四、完成句子
1. 在阅读的时候，你需要不时地放松你的眼睛。
You need to relax your eyes
2. 紧邻着医院的是一座警察局。那儿的警察们总是乐于助人。
Next to the hospital is
3. 谁住在隔壁？是小宋吗？
4. ——你的邻居们是什么样的？——非常热心。
—
— Very warm-hearted.
1. 在阅读的时候，你需要不时地放松你的眼睛。
You need to relax your eyes
from time to time
when you are reading.2. 紧邻着医院的是一座警察局。那儿的警察们总是乐于助人。
Next to the hospital is
a police station
. The police officers there arealways ready to help others
.3. 谁住在隔壁？是小宋吗？
Who lives next door
? Is it Xiaosong?4. ——你的邻居们是什么样的？——非常热心。
—
What are your neighbours like
?— Very warm-hearted.
答案：1. from time to time
2. a police station, always ready to help others
3. Who lives next door 4. What are your neighbours like
2. a police station, always ready to help others
3. Who lives next door 4. What are your neighbours like
解析：
【分析】
这道完成句子题核心考查课本核心短语和常用交际句型的运用，解题时我们可以逐句对照中文提示，先定位需要翻译的部分：第1题对应中文“不时地”，回忆对应的英语固定状语短语即可；第2题分别对应“一座警察局”和“乐于助人”的常用表达，注意主谓搭配一致；第3题需要补全对“谁住在隔壁”的特殊疑问句，确定疑问词和谓语形式；第4题对应询问人物性格特征的固定交际句型，匹配答语的含义就能准确写出答案。
【解析】
1. 此处需要表达“不时地”，是英语中常用的固定搭配from time to time，放在句末作时间状语，符合句子结构要求。
2. 第一空需要表达“一座警察局”，译为a police station，作倒装句的主语，和句中is的单数形式匹配；第二空表达“乐于助人”，常用固定表达为be always ready to help others，填入后语义和结构都通顺。
3. 对“谁”提问用特殊疑问词Who，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“住在隔壁”译为lives next door，组合后得到完整句子Who lives next door。
4. 询问“某人是什么样的（侧重性格品质）”用固定句型What be sb like，主语“你的邻居们”是your neighbours，为复数，be动词用are，因此填入What are your neighbours like，和答语“非常热心”完全对应。
【答案】
1. from time to time
2. a police station, always ready to help others
3. Who lives next door
4. What are your neighbours like
【知识点】
常用固定短语，特殊疑问句，情景交际句型
【点评】
本题属于基础题型，全部围绕日常话题的核心表达设置考点，难度较低，解题时注意细节：比如who作主语的主谓一致、询问人物外貌/性格的不同句型区分，避免出现形式错误即可轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道完成句子题核心考查课本核心短语和常用交际句型的运用，解题时我们可以逐句对照中文提示，先定位需要翻译的部分：第1题对应中文“不时地”，回忆对应的英语固定状语短语即可；第2题分别对应“一座警察局”和“乐于助人”的常用表达，注意主谓搭配一致；第3题需要补全对“谁住在隔壁”的特殊疑问句，确定疑问词和谓语形式；第4题对应询问人物性格特征的固定交际句型，匹配答语的含义就能准确写出答案。
【解析】
1. 此处需要表达“不时地”，是英语中常用的固定搭配from time to time，放在句末作时间状语，符合句子结构要求。
2. 第一空需要表达“一座警察局”，译为a police station，作倒装句的主语，和句中is的单数形式匹配；第二空表达“乐于助人”，常用固定表达为be always ready to help others，填入后语义和结构都通顺。
3. 对“谁”提问用特殊疑问词Who，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“住在隔壁”译为lives next door，组合后得到完整句子Who lives next door。
4. 询问“某人是什么样的（侧重性格品质）”用固定句型What be sb like，主语“你的邻居们”是your neighbours，为复数，be动词用are，因此填入What are your neighbours like，和答语“非常热心”完全对应。
【答案】
1. from time to time
2. a police station, always ready to help others
3. Who lives next door
4. What are your neighbours like
【知识点】
常用固定短语，特殊疑问句，情景交际句型
【点评】
本题属于基础题型，全部围绕日常话题的核心表达设置考点，难度较低，解题时注意细节：比如who作主语的主谓一致、询问人物外貌/性格的不同句型区分，避免出现形式错误即可轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
五、阅读理解
The woman in the flat upstairs（楼上的）plays her piano at midnight. The family across the street never cleans their garden. The rubbish is flying into your garden.
