理解,词义猜测,主旨把握
【点评】
本题属于常规的中学英语阅读考题,考点覆盖了阅读所有高频常规题型,解题时只要养成回原文定位找依据的习惯,利用指代就近原则、反义并列猜词技巧就能快速排除干扰项,整体难度不高,只要细心核对原文基本都能得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
C(2025·江苏徐州二模)
When you eat something, your stomach breaks down its large molecules(分子) into smaller ones. Many people like to eat pineapples(菠萝). So when you eat pineapples, they can "eat" you by breaking down the molecules in your body. Pineapples have certain enzymes(酶) that can break down proteins(蛋白质). Many smaller molecules like the pearls (珍珠) come together to form the long pearl necklace of a protein. You can cut a necklace with scissors. In the same way, the enzymes in pineapples "cut up" proteins.
All living things have proteins. They are an important part of the cells(细胞) in your body. If an enzyme can break down a protein, it can break down cells as well. So will the cells of your tongue(舌头) when you eat pineapples. This is why your mouth will hurt if you eat too many pineapples.
But luckily, the cells in your tongue cure itself fast. And after you have swallowed the pineapple, the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach. They won't "eat" you any more.
Why do pineapples have these enzymes? Some scientists believe that they are created by the pineapple to prevent animals from eating its fruits before they are ripe(成熟的). Once the fruit is ripe, its enzymes won't hurt an animal's tongue and the fruit will be okay to eat.
Another reason is that the enzymes help the seed(种子) to grow up. They play an important role in sending messages to the cells of the plant. These messages tell the cells when to start and stop growing. Without these enzymes, the seed may not be able to properly develop.
(
A. scissors
B. necklaces
C. proteins
D. pearls
(
A. The meat went bad so he it out after he tasted it.
B. This kind of pill should be whole, with some warm water.
C. The blackboard should be by the students on duty before class.
D. The stars from behind the clouds, shining directly into my house.
(
A. When the pineapple "beats" stomach
B. What the important body part is
C. Why the pineapple has enzymes
D. When people eat a pineapple
(
A. Proteins play the most important role in the body.
B. Some fruits have certain self-protection skills.
C. Pineapples are not healthy fruit.
D. Enzymes are harmful to pineapples.
When you eat something, your stomach breaks down its large molecules(分子) into smaller ones. Many people like to eat pineapples(菠萝). So when you eat pineapples, they can "eat" you by breaking down the molecules in your body. Pineapples have certain enzymes(酶) that can break down proteins(蛋白质). Many smaller molecules like the pearls (珍珠) come together to form the long pearl necklace of a protein. You can cut a necklace with scissors. In the same way, the enzymes in pineapples "cut up" proteins.
All living things have proteins. They are an important part of the cells(细胞) in your body. If an enzyme can break down a protein, it can break down cells as well. So will the cells of your tongue(舌头) when you eat pineapples. This is why your mouth will hurt if you eat too many pineapples.
But luckily, the cells in your tongue cure itself fast. And after you have swallowed the pineapple, the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach. They won't "eat" you any more.
Why do pineapples have these enzymes? Some scientists believe that they are created by the pineapple to prevent animals from eating its fruits before they are ripe(成熟的). Once the fruit is ripe, its enzymes won't hurt an animal's tongue and the fruit will be okay to eat.
Another reason is that the enzymes help the seed(种子) to grow up. They play an important role in sending messages to the cells of the plant. These messages tell the cells when to start and stop growing. Without these enzymes, the seed may not be able to properly develop.
(
A
)8. In Paragraph 1, the enzymes in pineapples are compared to(被比作) scissors
.A. scissors
B. necklaces
C. proteins
D. pearls
(
B
)9. The underlined word "swallowed" in Paragraph 3 can be put in Sentence B
.A. The meat went bad so he it out after he tasted it.
B. This kind of pill should be whole, with some warm water.
C. The blackboard should be by the students on duty before class.
D. The stars from behind the clouds, shining directly into my house.
(
C
)10. According to the passage, what can be put in the blank to complete the following mind map?A. When the pineapple "beats" stomach
B. What the important body part is
C. Why the pineapple has enzymes
D. When people eat a pineapple
(
B
)11. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?A. Proteins play the most important role in the body.
