三、阅读理解
Hulun Buir Grassland is located in Hailaer in the north-east of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) in China. The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west, with a total area of about 100,000 square kilometres. It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world. Hulun Buir Grassland is the best grassland in China, with more than 500 lakes and over 3,000 rivers. It is home to over 120 pastures (牧场) and more than 1,300 kinds of plants.
Hulun Buir Grassland is named after Hulun Lake and Buir Lake. The Hulun Lake is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China. Buir Lake is south of it. Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia. There is a story of two young Mongolian lovers named Hulun and Buir. They saved the grassland from evil spirits (恶灵). The local people named the lakes and the grassland after them because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom.
Besides its beautiful landscape, the Hulun Buir Grassland also produces meat, milk, fur and other livestock products. As the birthplace of Genghis Khan (成吉思汗), it is also a world-famous place of interest.
() 1. What is Hulun Buir Grassland's terrain like?
A. It is flat from the north to the south.
B. It is high in the west and low in the east.
C. It is high in the east and low in the west.
D. It has many mountains in the western part.
() 2. What can we learn about Hulun Buir Grassland from paragraph 1?
A. It is in the south-east of Inner Mongolia.
B. It has less than 3,700 rivers and 400 lakes.
C. It has an area of 120,000 square kilometres.
D. It is one of the world's four biggest grasslands.
() 3. What may the underlined word "boundary" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. A line.
B. A river.
C. A name.
D. A hill.
() 4. Which of the words can best describe (描述) Hulun and Buir?
A. Lovely and hard-working.
B. Brave and clever.
C. Lonely but cheerful.
D. Lazy but creative.
() 5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The history of Hulun Buir Grassland.
B. More information on Hulun Buir Grassland.
C. The special landscape of Hulun Buir Grassland.
D. The livestock on Hulun Buir Grassland.
Hulun Buir Grassland is located in Hailaer in the north-east of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) in China. The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west, with a total area of about 100,000 square kilometres. It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world. Hulun Buir Grassland is the best grassland in China, with more than 500 lakes and over 3,000 rivers. It is home to over 120 pastures (牧场) and more than 1,300 kinds of plants.
Hulun Buir Grassland is named after Hulun Lake and Buir Lake. The Hulun Lake is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China. Buir Lake is south of it. Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia. There is a story of two young Mongolian lovers named Hulun and Buir. They saved the grassland from evil spirits (恶灵). The local people named the lakes and the grassland after them because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom.
Besides its beautiful landscape, the Hulun Buir Grassland also produces meat, milk, fur and other livestock products. As the birthplace of Genghis Khan (成吉思汗), it is also a world-famous place of interest.
() 1. What is Hulun Buir Grassland's terrain like?
A. It is flat from the north to the south.
B. It is high in the west and low in the east.
C. It is high in the east and low in the west.
D. It has many mountains in the western part.
() 2. What can we learn about Hulun Buir Grassland from paragraph 1?
A. It is in the south-east of Inner Mongolia.
B. It has less than 3,700 rivers and 400 lakes.
C. It has an area of 120,000 square kilometres.
D. It is one of the world's four biggest grasslands.
() 3. What may the underlined word "boundary" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. A line.
B. A river.
C. A name.
D. A hill.
() 4. Which of the words can best describe (描述) Hulun and Buir?
A. Lovely and hard-working.
B. Brave and clever.
C. Lonely but cheerful.
D. Lazy but creative.
() 5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The history of Hulun Buir Grassland.