Have things like this ever happened（发生）to you? If so, you may ask yourself, "Who are these people? Why are they doing these things to me?"
These days, $\underline{\quad\blacktriangle\quad}$. Sometimes they share a friendly wave（挥手）or say hello, but a lot of people don't even know their neighbours' names!
When you don't know your neighbours, you may think, "Maybe they like to make me angry." or "Maybe they do it deliberately（故意地）." Believe it or not, your neighbours don't mean to make you angry most of the time. Often, they don't even know that they're bringing problems to you.
So before you find some ways to deal with the problem, you should talk about it with them first. When you meet your neighbours, you should talk to them in a friendly way. Say something good about their children or do something else to make them feel good. And if you can think of an easy way to help them, say it.
If talking doesn't work, ask another person to help. This person can listen to both sides of the story and help you and your neighbours with the problem.
In a word, sometimes it's a good idea to avoid（避免）the problem.
( ) 1. The writer begins the passage by ______ .
A. asking questions
B. telling stories
C. giving examples
D. comparing（比较）things
(
A. many people know their neighbours well
B. many people don't know their neighbours well
C. many people like talking with their neighbours
D. many people have problems with their neighbours
(
A. Paragraphs 5 & 6.
B. Paragraphs 6 & 7.
C. Paragraphs 4, 5 & 6.
D. Paragraphs 4 & 5.
(
A. If you don't know your neighbours, you will have no problems.
B. If you do something for your neighbours, they won't make you angry.
C. If you know your neighbours better, you can avoid some problems.
D. If your neighbour plays her piano at midnight, she does it deliberately.
Exercise 2 of Unit 2 of 7B Reading（ ] ）
The woman in the flat upstairs（楼上的）plays her piano at midnight. The family across the street never cleans their garden. The rubbish is flying into your garden.
Have things like this ever happened（发生）to you? If so, you may ask yourself, "Who are these people? Why are they doing these things to me?"
These days, $\underline{\quad\blacktriangle\quad}$. Sometimes they share a friendly wave（挥手）or say hello, but a lot of people don't even know their neighbours' names!
When you don't know your neighbours, you may think, "Maybe they like to make me angry." or "Maybe they do it deliberately（故意地）." Believe it or not, your neighbours don't mean to make you angry most of the time. Often, they don't even know that they're bringing problems to you.
So before you find some ways to deal with the problem, you should talk about it with them first. When you meet your neighbours, you should talk to them in a friendly way. Say something good about their children or do something else to make them feel good. And if you can think of an easy way to help them, say it.
If talking doesn't work, ask another person to help. This person can listen to both sides of the story and help you and your neighbours with the problem.
In a word, sometimes it's a good idea to avoid（避免）the problem.
( ) 1. The writer begins the passage by ______ .
A. asking questions
B. telling stories
C. giving examples
D. comparing（比较）things
(
B
) 2. Which of the following is fit for "$\underline{\quad\blacktriangle\quad}$" in Paragraph 3?A. many people know their neighbours well
B. many people don't know their neighbours well
C. many people like talking with their neighbours
D. many people have problems with their neighbours
(
A
) 3. Which paragraphs tell us the ways to deal with the problem?A. Paragraphs 5 & 6.
B. Paragraphs 6 & 7.
C. Paragraphs 4, 5 & 6.
D. Paragraphs 4 & 5.
(
C
) 4. What can we learn from the passage?A. If you don't know your neighbours, you will have no problems.
