五、阅读理解
How would you feel if someone wanted to take away your park? Well, that's what's happening in my community. There's a park that some people want to turn into a golf course(高尔夫球场). Let me tell you why I think it's a bad idea.
First, a park should be for the whole community. Not everyone likes golf, so not everyone will get to use the course. This isn't fair(公平的). A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use.
Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment(设施) will have to be moved or broken down, which is a waste of time and money.
Third, not all kids are fans of golf. At the moment, the park has a skating place and a playground. These attract lots of kids. If you turn the park into a golf course, they will stay at home and turn on a video game without exercise. It also means that they might be out on the street making trouble. Wouldn't it be better to give them something to do at the park?
Finally, golf is $\underline{\quad\blacktriangle\quad}$. Building a golf course and maintaining(维护) it will cost a lot. Who can pay to maintain the golf course? What about those who can't cover the cost of joining a golf club? That means that the golf course can only be enjoyed by people with lots of money.
Turning our park into a golf course is a bad idea. I advise that we have a community meeting before we make the final decision(决定).
(
A. relaxing
B. expensive
C. tiring
D. difficult
(
A. go to get some exercise
B. fall in love with golf
C. play video games at home
D. go to the street and make friends
(
(
A. To help make the final decision.
B. To make the park more beautiful.
C. To stop building the golf course.
D. To invite children to his garden.
How would you feel if someone wanted to take away your park? Well, that's what's happening in my community. There's a park that some people want to turn into a golf course(高尔夫球场). Let me tell you why I think it's a bad idea.
First, a park should be for the whole community. Not everyone likes golf, so not everyone will get to use the course. This isn't fair(公平的). A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use.
Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment(设施) will have to be moved or broken down, which is a waste of time and money.
Third, not all kids are fans of golf. At the moment, the park has a skating place and a playground. These attract lots of kids. If you turn the park into a golf course, they will stay at home and turn on a video game without exercise. It also means that they might be out on the street making trouble. Wouldn't it be better to give them something to do at the park?
Finally, golf is $\underline{\quad\blacktriangle\quad}$. Building a golf course and maintaining(维护) it will cost a lot. Who can pay to maintain the golf course? What about those who can't cover the cost of joining a golf club? That means that the golf course can only be enjoyed by people with lots of money.
Turning our park into a golf course is a bad idea. I advise that we have a community meeting before we make the final decision(决定).
(
B
) 1. Which word can be filled in "$\underline{\quad\blacktriangle\quad}$" of the passage?A. relaxing
B. expensive
C. tiring
D. difficult
(
C
) 2. According to Paragraph 4, having nowhere to go will make some children .A. go to get some exercise
B. fall in love with golf
C. play video games at home
D. go to the street and make friends
(
D
) 3. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1...)(
C
) 4. What is the writer's purpose(目的) in writing this passage?A. To help make the final decision.
B. To make the park more beautiful.
C. To stop building the golf course.
D. To invite children to his garden.
答案：1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C
解析：
【分析】
我拿到这道题首先先明确这是一篇典型的议论文类阅读理解，解题思路可以逐题推进：
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，直接定位到空所在的第五段，看空后给出的解释内容，找和花费、金钱相关的描述，就能匹配出对应的形容词。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，直接锁定题干指定的第4段，找到原文描述孩子没有公园可去之后的行为，和选项逐一比对排除错误项即可。
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，先把全文段落功能梳理清楚：开头第1段是总起提出核心观点，中间2-5段是四个并列的理由来论证观点，最后第6段总结重申观点给出建议，对应总-分-总结构，匹配对应的图示。
4. 第4题是主旨目的题，通读全文看作者的核心立场，就能选出作者写作的最终目的。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第五段空格后的内容，文中提到建造和维护高尔夫球场要花费大量资金，高尔夫球场只有有钱人才能享用，说明高尔夫相关的成本很高，对应选项B“expensive（昂贵的）”，A放松的、C劳累的、D困难的都和后文描述的花费高昂的语境不匹配，因此选B。
2. 第2题：定位第四段原文表述“If you turn the park into a golf course, they will stay at home and turn on a video game without exercise”，直接对应选项C“play video games at home（在家玩电子游戏）”，其余选项的描述都和原文内容不符，因此选C。
3. 第3题：梳理全文段落功能：第1段总起，引出话题，提出“把社区公园改造成高尔夫球场是错误想法”的核心观点；第2、3、4、5段是四个完全并列的分论点，分别从公平性、资源浪费、对儿童的负面影响、高尔夫成本过高四个角度论证核心观点；第6段总结全文，重申观点并给出召开社区会议的建议，属于“总起-并列分述-总结”的总-分-总结构，和D选项的图示完全对应，因此选D。
4. 第4题：作者全文从多个维度列举改造公园建高尔夫球场的弊端，明确反对这个改造方案，写作的核心目的是阻止高尔夫球场的修建，对应选项C。其余选项：A作者没有要帮忙做最终决定，是反对该决定；B文中没有提到要把公园变美；D完全和原文内容无关，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题是初中阶段典型的议论文类阅读理解，考点覆盖了阅读理解常见的四类题型，难度梯度合理，学生解题时只要准确定位原文对应语句，理清常规议论文总-分-总的行文逻辑，就可以顺利选出全部正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
我拿到这道题首先先明确这是一篇典型的议论文类阅读理解，解题思路可以逐题推进：
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，直接定位到空所在的第五段，看空后给出的解释内容，找和花费、金钱相关的描述，就能匹配出对应的形容词。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，直接锁定题干指定的第4段，找到原文描述孩子没有公园可去之后的行为，和选项逐一比对排除错误项即可。
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，先把全文段落功能梳理清楚：开头第1段是总起提出核心观点，中间2-5段是四个并列的理由来论证观点，最后第6段总结重申观点给出建议，对应总-分-总结构，匹配对应的图示。
4. 第4题是主旨目的题，通读全文看作者的核心立场，就能选出作者写作的最终目的。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第五段空格后的内容，文中提到建造和维护高尔夫球场要花费大量资金，高尔夫球场只有有钱人才能享用，说明高尔夫相关的成本很高，对应选项B“expensive（昂贵的）”，A放松的、C劳累的、D困难的都和后文描述的花费高昂的语境不匹配，因此选B。
2. 第2题：定位第四段原文表述“If you turn the park into a golf course, they will stay at home and turn on a video game without exercise”，直接对应选项C“play video games at home（在家玩电子游戏）”，其余选项的描述都和原文内容不符，因此选C。
3. 第3题：梳理全文段落功能：第1段总起，引出话题，提出“把社区公园改造成高尔夫球场是错误想法”的核心观点；第2、3、4、5段是四个完全并列的分论点，分别从公平性、资源浪费、对儿童的负面影响、高尔夫成本过高四个角度论证核心观点；第6段总结全文，重申观点并给出召开社区会议的建议，属于“总起-并列分述-总结”的总-分-总结构，和D选项的图示完全对应，因此选D。
4. 第4题：作者全文从多个维度列举改造公园建高尔夫球场的弊端，明确反对这个改造方案，写作的核心目的是阻止高尔夫球场的修建，对应选项C。其余选项：A作者没有要帮忙做最终决定，是反对该决定；B文中没有提到要把公园变美；D完全和原文内容无关，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题是初中阶段典型的议论文类阅读理解，考点覆盖了阅读理解常见的四类题型，难度梯度合理，学生解题时只要准确定位原文对应语句，理清常规议论文总-分-总的行文逻辑，就可以顺利选出全部正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7