B. More information on Hulun Buir Grassland.
C. The special landscape of Hulun Buir Grassland.
D. The livestock on Hulun Buir Grassland.
答案：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B
解析：
1. 细节理解题。根据原文第一段第二句“The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west”，可知呼伦贝尔草原的地势东高西低，对应正确选项C。
2. 细节理解题。逐一核对第一段内容：A选项草原位于内蒙古东北部而非东南部，表述错误；B选项草原拥有500多个湖泊、3000多条河流，和选项描述不符，错误；C选项草原总面积约10万平方公里，不是12万，表述错误；D选项对应原文第一段“It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world”，表述正确。
3. 词义猜测题。根据后文“between China and Mongolia”可知这个湖是中蒙两国的分界湖，划线词boundary意为边界、界线，和A选项“A line（一条界线）”含义匹配。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The local people named the lakes and the grassland after them because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom”，可知Hulun和Buir兼具勇气和智慧，对应B选项“Brave and clever（勇敢又聪慧）”。
5. 段落大意题。最后一段既介绍了呼伦贝尔草原的畜牧产品产出，也补充说明它是成吉思汗的出生地、世界知名景点，是对呼伦贝尔草原更多相关信息的补充介绍，A、C、D选项的描述都过于片面，只有B符合段落主旨。
2. 细节理解题。逐一核对第一段内容：A选项草原位于内蒙古东北部而非东南部，表述错误；B选项草原拥有500多个湖泊、3000多条河流，和选项描述不符，错误；C选项草原总面积约10万平方公里，不是12万，表述错误；D选项对应原文第一段“It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world”，表述正确。
3. 词义猜测题。根据后文“between China and Mongolia”可知这个湖是中蒙两国的分界湖，划线词boundary意为边界、界线，和A选项“A line（一条界线）”含义匹配。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The local people named the lakes and the grassland after them because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom”，可知Hulun和Buir兼具勇气和智慧，对应B选项“Brave and clever（勇敢又聪慧）”。
5. 段落大意题。最后一段既介绍了呼伦贝尔草原的畜牧产品产出，也补充说明它是成吉思汗的出生地、世界知名景点，是对呼伦贝尔草原更多相关信息的补充介绍，A、C、D选项的描述都过于片面，只有B符合段落主旨。
三、阅读理解
Hulun Buir Grassland is located in Hailaer in the north-east of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) in China. The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west, with a total area of about 100,000 square kilometres. It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world. Hulun Buir Grassland is the best grassland in China, with more than 500 lakes and over 3,000 rivers. It is home to over 120 pastures (牧场) and more than 1,300 kinds of plants.
Hulun Buir Grassland is named after Hulun Lake and Buir Lake. The Hulun Lake is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China. Buir Lake is south of it. Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia. There is a story of two young Mongolian lovers named Hulun and Buir. They saved the grassland from evil spirits (恶灵). The local people named the lakes and the grassland after them because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom.
Besides its beautiful landscape, the Hulun Buir Grassland also produces meat, milk, fur and other livestock products. As the birthplace of Genghis Khan (成吉思汗), it is also a world-famous place of interest.
() 1. What is Hulun Buir Grassland's terrain like?
A. It is flat from the north to the south.
B. It is high in the west and low in the east.
C. It is high in the east and low in the west.
D. It has many mountains in the western part.
() 2. What can we learn about Hulun Buir Grassland from paragraph 1?
A. It is in the south-east of Inner Mongolia.
B. It has less than 3,700 rivers and 400 lakes.
C. It has an area of 120,000 square kilometres.
D. It is one of the world's four biggest grasslands.
() 3. What may the underlined word "boundary" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. A line.
B. A river.
C. A name.
D. A hill.
() 4. Which of the words can best describe (描述) Hulun and Buir?
A. Lovely and hard-working.
B. Brave and clever.
C. Lonely but cheerful.
D. Lazy but creative.
() 5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The history of Hulun Buir Grassland.
B. More information on Hulun Buir Grassland.
C. The special landscape of Hulun Buir Grassland.
D. The livestock on Hulun Buir Grassland.
Hulun Buir Grassland is located in Hailaer in the north-east of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) in China. The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west, with a total area of about 100,000 square kilometres. It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world. Hulun Buir Grassland is the best grassland in China, with more than 500 lakes and over 3,000 rivers. It is home to over 120 pastures (牧场) and more than 1,300 kinds of plants.
Hulun Buir Grassland is named after Hulun Lake and Buir Lake. The Hulun Lake is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China. Buir Lake is south of it. Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia. There is a story of two young Mongolian lovers named Hulun and Buir. They saved the grassland from evil spirits (恶灵). The local people named the lakes and the grassland after them because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom.