B. If you do something for your neighbours, they won't make you angry.
C. If you know your neighbours better, you can avoid some problems.
D. If your neighbour plays her piano at midnight, she does it deliberately.
Exercise 2 of Unit 2 of 7B Reading（ ] ）
答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
解析：
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心是围绕邻里相处的常见矛盾、矛盾产生的原因以及对应的解决方法展开的。之后逐个对应题目回原文定位：
1. 第一题问开篇方式，直接看第一段内容，作者罗列了两个邻里带来的生活困扰的具体场景，对应举例子的开篇逻辑，直接匹配选项即可。
2. 第二题是语句补全题，重点看空后的内容，后文明确说很多人连邻居名字都不知道，说明空缺句的含义要和后文语义保持一致，选出符合逻辑的选项。
3. 第三题定位讲解决方法的段落，逐段梳理段落大意，排除介绍矛盾产生原因的段落，筛选出介绍处理方案的段落即可。
4. 第四题是主旨推理题，把每个选项带回原文比对，排除表述错误、过于绝对的干扰项，选出符合全文核心观点的答案。
【解析】
1. 文章第一段列举了楼上女士半夜弹钢琴、街对面住户不清理花园导致垃圾飞入邻居家两个具体的生活场景，属于用举例子的方式开篇。A选项开篇没有先提问，提问出现在第二段；B选项没有完整叙事的故事内容；D选项没有对两类事物做对比，因此排除ABD，选C。
2. 第三段空缺句的后文提到“很多人只是和邻居友好挥手、打招呼，甚至连邻居的名字都不知道”，语义指向当下人们并不熟悉自己的邻居，和B选项表述完全契合。A和后文内容矛盾，C、D的表述在本段没有对应支撑内容，因此选B。
3. 第4段是在解释邻里矛盾产生的原因：多数时候邻居根本不知道自己给他人造成了困扰；第5段介绍第一种解决方法：用友好的方式主动和邻居沟通；第6段介绍第二种解决方法：如果沟通无效，可以找第三方帮忙协调。因此介绍解决方法的是第5、6段，选A。
4. 逐一比对选项：A表述完全错误，不认识邻居反而更容易产生误会矛盾；B表述过于绝对，对邻居好也不能完全保证对方不会给你造成困扰；D和原文内容矛盾，原文提到邻居多数时候都不是故意制造麻烦；C选项“更了解邻居就能避免很多矛盾”符合全文的核心观点，因此选C。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，语篇逻辑衔接，主旨推理判断
【点评】
本题是七年级下册的配套阅读题，选取邻里相处的生活化主题，难度适中，既考察学生快速定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，也传递了合理处理邻里关系的正向观念，做题时只要紧扣原文内容，排除表述绝对、和原文矛盾的干扰项，就可以轻松得到正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心是围绕邻里相处的常见矛盾、矛盾产生的原因以及对应的解决方法展开的。之后逐个对应题目回原文定位：
1. 第一题问开篇方式，直接看第一段内容，作者罗列了两个邻里带来的生活困扰的具体场景，对应举例子的开篇逻辑，直接匹配选项即可。
2. 第二题是语句补全题，重点看空后的内容，后文明确说很多人连邻居名字都不知道，说明空缺句的含义要和后文语义保持一致，选出符合逻辑的选项。
3. 第三题定位讲解决方法的段落，逐段梳理段落大意，排除介绍矛盾产生原因的段落，筛选出介绍处理方案的段落即可。
4. 第四题是主旨推理题，把每个选项带回原文比对，排除表述错误、过于绝对的干扰项，选出符合全文核心观点的答案。
【解析】
1. 文章第一段列举了楼上女士半夜弹钢琴、街对面住户不清理花园导致垃圾飞入邻居家两个具体的生活场景，属于用举例子的方式开篇。A选项开篇没有先提问，提问出现在第二段；B选项没有完整叙事的故事内容；D选项没有对两类事物做对比，因此排除ABD，选C。
2. 第三段空缺句的后文提到“很多人只是和邻居友好挥手、打招呼，甚至连邻居的名字都不知道”，语义指向当下人们并不熟悉自己的邻居，和B选项表述完全契合。A和后文内容矛盾，C、D的表述在本段没有对应支撑内容，因此选B。
3. 第4段是在解释邻里矛盾产生的原因：多数时候邻居根本不知道自己给他人造成了困扰；第5段介绍第一种解决方法：用友好的方式主动和邻居沟通；第6段介绍第二种解决方法：如果沟通无效，可以找第三方帮忙协调。因此介绍解决方法的是第5、6段，选A。
4. 逐一比对选项：A表述完全错误，不认识邻居反而更容易产生误会矛盾；B表述过于绝对，对邻居好也不能完全保证对方不会给你造成困扰；D和原文内容矛盾，原文提到邻居多数时候都不是故意制造麻烦；C选项“更了解邻居就能避免很多矛盾”符合全文的核心观点，因此选C。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，语篇逻辑衔接，主旨推理判断
【点评】
本题是七年级下册的配套阅读题，选取邻里相处的生活化主题，难度适中，既考察学生快速定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，也传递了合理处理邻里关系的正向观念，做题时只要紧扣原文内容，排除表述绝对、和原文矛盾的干扰项，就可以轻松得到正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7