五、阅读与回答问题。〔人与自然——环境保护〕
In many countries of the world people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish. We don't want our world to become a big landfill site(垃圾填埋场).”
In Ireland the government was worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002 Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping.
Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the country.
One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. It is a good idea because it recycles useful things.
Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important answers to the problem of rubbish.
1. When did people start to stop making plastic bags in Zanzibar?
2. Who buys or sells things through Freecycle?
3. What do people think of recycling according to the passage?
4. What did the Irish government ask people to do?
5. What do you often do to deal with the problem of rubbish?(请自拟一句话作答)
In many countries of the world people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish. We don't want our world to become a big landfill site(垃圾填埋场).”
In Ireland the government was worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002 Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping.
Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the country.
One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. It is a good idea because it recycles useful things.
Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important answers to the problem of rubbish.
1. When did people start to stop making plastic bags in Zanzibar?
In 2006.
2. Who buys or sells things through Freecycle?
Nobody.
3. What do people think of recycling according to the passage?
They think recycling is important and sometimes exciting.
4. What did the Irish government ask people to do?
The Irish government asked people to pay for plastic bags.
5. What do you often do to deal with the problem of rubbish?(请自拟一句话作答)
I often recycle the useful part of the rubbish.（答案不唯一，符合情理即可）
答案：1. In 2006. 2. Nobody. 3. They think recycling is important and sometimes exciting. 4. The Irish government asked people to pay for plastic bags. 5. I often recycle the useful part of the rubbish.（答案不唯一，符合情理即可）
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇以环境保护为主题的阅读理解问答题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章介绍各国垃圾治理、资源回收相关举措的主旨，之后带着每道题的核心关键词回到原文精准定位，直接提取对应信息就能得到前4道题的答案，最后一道开放题结合自身日常处理垃圾的合理环保行为组织语言，表述通顺符合情理即可，整体解题不需要复杂推导，核心是快速定位原文有效信息。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第三段内容"In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags."，可直接提取到对应的时间信息。
2. 定位原文第四段关于Freecycle的介绍部分"Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them."，可直接得到该问题的对应结果。
3. 定位原文最后一段首句"Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer."，整合语句即可得到人们对回收的看法。
4. 定位原文第二段首句"In Ireland the government was worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them."，转换为符合问句语境的表达即可。
5. 本题为开放性试题，作答内容符合日常处理垃圾的环保行为、表述通顺即可，例如做好垃圾分类、重复利用可回收物品等相关表述都符合要求。
【答案】
1. In 2006.
2. Nobody.
3. They think recycling is important and sometimes exciting.
4. The Irish government asked people to pay for plastic bags.
5. I often recycle the useful part of the rubbish.（答案不唯一，符合情理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，信息提取整合，环保话题表达
【点评】
本题难度较低，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中定位获取，既考察了学生的阅读信息查找、提取整合能力，也通过环保主题的内容引导学生树立正确的环保意识，符合学科育人的要求。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇以环境保护为主题的阅读理解问答题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章介绍各国垃圾治理、资源回收相关举措的主旨，之后带着每道题的核心关键词回到原文精准定位，直接提取对应信息就能得到前4道题的答案，最后一道开放题结合自身日常处理垃圾的合理环保行为组织语言，表述通顺符合情理即可，整体解题不需要复杂推导，核心是快速定位原文有效信息。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第三段内容"In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags."，可直接提取到对应的时间信息。
2. 定位原文第四段关于Freecycle的介绍部分"Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them."，可直接得到该问题的对应结果。
3. 定位原文最后一段首句"Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer."，整合语句即可得到人们对回收的看法。
4. 定位原文第二段首句"In Ireland the government was worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them."，转换为符合问句语境的表达即可。
5. 本题为开放性试题，作答内容符合日常处理垃圾的环保行为、表述通顺即可，例如做好垃圾分类、重复利用可回收物品等相关表述都符合要求。
【答案】
1. In 2006.
2. Nobody.
3. They think recycling is important and sometimes exciting.
4. The Irish government asked people to pay for plastic bags.
5. I often recycle the useful part of the rubbish.（答案不唯一，符合情理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，信息提取整合，环保话题表达
【点评】
本题难度较低，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中定位获取，既考察了学生的阅读信息查找、提取整合能力，也通过环保主题的内容引导学生树立正确的环保意识，符合学科育人的要求。
【难度系数】
0.8