四、完形填空。〔人与自然——环境保护〕
Today I'm here to talk about noise pollution. Not all noise is noise pollution. Noise becomes noise pollution 1 it's loud，when it's not 2 and when it gets to harm humans' and animals' life.
Examples of noise pollution 3 the sounds of cars，buses，lorries，trains and planes. When you stand near a bus，sometimes the noise can hurt your 4. And people living near airports often find it difficult to sleep. Noise pollution 5 from machines as well. We often use very noisy machines around the houses or at the workplaces. Factory noise is 6 a big problem. Finally，sometimes loud 7，such as the music from a club or from your next-door neighbour，can be a form of noise pollution.
We might think that noise pollution is just a small problem，8 in fact it can be 9. Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution. What's 10，when people lose sleep because of noise pollution，they become careless. This can 11 accidents，and people can get hurt or even be killed. Finally，noise pollution 12 people feel stressed(焦虑的). This can lead to heart disease.
What can we do with the problem of noise pollution? We need 13 laws against loud noise. The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports to 14 people from the noise. Finally，we can all help with the problem of noise pollution by 15 our radios，and using a softer voice when we talk.
1. A. as
B. while
C. after
D. when
2. A. exciting
B. proud
C. similar
D. necessary
3. A. reduce
B. include
C. copy
D. display
4. A. ears
B. eyes
C. hands
D. legs
5. A. rises
B. moves
C. comes
D. returns
6. A. too
B. also
C. either
D. neither
7. A. power
B. music
C. programmes
D. speeches
8. A. because
B. so
C. moreover
D. but
9. A. dangerous
B. safe
C. comfortable
D. uncomfortable
10. A. much
B. less
C. worse
D. better
11. A. cause
B. stop
C. watch
D. forget
12. A. allows
B. produces
C. makes
D. causes
13. A. weaker
B. stronger
C. fewer
D. bigger
14. A. prevent
B. provide
C. practice
D. protect
15. A. putting away
B. turning down
C. looking up
D. picking up
Today I'm here to talk about noise pollution. Not all noise is noise pollution. Noise becomes noise pollution 1 it's loud，when it's not 2 and when it gets to harm humans' and animals' life.
Examples of noise pollution 3 the sounds of cars，buses，lorries，trains and planes. When you stand near a bus，sometimes the noise can hurt your 4. And people living near airports often find it difficult to sleep. Noise pollution 5 from machines as well. We often use very noisy machines around the houses or at the workplaces. Factory noise is 6 a big problem. Finally，sometimes loud 7，such as the music from a club or from your next-door neighbour，can be a form of noise pollution.
We might think that noise pollution is just a small problem，8 in fact it can be 9. Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution. What's 10，when people lose sleep because of noise pollution，they become careless. This can 11 accidents，and people can get hurt or even be killed. Finally，noise pollution 12 people feel stressed(焦虑的). This can lead to heart disease.
What can we do with the problem of noise pollution? We need 13 laws against loud noise. The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports to 14 people from the noise. Finally，we can all help with the problem of noise pollution by 15 our radios，and using a softer voice when we talk.
1. A. as
B. while
C. after
D. when