Besides its beautiful landscape, the Hulun Buir Grassland also produces meat, milk, fur and other livestock products. As the birthplace of Genghis Khan (成吉思汗), it is also a world-famous place of interest.
() 1. What is Hulun Buir Grassland's terrain like?
A. It is flat from the north to the south.
B. It is high in the west and low in the east.
C. It is high in the east and low in the west.
D. It has many mountains in the western part.
() 2. What can we learn about Hulun Buir Grassland from paragraph 1?
A. It is in the south-east of Inner Mongolia.
B. It has less than 3,700 rivers and 400 lakes.
C. It has an area of 120,000 square kilometres.
D. It is one of the world's four biggest grasslands.
() 3. What may the underlined word "boundary" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. A line.
B. A river.
C. A name.
D. A hill.
() 4. Which of the words can best describe (描述) Hulun and Buir?
A. Lovely and hard-working.
B. Brave and clever.
C. Lonely but cheerful.
D. Lazy but creative.
() 5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The history of Hulun Buir Grassland.
B. More information on Hulun Buir Grassland.
C. The special landscape of Hulun Buir Grassland.
D. The livestock on Hulun Buir Grassland.
答案：C
D
A
B
B
【分析】
这是一篇介绍呼伦贝尔草原的阅读理解题，解题时需采用“定位原文，逐一比对”的思路：
1. 第1题：直接定位到第一段描述地势的句子，提取关键信息匹配选项；
2. 第2题：将每个选项与第一段内容逐一核对，排除与原文不符的选项，锁定正确答案；
3. 第3题：根据上下文“Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia”，结合常识判断“boundary”的含义，边界是一条划分的线，对应选项；
4. 第4题：定位到第二段最后一句关于Hulun和Buir的评价，将“courage”和“wisdom”转化为对应的形容词；
5. 第5题：分析最后一段内容，该段既提到物产，又提到历史文化地位，是对草原的补充介绍，据此判断主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段第二句“The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west”，可知地势东高西低，对应选项C。
2. 第2题：
A选项：原文是“north-east of Inner Mongolia”，并非“south-east”，错误；
B选项：原文是“more than 500 lakes and over 3,000 rivers”，并非“less than 3,700 rivers and 400 lakes”，错误；
C选项：原文是“about 100,000 square kilometres”，并非“120,000 square kilometres”，错误；
D选项：第一段第三句提到“It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world”，与选项一致，正确。
3. 第3题：根据“Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia”，可知贝尔湖是中蒙之间的边界湖，“boundary”意为“边界；界线”，对应选项A。
4. 第4题：第二段最后一句提到“because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom”，courage对应brave，wisdom对应clever，所以选B。
5. 第5题：最后一段提到草原的物产（meat, milk, fur等）和历史文化地位（birthplace of Genghis Khan, world-famous place of interest），是对呼伦贝尔草原的更多信息补充，对应选项B。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. B
【知识点】
1. 细节理解
2. 词义猜测
3. 主旨大意
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕呼伦贝尔草原展开，考查了细节查找、词义推断和主旨归纳等核心阅读能力。题目设置贴合文本内容，需要学生精准定位原文信息，同时具备一定的词汇转化和归纳能力，能有效检验学生的基础阅读素养。
【难度系数】
0.7
D
A
B
B
【分析】
这是一篇介绍呼伦贝尔草原的阅读理解题，解题时需采用“定位原文，逐一比对”的思路：
1. 第1题：直接定位到第一段描述地势的句子，提取关键信息匹配选项；
2. 第2题：将每个选项与第一段内容逐一核对，排除与原文不符的选项，锁定正确答案；
3. 第3题：根据上下文“Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia”，结合常识判断“boundary”的含义，边界是一条划分的线，对应选项；
4. 第4题：定位到第二段最后一句关于Hulun和Buir的评价，将“courage”和“wisdom”转化为对应的形容词；
5. 第5题：分析最后一段内容，该段既提到物产，又提到历史文化地位，是对草原的补充介绍，据此判断主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段第二句“The terrain (地势) of Hulun Buir Grassland is high in the east and low in the west”，可知地势东高西低，对应选项C。
2. 第2题：
A选项：原文是“north-east of Inner Mongolia”，并非“south-east”，错误；
B选项：原文是“more than 500 lakes and over 3,000 rivers”，并非“less than 3,700 rivers and 400 lakes”，错误；
