A
People throw rubbish on the beach and even into the ocean. The rubbish has become the "home" of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops, parts of old light bulbs (灯泡), and even broken glass bottles.
Different from other crabs, hermit crabs have soft bodies, so they need to look for shells for protection. They first look at the shells' type, size, and colour. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in.
However, "rubbish shells" can bring danger to hermit crabs. Plastic rubbish is often brighter in colour than shells. It might stand out against the background, so predators (捕食者) can find hermit crabs more easily. Also, the crabs may not get out and then die when they go into plastic bottles or old tires (轮胎).
() 21. What has become a problem according to paragraph 1?
A. There are more hermit crabs than ever.
B. Hermit crabs are using rubbish as homes.
C. People cannot leave rubbish on the beach.
D. Scientists have a problem finding hermit crabs.
() 22. According to the passage, the underlined word "protection" in paragraph 2 means "" in Chinese.
A. 抵抗
B. 保护
C. 觅食
D. 爬行
() 23. How do hermit crabs check the inside size of a shell?
A. They use their legs.
B. They use their eyes to see.
C. They check by the smell.
D. They check by the nearby water flow.
() 24. Why might the writer write this article?
A. To tell interesting stories about hermit crabs.
B. To show the rubbish problem for hermit crabs.
C. To show the importance of having hermit crabs.
D. To have people make new homes for hermit crabs.
() 25. Where can we probably read this passage?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a travel book.
C. In a fashion magazine.
D. In a newspaper.
People throw rubbish on the beach and even into the ocean. The rubbish has become the "home" of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops, parts of old light bulbs (灯泡), and even broken glass bottles.
Different from other crabs, hermit crabs have soft bodies, so they need to look for shells for protection. They first look at the shells' type, size, and colour. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in.
However, "rubbish shells" can bring danger to hermit crabs. Plastic rubbish is often brighter in colour than shells. It might stand out against the background, so predators (捕食者) can find hermit crabs more easily. Also, the crabs may not get out and then die when they go into plastic bottles or old tires (轮胎).
() 21. What has become a problem according to paragraph 1?
A. There are more hermit crabs than ever.
B. Hermit crabs are using rubbish as homes.
C. People cannot leave rubbish on the beach.
D. Scientists have a problem finding hermit crabs.
() 22. According to the passage, the underlined word "protection" in paragraph 2 means "" in Chinese.
A. 抵抗
B. 保护
C. 觅食
D. 爬行
() 23. How do hermit crabs check the inside size of a shell?
A. They use their legs.
B. They use their eyes to see.
C. They check by the smell.
D. They check by the nearby water flow.
() 24. Why might the writer write this article?
A. To tell interesting stories about hermit crabs.
B. To show the rubbish problem for hermit crabs.
C. To show the importance of having hermit crabs.
D. To have people make new homes for hermit crabs.
() 25. Where can we probably read this passage?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a travel book.
C. In a fashion magazine.
D. In a newspaper.
答案：21. B
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. D
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. D
解析：
【分析】
1. 第21题：需定位到第一段内容，第一段核心讲述了人类丢弃的垃圾成为了寄居蟹的“家”这一现象，要从选项中找到对应该现象的表述。
2. 第22题：根据上下文语境猜词，前文提到寄居蟹身体柔软，需要壳，结合逻辑可推断出壳的作用，进而确定单词含义。
3. 第23题：属于细节查找题，直接在第二段中寻找寄居蟹检查壳内部大小的方式即可。
4. 第24题：需把握文章主旨，文章先讲寄居蟹用垃圾当壳的现象，再讲垃圾壳给它们带来的危险，由此判断作者的写作目的。
5. 第25题：要分析文章类型，这是一篇关于环境问题对生物影响的科普类文章，结合各选项的内容定位，判断文章可能的出处。
【解析】
21. 根据第一段“The rubbish has become the 'home' of hermit crabs... Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops...”可知，寄居蟹将人类丢弃的垃圾当作自己的“家”是目前存在的问题，对应选项B。
22. 由第二段“Different from other crabs, hermit crabs have soft bodies, so they need to look for shells for protection.”可知，寄居蟹身体柔软，需要壳来保障自身安全，因此“protection”的意思是“保护”，选B。
23. 第二段明确提到“Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size.”，可知寄居蟹用腿来检查壳的内部大小，选A。
24. 文章第一段介绍寄居蟹用垃圾当壳的现象，第三段阐述“rubbish shells”给寄居蟹带来的危险，整体围绕垃圾对寄居蟹造成的问题展开，所以作者的写作目的是展示垃圾给寄居蟹带来的问题，选B。
25. 本文是一篇关于海洋垃圾影响寄居蟹的科普类文章，这类与环境、生物相关的文章通常会出现在报纸上；故事书侧重叙事，旅行书介绍旅行相关内容，时尚杂志聚焦时尚领域，均不符合，选D。
【答案】
21. B
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. D
【知识点】
细节理解题解法、词义猜测技巧、主旨与出处判断
【点评】
本文以寄居蟹与海洋垃圾的关系为切入点，涵盖了细节查找、词义猜测、主旨把握和文章出处判断等多种阅读理解常考题型，既考查学生的基础阅读能力，也能引导学生关注环保与生物生存的关联，增强环保意识。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第21题：需定位到第一段内容，第一段核心讲述了人类丢弃的垃圾成为了寄居蟹的“家”这一现象，要从选项中找到对应该现象的表述。
2. 第22题：根据上下文语境猜词，前文提到寄居蟹身体柔软，需要壳，结合逻辑可推断出壳的作用，进而确定单词含义。
3. 第23题：属于细节查找题，直接在第二段中寻找寄居蟹检查壳内部大小的方式即可。
4. 第24题：需把握文章主旨，文章先讲寄居蟹用垃圾当壳的现象，再讲垃圾壳给它们带来的危险，由此判断作者的写作目的。
5. 第25题：要分析文章类型，这是一篇关于环境问题对生物影响的科普类文章，结合各选项的内容定位，判断文章可能的出处。
【解析】
21. 根据第一段“The rubbish has become the 'home' of hermit crabs... Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops...”可知，寄居蟹将人类丢弃的垃圾当作自己的“家”是目前存在的问题，对应选项B。
22. 由第二段“Different from other crabs, hermit crabs have soft bodies, so they need to look for shells for protection.”可知，寄居蟹身体柔软，需要壳来保障自身安全，因此“protection”的意思是“保护”，选B。
23. 第二段明确提到“Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size.”，可知寄居蟹用腿来检查壳的内部大小，选A。
24. 文章第一段介绍寄居蟹用垃圾当壳的现象，第三段阐述“rubbish shells”给寄居蟹带来的危险，整体围绕垃圾对寄居蟹造成的问题展开，所以作者的写作目的是展示垃圾给寄居蟹带来的问题，选B。
25. 本文是一篇关于海洋垃圾影响寄居蟹的科普类文章，这类与环境、生物相关的文章通常会出现在报纸上；故事书侧重叙事，旅行书介绍旅行相关内容，时尚杂志聚焦时尚领域，均不符合，选D。
【答案】
21. B
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. D
【知识点】
细节理解题解法、词义猜测技巧、主旨与出处判断
【点评】
本文以寄居蟹与海洋垃圾的关系为切入点，涵盖了细节查找、词义猜测、主旨把握和文章出处判断等多种阅读理解常考题型，既考查学生的基础阅读能力，也能引导学生关注环保与生物生存的关联，增强环保意识。
【难度系数】
0.6