2. A. exciting
B. proud
C. similar
D. necessary
3. A. reduce
B. include
C. copy
D. display
4. A. ears
B. eyes
C. hands
D. legs
5. A. rises
B. moves
C. comes
D. returns
6. A. too
B. also
C. either
D. neither
7. A. power
B. music
C. programmes
D. speeches
8. A. because
B. so
C. moreover
D. but
9. A. dangerous
B. safe
C. comfortable
D. uncomfortable
10. A. much
B. less
C. worse
D. better
11. A. cause
B. stop
C. watch
D. forget
12. A. allows
B. produces
C. makes
D. causes
13. A. weaker
B. stronger
C. fewer
D. bigger
14. A. prevent
B. provide
C. practice
D. protect
15. A. putting away
B. turning down
C. looking up
D. picking up
答案：四、1~5. DDBAC 6~10. BBDAC 11~15. ACBDB
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇主题为环境保护的说明文类完形填空，核心围绕噪音污染展开，依次介绍了噪音污染的定义、来源、危害和治理措施。解题时首先要通读全文把握整体主旨，之后逐空结合三类线索推导答案：一是观察前后文的并列句式、举例提示等上下文信息，二是辨析选项词汇的语义和适用场景，三是调用积累的常用固定搭配，排除不符合语境的错误选项，就能顺利选出所有正确答案。
【解析】
1. 观察后文并列结构"when it gets to harm humans' and animals' life"，前后句式保持一致，都用when引导条件，句意为“当噪音音量大、非必要且危害人和动物生活时，它就成为噪音污染”，选D。
2. 结合语境，只有非必要的大音量噪音才属于污染，necessary表示“必要的”，符合语义，选D。
3. 句意为“噪音污染的例子包含汽车、公交、货车、火车和飞机的声响”，include表示“包含”，符合语境，选B。
4. 噪音直接伤害的是人的耳朵，ears符合常识，选A。
5. 固定搭配come from表示“来自”，句意为“噪音污染也来自各类机器”，选C。
6. 肯定句句中表示“也”要用also；too多用于肯定句句末，either多用于否定句句末，neither表示“都不”，均不符合用法，选B。
7. 后文举例俱乐部、邻居家的音乐，对应空格处指吵闹的音乐，music符合提示，选B。
8. 前半句“我们可能觉得噪音污染只是小问题”和后半句“实际上它非常危险”是转折关系，用but连接，选D。
9. 后文提到有人因噪音污染失聪、甚至出现致死事故，说明噪音污染是很危险的，dangerous符合语义，选A。
10. 固定短语what's worse表示“更糟糕的是”，用于递进引出更严重的危害，符合语境，选C。
11. 前文提到人们因为噪音污染失眠变得粗心，这会引发事故，cause表示“导致、引发”，符合语义，选A。
12. 固定结构make sb + adj. 表示“让某人处于某种状态”，句意为“噪音污染让人们感到焦虑”，选C。
13. 治理噪音污染需要更严格、力度更强的反噪音法律，stronger表示“更强的、更严格的”，符合语境，选B。
14. 固定搭配protect sb from sth表示“保护某人免受某物的伤害”，句意为政府需要在道路和机场旁修建围挡，保护人们免受噪音侵扰，选D。
15. 减少噪音污染的做法是把收音机的音量调小，turn down表示“调小（音量）”，符合语义，选B。
【答案】
1~5. DDBAC 6~10. BBDAC 11~15. ACBDB
【知识点】
词义辨析，固定搭配，上下文逻辑
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规难度的完形填空，主题贴合课标要求的人与自然环保类话题，考点覆盖核心动词、形容词、副词词义辨析，初中阶段高频固定搭配，以及基础句间逻辑判断，绝大多数空格都有明确的上下文提示，学生解题时切忌脱离全文孤立选词，要先通读把握主旨，再结合前后文的线索验证选项，平时多积累高频短语的用法就能轻松应对这类题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇主题为环境保护的说明文类完形填空，核心围绕噪音污染展开，依次介绍了噪音污染的定义、来源、危害和治理措施。解题时首先要通读全文把握整体主旨，之后逐空结合三类线索推导答案：一是观察前后文的并列句式、举例提示等上下文信息，二是辨析选项词汇的语义和适用场景，三是调用积累的常用固定搭配，排除不符合语境的错误选项，就能顺利选出所有正确答案。
【解析】
1. 观察后文并列结构"when it gets to harm humans' and animals' life"，前后句式保持一致，都用when引导条件，句意为“当噪音音量大、非必要且危害人和动物生活时，它就成为噪音污染”，选D。
2. 结合语境，只有非必要的大音量噪音才属于污染，necessary表示“必要的”，符合语义，选D。
3. 句意为“噪音污染的例子包含汽车、公交、货车、火车和飞机的声响”，include表示“包含”，符合语境，选B。
4. 噪音直接伤害的是人的耳朵，ears符合常识，选A。
5. 固定搭配come from表示“来自”，句意为“噪音污染也来自各类机器”，选C。
6. 肯定句句中表示“也”要用also；too多用于肯定句句末，either多用于否定句句末，neither表示“都不”，均不符合用法，选B。
7. 后文举例俱乐部、邻居家的音乐，对应空格处指吵闹的音乐，music符合提示，选B。
8. 前半句“我们可能觉得噪音污染只是小问题”和后半句“实际上它非常危险”是转折关系，用but连接，选D。
9. 后文提到有人因噪音污染失聪、甚至出现致死事故，说明噪音污染是很危险的，dangerous符合语义，选A。
10. 固定短语what's worse表示“更糟糕的是”，用于递进引出更严重的危害，符合语境，选C。
11. 前文提到人们因为噪音污染失眠变得粗心，这会引发事故，cause表示“导致、引发”，符合语义，选A。
12. 固定结构make sb + adj. 表示“让某人处于某种状态”，句意为“噪音污染让人们感到焦虑”，选C。
13. 治理噪音污染需要更严格、力度更强的反噪音法律，stronger表示“更强的、更严格的”，符合语境，选B。
14. 固定搭配protect sb from sth表示“保护某人免受某物的伤害”，句意为政府需要在道路和机场旁修建围挡，保护人们免受噪音侵扰，选D。
15. 减少噪音污染的做法是把收音机的音量调小，turn down表示“调小（音量）”，符合语义，选B。
【答案】
1~5. DDBAC 6~10. BBDAC 11~15. ACBDB
【知识点】
词义辨析，固定搭配，上下文逻辑
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规难度的完形填空，主题贴合课标要求的人与自然环保类话题，考点覆盖核心动词、形容词、副词词义辨析，初中阶段高频固定搭配，以及基础句间逻辑判断，绝大多数空格都有明确的上下文提示，学生解题时切忌脱离全文孤立选词，要先通读把握主旨，再结合前后文的线索验证选项，平时多积累高频短语的用法就能轻松应对这类题型。
【难度系数】
0.7