C选项：原文是“about 100,000 square kilometres”，并非“120,000 square kilometres”，错误；
D选项：第一段第三句提到“It is one of the four biggest grasslands in the world”，与选项一致，正确。
3. 第3题：根据“Buir Lake is the boundary lake between China and Mongolia”，可知贝尔湖是中蒙之间的边界湖，“boundary”意为“边界；界线”，对应选项A。
4. 第4题：第二段最后一句提到“because of their courage (勇气) and wisdom”，courage对应brave，wisdom对应clever，所以选B。
5. 第5题：最后一段提到草原的物产（meat, milk, fur等）和历史文化地位（birthplace of Genghis Khan, world-famous place of interest），是对呼伦贝尔草原的更多信息补充，对应选项B。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. B
【知识点】
1. 细节理解
2. 词义猜测
3. 主旨大意
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕呼伦贝尔草原展开，考查了细节查找、词义推断和主旨归纳等核心阅读能力。题目设置贴合文本内容，需要学生精准定位原文信息，同时具备一定的词汇转化和归纳能力，能有效检验学生的基础阅读素养。
【难度系数】
0.7
四、信息还原
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Many civilizations (文明) rose along big rivers. Even now many cities are still built near rivers. Why do people like to live near a river? Maybe the following points can give you some ideas.
How did rivers help people live in the past?
Back in the pioneer (拓荒者) days, people had to grow crops, catch fish and collect water for living. 1 Many traders (商人) also shipped goods (货物) from one area to another on rivers.
Why do people live near rivers now?
Many factories are built right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work. 2 Rivers are also used to ship large goods. So people who carry goods onto ships live near rivers, too.
3
Some people are afraid of living near rivers because of floods. Floodwaters rise higher than a house, destroying many things in the house. 4 Such waste makes water smell bad and pollutes (污染) the food we eat.
How do people decide where to live?
5 Rivers can provide jobs and fun activities in a beautiful place. However, those people living by rivers should be willing to accept (接受) possible problems as well.
A. People liked to live on big ships.
B. Then many workers of these factories live nearby.
C. Who wouldn't want to live near rivers?
D. Some factories put their waste into rivers.
E. Staying close to a river made it easy to do these things.
F. People should think over before deciding where to live.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Many civilizations (文明) rose along big rivers. Even now many cities are still built near rivers. Why do people like to live near a river? Maybe the following points can give you some ideas.
How did rivers help people live in the past?
Back in the pioneer (拓荒者) days, people had to grow crops, catch fish and collect water for living. 1 Many traders (商人) also shipped goods (货物) from one area to another on rivers.
Why do people live near rivers now?
Many factories are built right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work. 2 Rivers are also used to ship large goods. So people who carry goods onto ships live near rivers, too.
3
Some people are afraid of living near rivers because of floods. Floodwaters rise higher than a house, destroying many things in the house. 4 Such waste makes water smell bad and pollutes (污染) the food we eat.
How do people decide where to live?
5 Rivers can provide jobs and fun activities in a beautiful place. However, those people living by rivers should be willing to accept (接受) possible problems as well.