B. Some fruits have certain self-protection skills.
C. Pineapples are not healthy fruit.
D. Enzymes are harmful to pineapples.
答案:8. A 【点拨】根据第一段中“You can cut a necklace with scissors. In the same way, the enzymes in pineapples ‘cut up’ proteins.”可知选 A。
9. B 【点拨】根据第三段中“And after you have swallowed the pineapple, the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach.”可推知,画线词表示“吞下”。故选 B。
10. C 【点拨】通读全文可知,文章开头引入主题,介绍菠萝中的酶能够分解蛋白质;接着是主体部分,第二、三段介绍了菠萝如何“吃掉”你,最后两段介绍了菠萝为何含有酶。故选 C。
11. B 【点拨】根据第四段内容可知,一些水果有某些自我保护技能。故选 B。
9. B 【点拨】根据第三段中“And after you have swallowed the pineapple, the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach.”可推知,画线词表示“吞下”。故选 B。
10. C 【点拨】通读全文可知,文章开头引入主题,介绍菠萝中的酶能够分解蛋白质;接着是主体部分,第二、三段介绍了菠萝如何“吃掉”你,最后两段介绍了菠萝为何含有酶。故选 C。
11. B 【点拨】根据第四段内容可知,一些水果有某些自我保护技能。故选 B。
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解,解题时首先通读全文理清文章的行文逻辑:首先引入菠萝特殊的性质,再分两个板块展开主体内容。逐题思考路径如下:1. 第8题属于细节修辞判断题,直接定位第一段相关比喻描述即可找到对应答案;2. 第9题是词义猜测题,先结合上下文语境推测出划线词的含义,再逐一匹配四个选项的语境,选出语义适配的选项;3. 第10题是篇章结构梳理题,对照思维导图的已有内容,对应文章剩余段落的核心主题,选出匹配的分支标题;4. 第11题是推理判断题,逐一比对每个选项和原文信息,排除不符合原文逻辑的错误选项,得到正确推断。
【解析】
8. 定位原文第一段最后两句:"You can cut a necklace with scissors. In the same way, the enzymes in pineapples 'cut up' proteins.",可知作者将菠萝中可以切碎蛋白质的酶比作可以剪断项链的剪刀,因此选A。
9. 根据第三段语境"And after you have swallowed the pineapple, the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach.",可推断划线词swallowed含义为“吞下、吞咽”。逐一匹配选项:A选项语境为肉变质后尝了就吐出来,不符合“吞下”的语义;B选项语境为药片需要就着温水整片吞下,完全匹配swallowed的含义;C选项语境为值日学生课前擦黑板,语义不符;D选项语境为星星从云层后出现,语义不符,因此选B。
10. 梳理全文结构:引入部分点出菠萝可以“吃掉”人的特殊性质,主体第一个分支对应1-3段内容,介绍菠萝如何“吃掉”你;文章最后两段的核心内容是解释菠萝为什么会生成这类特殊的酶,对应空缺的分支主题,因此选C。
11. 逐一判断选项:A选项原文仅提到蛋白质是人体细胞的重要组成部分,并未说明它是人体中最重要的物质,表述错误;B选项原文第四段提到菠萝生成这类酶是为了避免动物在果实未成熟时啃食它,属于水果的自我保护机制,可以推断出部分水果拥有特定的自我保护技能,表述正确;C选项原文仅说明过量食用菠萝会刺激口腔,进入胃部后酶就会被分解,并未说明菠萝是不健康的水果,表述错误;D选项原文最后一段提到这类酶可以帮助菠萝种子生长,对菠萝本身是有益的,表述错误。因此选B。
【答案】
8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B
【知识点】
细节信息查找,词义猜测,篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选取贴近生活的科普类文本,题目设置梯度合理,从基础的细节定位能力考察,逐步升级到对词义理解、整体行文逻辑把握、合理推断能力的考察,符合初中英语阅读理解的常规出题思路,能有效检验学生的综合阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解,解题时首先通读全文理清文章的行文逻辑:首先引入菠萝特殊的性质,再分两个板块展开主体内容。逐题思考路径如下:1. 第8题属于细节修辞判断题,直接定位第一段相关比喻描述即可找到对应答案;2. 第9题是词义猜测题,先结合上下文语境推测出划线词的含义,再逐一匹配四个选项的语境,选出语义适配的选项;3. 第10题是篇章结构梳理题,对照思维导图的已有内容,对应文章剩余段落的核心主题,选出匹配的分支标题;4. 第11题是推理判断题,逐一比对每个选项和原文信息,排除不符合原文逻辑的错误选项,得到正确推断。
【解析】
8. 定位原文第一段最后两句:"You can cut a necklace with scissors. In the same way, the enzymes in pineapples 'cut up' proteins.",可知作者将菠萝中可以切碎蛋白质的酶比作可以剪断项链的剪刀,因此选A。
9. 根据第三段语境"And after you have swallowed the pineapple, the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach.",可推断划线词swallowed含义为“吞下、吞咽”。逐一匹配选项:A选项语境为肉变质后尝了就吐出来,不符合“吞下”的语义;B选项语境为药片需要就着温水整片吞下,完全匹配swallowed的含义;C选项语境为值日学生课前擦黑板,语义不符;D选项语境为星星从云层后出现,语义不符,因此选B。
10. 梳理全文结构:引入部分点出菠萝可以“吃掉”人的特殊性质,主体第一个分支对应1-3段内容,介绍菠萝如何“吃掉”你;文章最后两段的核心内容是解释菠萝为什么会生成这类特殊的酶,对应空缺的分支主题,因此选C。
11. 逐一判断选项:A选项原文仅提到蛋白质是人体细胞的重要组成部分,并未说明它是人体中最重要的物质,表述错误;B选项原文第四段提到菠萝生成这类酶是为了避免动物在果实未成熟时啃食它,属于水果的自我保护机制,可以推断出部分水果拥有特定的自我保护技能,表述正确;C选项原文仅说明过量食用菠萝会刺激口腔,进入胃部后酶就会被分解,并未说明菠萝是不健康的水果,表述错误;D选项原文最后一段提到这类酶可以帮助菠萝种子生长,对菠萝本身是有益的,表述错误。因此选B。
【答案】
8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B
【知识点】
细节信息查找,词义猜测,篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选取贴近生活的科普类文本,题目设置梯度合理,从基础的细节定位能力考察,逐步升级到对词义理解、整体行文逻辑把握、合理推断能力的考察,符合初中英语阅读理解的常规出题思路,能有效检验学生的综合阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.7