A. People liked to live on big ships.
B. Then many workers of these factories live nearby.
C. Who wouldn't want to live near rivers?
D. Some factories put their waste into rivers.
E. Staying close to a river made it easy to do these things.
F. People should think over before deciding where to live.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：1.E 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.F
解析：
我们结合上下文逻辑和关键词指代关系逐空分析：
1. 空前句提到拓荒时期人们需要种庄稼、捕鱼、收集生存用水，E选项中的"these things"正好指代前文提到的这些活动，说明住在河边能让这些事变得很容易，衔接自然，选E。
2. 空前句提到很多工厂建在河边利用水力驱动机器，B选项中的"these factories"对应前文提到的工厂，说明工厂的工人也住在附近，和后文“运货的人也住在河边”的内容顺承，选B。
3. 此处是段落小标题，前文都在介绍住在河边的好处，本段转而介绍住在河边的弊端，C选项用反问句引出下文部分人不愿住在河边的原因，也和前两个问句形式的小标题风格统一，选C。
4. 空后句的"Such waste"是关键指代，D选项提到部分工厂把废弃物排入河中，正好对应后文的废物污染相关内容，选D。
5. 本段小标题是“人们如何决定居住地点”，空后点明住在河边有利也有弊，F选项“人们在决定住在哪里之前应该仔细考虑”完全契合本段主题，选F。
多余选项A“人们喜欢住在大船上”全文没有相关对应内容，为干扰项。
1. 空前句提到拓荒时期人们需要种庄稼、捕鱼、收集生存用水，E选项中的"these things"正好指代前文提到的这些活动，说明住在河边能让这些事变得很容易，衔接自然，选E。
2. 空前句提到很多工厂建在河边利用水力驱动机器，B选项中的"these factories"对应前文提到的工厂，说明工厂的工人也住在附近，和后文“运货的人也住在河边”的内容顺承，选B。
3. 此处是段落小标题，前文都在介绍住在河边的好处，本段转而介绍住在河边的弊端，C选项用反问句引出下文部分人不愿住在河边的原因，也和前两个问句形式的小标题风格统一，选C。
4. 空后句的"Such waste"是关键指代，D选项提到部分工厂把废弃物排入河中，正好对应后文的废物污染相关内容，选D。
5. 本段小标题是“人们如何决定居住地点”，空后点明住在河边有利也有弊，F选项“人们在决定住在哪里之前应该仔细考虑”完全契合本段主题，选F。
多余选项A“人们喜欢住在大船上”全文没有相关对应内容，为干扰项。
四、信息还原
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Many civilizations (文明) rose along big rivers. Even now many cities are still built near rivers. Why do people like to live near a river? Maybe the following points can give you some ideas.
How did rivers help people live in the past?
Back in the pioneer (拓荒者) days, people had to grow crops, catch fish and collect water for living. 1 Many traders (商人) also shipped goods (货物) from one area to another on rivers.
Why do people live near rivers now?
Many factories are built right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work. 2 Rivers are also used to ship large goods. So people who carry goods onto ships live near rivers, too.
3
Some people are afraid of living near rivers because of floods. Floodwaters rise higher than a house, destroying many things in the house. 4 Such waste makes water smell bad and pollutes (污染) the food we eat.
How do people decide where to live?
5 Rivers can provide jobs and fun activities in a beautiful place. However, those people living by rivers should be willing to accept (接受) possible problems as well.
A. People liked to live on big ships.
B. Then many workers of these factories live nearby.
C. Who wouldn't want to live near rivers?
D. Some factories put their waste into rivers.
E. Staying close to a river made it easy to do these things.
F. People should think over before deciding where to live.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Many civilizations (文明) rose along big rivers. Even now many cities are still built near rivers. Why do people like to live near a river? Maybe the following points can give you some ideas.
How did rivers help people live in the past?
Back in the pioneer (拓荒者) days, people had to grow crops, catch fish and collect water for living. 1 Many traders (商人) also shipped goods (货物) from one area to another on rivers.
Why do people live near rivers now?
Many factories are built right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work. 2 Rivers are also used to ship large goods. So people who carry goods onto ships live near rivers, too.
3
Some people are afraid of living near rivers because of floods. Floodwaters rise higher than a house, destroying many things in the house. 4 Such waste makes water smell bad and pollutes (污染) the food we eat.
How do people decide where to live?
5 Rivers can provide jobs and fun activities in a beautiful place. However, those people living by rivers should be willing to accept (接受) possible problems as well.
A. People liked to live on big ships.
B. Then many workers of these factories live nearby.
C. Who wouldn't want to live near rivers?
D. Some factories put their waste into rivers.
E. Staying close to a river made it easy to do these things.
F. People should think over before deciding where to live.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：1. 前文提到拓荒者需要种庄稼、捕鱼、取水维持生计，E选项“住在河边让做这些事变得容易”能承接上文，说明河流对拓荒者的帮助，故选E。
2. 前文提到工厂沿河修建利用水力，B选项“这些工厂的很多工人住在附近”承接该内容，体现工厂带来的人口聚集，与后文运货人员住河边的内容呼应，故选B。
3. 前文介绍了住河边的好处，后文转折讲述人们害怕住河边的原因，C选项“谁不想住在河边？”以反问引出后文的转折内容，适合作为该部分小标题，故选C。
4. 后文提到“Such waste（这类废物）”，D选项“一些工厂把废物排进河里”中的waste与后文指代内容对应，逻辑连贯，故选D。
5. 前文提出“人们如何决定住在哪里？”的问题，F选项“人们在决定住哪里之前应该仔细考虑”承接该问题，后文接着阐述河流的利弊，符合逻辑，故选F。
E
B
C
D
F
1. 前文提到拓荒者需要种庄稼、捕鱼、取水维持生计，E选项“住在河边让做这些事变得容易”能承接上文，说明河流对拓荒者的帮助，故选E。
2. 前文提到工厂沿河修建利用水力，B选项“这些工厂的很多工人住在附近”承接该内容，体现工厂带来的人口聚集，与后文运货人员住河边的内容呼应，故选B。
3. 前文介绍了住河边的好处，后文转折讲述人们害怕住河边的原因，C选项“谁不想住在河边？”以反问引出后文的转折内容，适合作为该部分小标题，故选C。
4. 后文提到“Such waste（这类废物）”，D选项“一些工厂把废物排进河里”中的waste与后文指代内容对应，逻辑连贯，故选D。
5. 前文提出“人们如何决定住在哪里？”的问题，F选项“人们在决定住哪里之前应该仔细考虑”承接该问题，后文接着阐述河流的利弊，符合逻辑，故选F。
2. 前文提到工厂沿河修建利用水力，B选项“这些工厂的很多工人住在附近”承接该内容，体现工厂带来的人口聚集，与后文运货人员住河边的内容呼应，故选B。
3. 前文介绍了住河边的好处，后文转折讲述人们害怕住河边的原因，C选项“谁不想住在河边？”以反问引出后文的转折内容，适合作为该部分小标题，故选C。
4. 后文提到“Such waste（这类废物）”，D选项“一些工厂把废物排进河里”中的waste与后文指代内容对应，逻辑连贯，故选D。
5. 前文提出“人们如何决定住在哪里？”的问题，F选项“人们在决定住哪里之前应该仔细考虑”承接该问题，后文接着阐述河流的利弊，符合逻辑，故选F。
E
B
C
D
F
1. 前文提到拓荒者需要种庄稼、捕鱼、取水维持生计，E选项“住在河边让做这些事变得容易”能承接上文，说明河流对拓荒者的帮助，故选E。
2. 前文提到工厂沿河修建利用水力，B选项“这些工厂的很多工人住在附近”承接该内容，体现工厂带来的人口聚集，与后文运货人员住河边的内容呼应，故选B。
3. 前文介绍了住河边的好处，后文转折讲述人们害怕住河边的原因，C选项“谁不想住在河边？”以反问引出后文的转折内容，适合作为该部分小标题，故选C。
4. 后文提到“Such waste（这类废物）”，D选项“一些工厂把废物排进河里”中的waste与后文指代内容对应，逻辑连贯，故选D。
5. 前文提出“人们如何决定住在哪里？”的问题，F选项“人们在决定住哪里之前应该仔细考虑”承接该问题，后文接着阐述河流的利弊，符合逻辑，故选F。